1 . Why Is There an Offside(越位)Rule in Soccer?

The offside rule is one of the most important and significant rules in the game of soccer. It is one of the core influencers of game play, formations, and how the sport is played as a whole.     1    

To get the official rule we have to consult the rulebook of IFAB(International Football Association Board). It is the organization that governs the laws of soccer. It is an independent body and the only organization authorized to decide and agree on changes to the Laws of the Game.

Without the offside rule, soccer would descend to a game where the ball is hit from one end of the pitch to the other, with all players competing to score in a sea of mess. It would be an unrecognizable game.

Thankfully, instead of this, we have “the beautiful game”: the most popular sport in the world, full of excitement, skill, athleticism, and tactical guile(战术诡计).     2    Let me explain it to you in detail.

It’s not an offense to simply be in an offside position. If involved in active play from a touch by a teammate, the player in an offside position will be subsequently ruled offside and an indirect free-kick will be ruled against them. Becoming “involved in active play” infers that a player:

·Interferes with play by touching a ball that is passed or touched by a teammate.

·Prevents an opponent by obstructing their vision, by challenging them for the ball, or by making an obvious action to impact their ability to get the ball.

·Gains an advantage or interferes with an opponent when the ball is rebounded from the post, cross-bar, opponent or match official.

There are several pages of more specific circumstances and situations where offside can occur in the IFAB rulebook. However, these are the small print and are not important to discuss in general terms.     3    In the simplest terms possible, offside is where a player is in their opponents half and they are closer to the goal-line than the ball and the second-last opponent when the ball is played.

    4    A player cannot be ruled offside if they receive the ball directly from a throw-in, a corner-kick, or a goal-kick. In most cases, the linesman or assistant referee, who operates on the sidelines of the field, is in charge of monitoring and flagging offside.

A．If you want to read up on these finer details, check out the IFAB rulebook and skip to page 98.

B．Offside can be incorporated into certain tactical and formational plans made by coaches.

C．It dictates what positions players occupy on the field, as well as when and where the ball is passed.

D．However, it is a risky attempt, particularly in the VAR era, where the defense cannot deceive the match officials.

E．There are of course some exceptions to this offside rule.

F．However, despite what has been said above, many people still don’t fully understand the rule.

2 .

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YOU’RE INVITED 21-22 NEW MEMBERSHIP VIRTUAL OPEN HOUSE Learn more about Hawks Membership rights and 21—22 priority deposits. Sign up now to join the Zoom event to receive more details! •________ The per seat deposit secures your place in line to select your season ticket locations before the general public has access. The deposit will be credited to your season ticket purchase once the seat locations are confirmed. •________ Fans placing a deposit will gain access to purchase season ticket Membership on Jan 22. You will be assigned a priority timeslot to purchase and will be contacted via email with more information. •________ Yes. Click Contact a Rep and fill out the form to have a Hawks rep reach out to you or call/text the ticket sales department at 1-866-715-1500. Click the Contact us button in the bottom right for all contact options. •________ Please contact your dedicated Hawks rep or call/text 1-866-715-1500 to be connected with a rep who can assist. •________ Your deposit can be kept on account and be applied to any ticketing option released throughout the year.

1. If you become a member of Season Ticket, you can________.

A．update the tickers throughout the whole year

B．enter the stadium through a special entrance

C．often get free tickets for the upcoming games

D．get parking tickets at a discounted rate

2. If you want to know more detailed information about what special services you can receive after you have placed a deposit, you can________.

A．read the FAQS section on the website	B．refer to a live-streaming house
C．consult experts at the travel agency	D．place a priority deposit on NBA tickets

3. The proper order of the following questions in the FAQs section should be________.
①What is a deposit?
②Am I able to speak to someone over the phone or in-person?
③When can I purchase membership?
④What if I don’t use my deposit when Season Ticket Memberships go on sale?
⑤How will I receive my free tickets after I place a deposit and purchase membership?

A．②①④⑤③

B．①④③⑤②

C．①③②⑤④

D．③⑤②①④

3 . The Differences Between the World Cup and the Olympic Soccer

You don’t have to be a soccer expert to know that the World Cup is the sport’s biggest international event. That’s right—it’s even bigger of a deal than participating in the Olympics. While most other sports see the Olympic games as the grandest stage, soccer holds its World Cup to a much higher _________. You may feel surprised but this is exactly the truth. In fact, the two events are set apart by a fair share of _________

The calendar year

Many of the sports that have their own Olympic events have _________that revolve around when the Games would be, so when it comes time to compete, the athletes are available. This isn’t the case for some of the bigger sports, _________, and soccer is one of them. When the World Cup qualifiers(预选赛) _________with the Olympics, even though there is a FIFA contingent(国际足联团队)that organizes soccer at the Summer Games, FIFA may not encourage its _________players to compete at the Olympics.

