1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

As an attractive city in the Netherlands, Amsterdam is one of the most bicycle-friendly    1    (city) in the world having over 800, 000 bikes in the capital. By comparison, the city has a population of only 750, 000 less than the number of bikes. According to a survey    2    (make) 5 years ago 490, 000 people used bicycles everyday.

Up to now, people in Amsterdam    3    (enjoy) the convenience of cycling for decades. The city has special facilities for cyclists,    4    can be used for free. Compared with other transportation in the city, bikes are    5    (clean) and less expensive while also    6    (offer) health benefits.    7    reason for bicycle riding is that bicycle traffic is    8    (relative) safe. Amsterdammers ride a wide    9    (vary) of bicycles. Many tourists also discover Amsterdam by bike, which is    10    typical Dutch way.

3 . The Coral Sea is home to an amazing variety of turtles, sharks, whales, dolphins, large fish, birds, corals, plants, and many other species. Many of these species are endangered elsewhere in the world, but still survive in the healthy environment of the Coral Sea.

The Coral Sea is a large series of coral reefs located off the northeast coast of Australia. This area is three times larger than Australia’s famous Great Barrier Reef, which the Coral Sea borders.

The Coral Sea is one of the few coral reef environments that have remained largely undamaged by overfishing, oil and gas exploration and pollution. However, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing five times faster than rainforests. It is very likely that in the near future the Coral Sea will face the same threats to its existence.

The Australian government is currently looking at options for protecting the Coral Sea but has made no decisions. Environmentalists are pushing for laws to declare the Coral Sea area a marine protected area. This would mean a large “no-take zone” for fishermen, a no-exploration zone for gas and oil companies and a no-dump zone for pollution. This would make the Coral Sea a marine park larger than any in the world.

We can write letters to Australian leaders, Australian environmental protection agencies, and Australian friends, to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the Coral Sea. To lose this last great marine wildness would be a loss for the whole world.

For more information, click here please.

1. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A．To teach people how to protect the Coral Sea.

B．To call for the public awareness to protect the Coral Sea.

C．To show the amazing features of the Coral Sea.

D．To explain the function of the Coral Sea.

2. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?

A．The reason for protecting the Coral Sea.

B．The way to protect the Coral Sea.

C．The location of the Coral Sea.

D．The money-raising for saving the Coral Sea.

3. Where can you most probably read this passage?

A．In a guidebook.	B．On a website.
C．In a science textbook.	D．On a TV show.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Protect the Coral Sea.

B．Protect the endangered species.

C．The Coral Sea disappears soon.

D．The Coral Sea turns a marine park.

4 . Tired of seeing so much garbage along the bank of River Schie in Rotterdam Dutch artist Tommy Kleyn decided to step up and do something about it. He alone organized a cleanup of the entire bank without leaving any garbage, proving that anyone can indeed make a difference if they want to.

Kleyn would cycle past a part of the Rotterdam riverway and see so much garbage along the bank. The situation troubled him, so he decided to spend 30 minutes every day cleaning the place up, filling one garbage bag a time. And when he posted pictures of his work on Facebook, a few of his friends volunteered to join as well. In five weeks, they had a 100 meter riverbank clean and completely rubbish-free.

Kleyn's action has received great support online, and he has managed to turn it into a small movement. He has set up a Facebook page through which he challenges people to spend 30 minutes a year to fill a garbage bag with rubbish. “It feels great and you'll make a big difference," he wrote. “People are free to share their 'before' and 'after' pictures on the page. The challenge has attracted people in countries・ The people came from as far as China to respond with their own photos and stories!"

“I want to show how easy it is to remove rubbish," he added. “Hopefully there will come a time when makers are thoughtful and their goods are no longer wrapped in layers of plastic."

Local officials praised Kleyn's work on the riverbank and helped him raise money for future projects as well. “People can sign up to help me one day a year. For this, they received a coupon, like going to a local restaurant at the lowest price. You can imagine what I've man- aged to do in 22 days, and what 22 men could do in a day. he said.

1. What happened after Kleyn posted pictures of his work on Facebook?

A．Some of his friends were forced to join him.

B．The whole riverbank was completely rubbish-free.

C．His Pictures received little attention from foreigners.

D．His work on the bank of River Schie started to pay off.

2. What do we know about Kleyn's action?

A．It has influenced many people.

B．It is opposed by local officials.

C．It is difficult for Chinese to accept.

D．It has made people stop using layers of plastic.

3. What does the underlined word "coupon” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．A job lasting 22 days.

B．A kind of plastic garbage.

C．A piece of printed discount paper.

D．A fund for supporting future projects.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．River pollution in Dutch has been solved by Tommy Kleyn.

B．A Dutch eco-hero proves that one man can make a difference・

C．Environmental protection needs support from the government・

D．Facebook plays an important role in environmental protection.

5 . There is a huge need for shark fins (鳍) in Asian countries. As a result, many sharks are caught and killed. According to reports, sharks are being killed at an shocking rate (速度) of up to 273 million worldwide every year.

Some experts predict that if the killing continues at the current rate, many shark species will be lost forever. It can be very dangerous. Sharks are very important and they should be protected.

In a study of the east coast of the United States, 11 species of sharks were eliminated from their range. Of the 14 species of ocean life that those sharks used to eat, the populations of 12 exploded and caused great damage to the ecosystem. For example, the cownose ray (鳐) population was no longer kept under control by sharks and so grew out of control. As a result, the rays destroyed the population of bay scallops (扇贝), their favorite food. The scallop fishery, which had been in good condition for over 100 years, was destroyed completely. Also, the removal of the scallops most likely had an effect on water quality as they were no longer there to perform their function (功能) of cleaning the water.

