增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Music fans got a chance to appreciate the beauty of guzheng, an stringed instrument with more than 2,500 year of history. Yuan Sha, a celebrated guzheng soloist had presented a performance -based lecture on Chinese musical culture titling Zheng & Poem in New York on Oct 11. The event, what was organized by the Bureau for External Relations of the Ministry of Culture of China, begin with a lecture by Yuan. After the performance, the audience was invited try to play simple American songs on the guzheng. Yuan said music is a language with borders. Yuan hopes Zheng & Poem can play a positively role in drawing Chinese and American people closer spiritually and strengthen friendship by advancing a deeper understanding of each other.
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last week, it was announced that a singing competition would held in our school. Our teacher encouraged us to take a active part in it. After a heated discuss, we agreed to sing Defend the Yellow River. Five days later, the competition had started in the school hall. We sang with full passion, wear the uniform. All audience applauded warm at the end of our performance, what made us very happy. Because of our wonderful and inspired performance, we finally won the first place. We not only took pride of our victory, and also were deeply impressed by the meaning of cooperation.
3 . Have you ever wondered why certain pop songs just make you feel so good? Researchers studying the question found that uncertainty and surprise give listeners the most pleasure. The study included 80,000 chords（和弦）in 745 pop songs between 1958 and 1991.
Each song was stripped of its melody（旋律）and lyrics（歌词）so that only chords were left and the results couldn’t be misunderstood by other imaginations of the songs that listeners might have had.
They found two things. Listeners got great pleasure from unexpected chords when they knew what would happen. However, they still found it pleasant to hear familiar chords when they did not know what would follow.
Vincent Cheung, the lead researcher, said, "Pleasant songs are likely those which keep a good balance（平衡）between knowing what is going to happen next and surprising us with something we did not expect. Understanding how music starts our pleasure system in the brain could explain why listening to music might help us feel better when we are feeling blue.”
Cheung told CNN that pleasure in music is connected to expectation. The study before had looked into the effects of surprise on pleasure, but his team's study also paid attention to the uncertainty of listeners' expectations.
1. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Removed. | B．Added. |
| C．Played. | D．Recorded. |
| A．They listened to lots of pop songs. |
| B．They focus on the chords in popular songs. |
| C．They imagined the songs that can make people pleased. |
| D．They found lots of songs and then compared each other. |
| A．Pleasant music can explain human nature. |
| B．Listening to music might make people feel blue. |
| C．Music can improve the pleasure system of people. |
| D．Pleasant music comes from the balance of expectation and surprise. |
| A．His study only paid attention to chords in songs. |
| B．His study focused on the effects of surprise on pleasure. |
| C．His study took time to how music starts the pleasure system. |
| D．His study paid attention to the uncertainty of listeners' expectations. |
4 . They say music is universal, and it seems to be true since wherever we go, we see people listening, playing or dancing to it. We tend to think that music is larger than our cultural differences and shows the deeper connections between us.
But according to a recent study published in the journal Current Biology, music doesn’t speak to everyone. There is a condition, the researchers argue, called “musical anhedonia”. They say that those who have this condition lack the ability to experience pleasure from music.
For the study, 30 people listened to the same, mostly classical music pieces. They were then asked to complete a questionnaire on how they felt about the music. At the same time, the researchers measured their heart rate and skin reaction, which are considered physiological measures of emotion.
According to the researchers, most of the people in the study got pleasure from the music. They had a quicker heartbeat and sweated more. However, a small number had very little and even no pleasant feeling while they listened. These people had none or very few of the physical signs the others in the study experienced.
The researchers say that this means people have different abilities to enjoy music and that “there are people who specifically can’t enjoy music at all”, study author Josep Marco-Pallres of the University of Barcelona in Spain told Live Science.
To study the condition further, another group of scientists, at Columbia University, US, researched brain activities. They found that the key is the blood flow to the reward system in the brain.
“People who got less pleasure from music had lower blood flow to areas involved in the reward system of the brain when listening to music,” reported the Daily Mail.
The lower blood flow makes it more likely that the brain’s “reward system” will not be active. Thus, it will produce less of the “pleasure chemical” dopamine. As a result, people get less pleasure from music.
If the research is correct, according to National Public Radio, there are simply people who just don’t get music. They may get pleasure from many things, but a good song isn’t one of them.
1. What do we know about people with musical anhedonia?| A．They usually avoid listening to music. |
| B．They like to listen to certain types of music. |
| C．They believe cultural differences are larger than music. |
| D．They can’t feel the pleasure that music brings to others. |
| A．To learn how music influences people’s emotions. |
| B．To understand the relationship between music and the body. |
| C．To learn what music people love the most. |
| D．To see whether music works in the same way for all people. |
| A．Those who enjoyed music had more dopamine produced. |
| B．Those who enjoyed music had slower blood flow. |
| C．All of them had faster heartbeat and sweated more. |
| D．They showed different physical signs as the music changed. |
| A．How people get pleasure from music? |
| B．Why music isn’t for everyone? |
| C．What brain produces with music? |
| D．A new research of listening. |