Countries participating

The World Cup hosted 32 national teams in Russia in the 2018 tournament.(This is also what allows the World Cup to host so many games over the span of a month. ) _________, the Olympics only hosts about half of that, with 16 men’s teams and 12 women’s teams participating in 2016Summer Games in Rio de Janiero, Brazil.

_________requirement

You can’t put all the _________on FIFA for players not participating in the Olympics when the Games also put restrictions on who can play at the event. Each team participating in the Olympics can only have three players over 23 on their roster(参赛名单), which has led to the Games being mockingly referred to as a U-23 tournament. The World Cup, __________, doesn’t have such a limit.

Because of the age limit, many think the level of skill displayed at the Olympics isn’t a good __________of what the world’s best soccer players are capable of. Keep in mind that FIFA is part of the organizing committee for soccer at the Olympics. So it always has the final __________in whether the best players in the world can participate. As the New York Times summarized in 2008, FIFA’s message to the Olympics is clear: Soccer is one sport in which you will never be allowed to __________an event with the best in the world.

Fans

Part of the World Cup’s appeal is that it runs over the course of the __________, and viewers who don’t watch certain teams on a regular basis can become more familiar with the competition. The Summer Games __________the games—again, made up of fewer teams—onto a much shorter schedule with less time for fanfare.

1.

A．extent

B．surprise

C．scale

D．standard

2.

A．differences

B．similarities

C．measures

D．comparisons

3.

A．definitions

B．relations

C．terms

D．seasons

4.

A．moreover

B．likewise

C．however

D．therefore

5.

A．struggles

B．conflicts

C．cooperates

D．argues

6.

A．top

B．inferior

C．academic

D．eliminated

7.

A．Naturally

B．Consequently

C．Namely

D．Comparatively

8.

A．Age

B．Number

C．Skill

D．Participation

9.

A．weight

B．emphasis

C．blame

D．explanation

10.

A．on the whole

B．on the other hand

C．on average

D．on any account

11.

A．indicator

B．example

C．requirement

D．restriction

12.

A．decision

B．competition

C．option

D．say

13.

A．drop

B．fund

C．win

D．stage

14.

A．day

B．week

C．month

D．year

15.

A．pack

B．fill

C．litter

D．host

4 . After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. saw               B. professional               C. schedule               D. gradually          E. field          F. marked G. host                 H. incredibly                  I. determination             J. repeated            K. cancelled

The Olympics

The Olympics are the most important international competition in terms of scale, skills, and number of athletes.

The games are divided into two parts—the Summer Games and the Winter Games. The two parts are held in such a way that there are two years in between but four years before one is     1    .

The Olympics were first celebrated in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece, and were held every four years until 393 AD. Then, they were brought to an end by the Roman emperor. It was not until the 1890s that the world     2    the modern summer games. In 1896 the first modern Summer Olympics were held in Greece because that was where the tradition started. After that the Olympics would move to a different city every four years. In 1924, the Winter Olympics were added to the     3    . The Games were to take place in a separate, colder place. The event was     4    during World War I and World War II for reasons known to all.

Examples of modern Summer Olympic events are track and     5    events, ball games, diving, gymnastics, swimming. Typical Winter Olympic events are skating and skiing.

The Olympic records are the world ones. An Olympic gold medal carries as much weight as, or even more than, any other gold medal won at other international competitions. The skills and     6    demonstrated at the Olympics have come to stand for the peak of human physical strength and will power.

It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to amaze the world with their     7    performance at the Olympics. Coming out number one many times in the Olympic events, Chinese athletes have brought home one gold medal after another in swimming, diving, gymnastics, weight lifting, and a number of ball games. At the turn of the twenty-first century, the world witnessed Beijing being selected by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as the     8    city for the 2008 Olympics. This has added a brilliant touch to the picture of modern Chinese sport history.

Though once     9    as “the Weaklings of East Asia”, the Chinese have always been looking forward to achieving the dream of becoming a sports giant. After continuous efforts for years the dream is     10    coming true, and it is understandable why the Chinese let out cries of joy the night Beijing’s bid to host the 2008 Olympics was approved!