Sharks tend to eat very efficiently (高效地), going after the old, sick, or slower fish in a population, keeping that population healthy. Sharks help keep many populations of ocean life to the right size so that those prey (猎物) species don’ t do harm to the ecosystem by becoming too populated. The ocean ecosystem is made up of very complex (复杂地) food webs. For the most part, sharks are at the top of these webs and are considered by scientists to be “keystone” species, meaning that removing them may cause the whole structure to fall apart. Therefore, we should protect sharks because doing so is to protect the whole ecosystem.

1. According to the passage, in Asian, people kill sharks mainly because ________.

A．sharks are dangerous for people	B．there are too many sharks
C．shark fins are in great need	D．sharks often attack swimmers

2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “eliminated” in Paragraph 4?

A．Fed.

B．Removed.

C．Charged.

D．Protected.

3. After the number of cownose rays greatly increased, ________.

A．water quality improved as well	B．bay scallops grew out of control
C．there are more food for shark	D．the local scallop fishery was harmed

4. What can we know about sharks from Paragraph 4?

A．They can’t find enough food to feed on.

B．They never eat the old, sick or slower fish.

C．Their large populations can harm the ecosystem.

D．They play a key role in keeping the ecosystem healthy.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

People are wasting things everywhere and every day. Wherever we go, we can see that paper, bottles and cans are thrown away; food     1     (waste) just because of its poor taste; clothes are thrown around simply due to their old fashion Not only things and money are wasted, but natural resources are wasted as well.     2     (tree) are cut down merely for fuel; wildlife is killed     3     (simple) for food; coal and minerals are exploited (开采) in     4     bad way.

The worst example of man’s waste is the waste of time. Many people tend to spend their time on     5     (worth) things, such as wandering about (漫步) in the street, gossiping in the office, or     6     (sleep) too much during the day. As we know, time is so valuable to us that it never returns if it     7     (pass) by.

It is time     8     (call) for an end to waste. On the one hand, we must save natural resources and make full use of them,     9     is very important to our future; otherwise human beings will be faced with the lack of natural resources and suffer     10     pollution caused by waste. On the other hand, we must value our time. Only with our time devoted to study and work for the people will we never regret the life we have had.

7 . Some of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction (破坏)of our environment.Brown clouds, polluted water, endangered wild animals..., these problems seem so huge.

So my family does what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don’t have to drive.

But does it do any good? When I am the only one in line at the market with cloth bags, am I doing any good? Does my walking to stores make any real difference to the world?

I recently learned something about flamingos(火烈鸟)which like to get together in groups of a thousand or more Every year when the time comes for migration (迁徙), a few of them first take off from the lake. But none of the others seem to notice, so the small group returns. However, the next day they try again. This time a few more fly along with them, but most of them still pay no attention, so they return again. They try for several times. Every time a few more birds join in but ,since the thousands of others still take no notice, the great migration plan is once more stopped.

Then one day something changes. The same small group of birds once again starts flying and a small number more join in just as before, then more. Finally, they all take flight and the migration really begins. What a spectacular sight it must be--thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at once!

A few can make a difference. Even if you’re the one to take the first step, and continue trying,others will someday take notice and together we will solve even our greatest problems.

1. Where would you most probably read this passage?

A．A guidebook.	B．A movie poster.
C．An animal magazine.	D．A personal blog

2. Why does the writer use cloth bags in stores?

A．There are only cloth bags in stores.

B．All the people use cloth bags in stores.

C．He thinks plastic bags are more expensive.

D．He wants to do some good to the environment.

3. What does the underlined word “spectacular” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Disappointing.	B．Fantastic.
C．Terrible	D．Surprising

4. What's the writer's purpose of writing this article?

A．To show that the writer loves to see the migration of flamingos.

B．To tell readers to continue trying and it can make a difference.

C．To introduce a special kind of flamingo to readers.

D．To show that there' re many problems in the world.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There     1     (be) no lights in sight but the night sky glowed (发出) a dusky yellow, because the Amazon was burning. The yellow flames engulfed (吞噬) trees     2     lit up the sky. During the day, the sunshine was blocked     3     thick smoke. So far, the fire     4     (put) out.

The government has recorded 72, 843 fires. The fire is just one of     5     (they) in the Amazon, the world’s     6     (large) rainforest and a fighter against climate change. According to Brazil’s space research agency INPE, the wildfire has decreased by 17 percent so far this year compared to the same period in 2018.

Environmental     7     (group)said the policies of the government encouraged deforestation (采伐森林) of the Amazon,    8     led to more fires. But the government posted a report and wanted     9     (argue) against that. The government claimed that non-governmental organizations     10     (angry) set fire to the forest after it cut their funding.

9 . Blue Planet II's latest episode (情节) focuses on how plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastic in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowning in plastic.

Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics, plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.

We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.

And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster, worth mentioning in the same breath as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers (否认者), at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system.

This is not a problem where we don' t know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things that may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag-when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference.

1. Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science?

A．The plastics pollution research is too difficult.

B．Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.

C．Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up.

D．The world couldn't possibly function without plastics.

2. How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3?

A．By citing quotes from leading experts.	B．By making a comparison and contrast.
C．By listing examples from his own experience.	D．By presenting solid statistics.

3. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?

A．We reap what we sow.	B．The shortest answer is doing.
C．All things are difficult before they are easy.	D．Actions speak louder than words.

4. What is the main idea of the passage?

A．The oceans become choked with plastic.	B．Ocean plastic is a global issue.
C．Blue Planet II has left viewers heartbroken.	D．Plastics gain in popularity all over the world.

10 . Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.

    1    For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.    2    That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.    3    Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.

    4    On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.    5    People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.

A．We use water indirectly too.

B．Every system in our body depends on water to function.

C．It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems

D．If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.

E．Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？

F．In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.

G．In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.