5 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Should E-sports Be in the Olympics?

The International Olympic Committee and the Global Association of International Sports Federations recently hosted an e-sports forum to explore shared similarities, possible partnership and the tricky question of whether video gaming could be recognized as an Olympic event. Ever since the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris first expressed its interest in possibly adding electronic sports to the Olympic Games program, we’ve seen a growing interest by the IOC in e-sports—“since the youth are interested, let’s embrace this,” said the organizing committee of the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.

To tell the truth, as a former-world class high jumper, I struggle with the notion of e-sports becoming an Olympic sport. Conversations I’ve had with other Olympians reveal concerns about comparing the physical skill and demands of traditional athletic competition with e-sports.

Given the growth in popularity, it’s understandable why the IOC would want to partner with e-sports. The IOC generates more than 90 percent of its revenue from broadcast and sponsorship. The marketing firm Newzoo estimated last year that with brand investment growing by 48 per cent, the global e-sports economy will reach almost $1 billion in 2018.

What’s more, most Olympians recognize that those who participate in e-sports spend a great deal of time training—even working with nutritionists and sport psychologists to improve their prowess. But is that enough to join the Olympic Games family?

Is e-sport a sport? To answer this question, perhaps we need to revisit the academic definition of sport. While differences may exist in their granular descriptions of sport, researchers appear to converge on three central attributes: The sport involves a physical component, it is competitive, and it is institutionalized, meaning a governing body establishes the rules of performance.

While e-sports can be argued to be competitive and institutionalized, the first criterion is where it falls short. Given the IOC’s advocacy role for physical activity, e-sports seems to be a conflict with its push for an active society. In an interview with Inside the Games, Sarah Walker, an IOC Athletes’ Commission member, explained her opposition, “If I were inspired to be a gamer, I would go home and sit on the couch as my first step.”

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word that you do not need.

A. included                 B. promising                 C. achievements                 D. proved          E. transfer F. outstanding             G. sign                           H. appearances                  I. scoring          J. capture            K. referred

Ronaldo Luiz Nazario de Lima was born on 22 September 1976 in a poor suburb of Rio de Janeiro. Like most of his childhood friends, Ronaldo began his football (soccer) career playing barefoot in the streets of his neighbourhood. At the age of 14, he joined Sao Cristovao football club and only two years later became the star of Cruzeiro Esporte Clube in Belo Horizonte     1     a total of 58 goals in 60 matches and earning himself a reputation for his explosive pace and     2     finishing skills. His goal — scoring record and unusual quickness led him to be     3     in the Brazilian World Cup winning team the following year. After the World Cup, many top European football clubs were trying to     4     him. Many people, including Brazilian football legend Pele, considered him as the most     5     footballer of his generation.

Since his     6     to Dutch team PSV Eindhoven, Ronaldo’s biography has been one success after another. Two Copa America’s, a UEFA Super Cup, a Dutch Cup, a Spanish Super Cup, and two Player of the Year awards from FIFA, all in the space of two years, are some of Ronaldo’s impressive     7    . On arrival to Inter Milan in 1997, Ronaldo became the idol of the local fans who refer to him as “il Fenomeno (奇才)”.

Since the 1998 World Cup he has suffered serious knee injuries that have severely limited his     8    . Just when people began to wonder whether Ronaldo would be able to continue with his football career, he     9     to the world that he still could play. In the World Cup held in Korea and Japan, the magical striker won the Golden Shoe award and tied Pele’s Brazilian record for career World Cup goals with 12. He helped Brazil     10     its fifth World Cup championship on 30 June with a 2-0 win over Germany. It was the third time that Ronaldo had ever played in the World Cup.

7 . 语法填空

On 1 June, 1910, the race to the South Pole     1     the Norwegian and the British     2    . Amundsen left on 8 September 1911.He     3    great progress because he had teams of dogs     4     (pull) the sledges and all his men were on skis.They arrived at the Pole on 14 December, 1911 and became the first     5     (arrive)there.Scott left on 1 November     6     his two sledges broke     7     first and then his horses had difficulties with the cold and the snow. They finally made it to the Pole and were       8     (shock) to find that they had failed to win the race.On their     9    (dead)return journey, they still found time to look for rocks.Their great courage made them into     10    (hero).

8 . On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have _________ the course earlier than she did. Her _________ came because she was carrying a _________ across the finish line.

As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her _________ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She _________ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with _________. She couldn’t. Bailey then _________ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get _________ attention.

Once there, Lenoue was _________ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme __________ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.

As for Bailey, she is more __________ about why her act is considered a big __________. “She was just crying. I couldn’t __________ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”

Although the two young women were strangers before the __________, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the __________ of human kindness won the day.

1.

A．designed

B．followed

C．changed

D．finished

2.

A．delay

B．chance

C．trouble

D．excuse

3.

A．judge

B．volunteer

C．classmate

D．competitor

4.

A．race

B．school

C．town

D．training

5.

A．agreed

B．returned

C．stopped

D．promised

6.

A．courage

B．aid

C．patience

D．advice

7.

A．went away

B．stood up

C．stepped aside

D．bent down

8.

A．medical

B．public

C．constant

D．equal

9.

A．interrupted

B．assessed

C．identified

D．appreciated

10.

A．hunger

B．pain

C．cold

D．tiredness

11.

A．worried

B．ashamed

C．confused

D．discouraged

12.

A．game

B．problem

C．lesson

D．deal

13.

A．leave

B．cure

C．bother

D．understand

14.

A．ride

B．test

C．meet

D．show

15.

A．secret

B．display

C．benefit

D．exchange

9 . The FIFA World Cup 2022, the world’s greatest football tournament, is set to begin in Qatar on November 21, 2022.

The FIFA World Cup is being held in the Middle East for the first time and is being hosted by an Asian country for the second time. The nation, which draws visitors from all around the world, promises to host the most expensive World Cup ever.

By land size, Qatar is the smallest nation to have ever hosted a FIFA World Cup. Switzerland, which hosted the 1954 FIFA World Cup, is the next-smallest nation. Qatar became the second nation to host the major competition without ever making it to an earlier round of competition. Qatar has a population of 2.8 million, which is comparable to that of Yorkshire. However, because of its size, it has the highest per capita income in the world.

A FIFA World Cup is an expensive event, and since 1994, there has been a general upward trend in the costs connected with hosting the most famous tournament.

The nation has already spent around $200 billion. The nation spends $500 million per week on infrastructure(基础设施) projects, new stadiums, hotels, hospitals, and airports. According to Qatar’s finance minister, Ali Shareef AI-Emadi, preparations for the World Cup are almost complete.

A huge amount of soccer fans are expected to arrive in the country (about 1.2— 1.5 million). Due to concerns about a shortage of housing, the nation has already spent $40 million on hotels.

The estimated cost of Qatar’s 2022 FIFA World Cup is $220 billion. The historic tournament’s most costly edition is expected to be this one. Fans are surprised with the World Cup’s luxury and fascination, but there is also plenty of controversy(争议).

1. What do we know about the FIFA World Cup?

A．Yorkshire hosted the 1954 FIFA World Cup.

B．The FIFA World Cup is the world’s greatest tournament.

C．It’s the second time the FIFA World Cup has been held in an Asian country.

D．The overall cost of hosting FIFA World Cup has been on the rise since 1954.

2. What does the fifth paragraph mainly talk about?

A．People’s warmth for Qatar.	B．Qatar’s preparations for World Cup.
C．Qatar’s goals for the World Cup.	D．Qatar’s main financial situation in 2022.

3. How much money is left over for Qatar to prepare for the World Cup?

A．$40 million.

B．$200 million.

C．$500 million.

D．$20 billion.

4. What might the writer continue to write in the next paragraph?

A．How soccer fans plan to go to watch the World Cup of Qatar.

B．What the stadiums of the 2022 World Cup look like.

C．How people view differently on the Qatar’s luxurious behavior.

D．What other surprises does Qatar offer soccer fans.

10 . 语法填空

Robert Falcon Scott and Roald Amundsen were two of the most well-known    1     (explore) of the 20th century. The race between them to Antarctica in    2     early 20th century received wide attention.

Amundsen was the first     3     (leave) on 8 September, 1911, reached the Pole on 14 December and returned safely to their starting base on 25 January, 1912, ten days ahead of their planned schedule, thus     4     (win) the race.

However, the journey for Scott was     5     (difficult) than expected. On their way to the Pole, his two sledges    6    (break) down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. When they arrived, they were shocked to find they lost the race. On their return journey, they were extremely tired and running out of food. What was worse, they     7     (catch) in a terrible storm on their way to one of their food bases. None of his team survived. However, they found some valuable rocks,     8     proved the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants in the distant past.

Although Scott and his team lost the race and didn’t survive, they were regarded     9    heroes for their honesty, sincerity, bravery and the great courage     10     (show) to the world.