1 . CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD’S ATTENTION

We have known about climate change for decades. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.

In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology.

Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly.

There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.

Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help?

1. What type of writing is this passage?

A．Argumentative writing.	B．Narrative writing.
C．Expository writing.	D．Advertising writing.

2. In which part of a newspaper or magazine may we find this passage?

A．Entertainment.	B．Economy.
C．Education.	D．Environment.

2 . REDUCING WATER POLLUTION IN THE LI RIVER

The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It attracts millions of domestic and foreign visitors each year. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river’s water quality. This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it.

Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volumeof tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river’s original beauty.

A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation. The collection and transport of household waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore, the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.

In addition, the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country. Other initiatives, such as the “River Chief System”, hold senior officials responsible for reducing water pollution. With such campaigns in effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.

Paragraph 1	Paragraph 2	Paragraph 3	Paragraph 4
Introducing the topic	Describing the    1	Presenting some     2	Presenting further     3

4 . 假定你是李华, 英语口语社下周要举行“Let’s Go for Cycling”为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛。内容包括：
1. 骑行的好处；
2. 呼吁同学参与。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯注意。
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6 . 假如你是校学生会成员李华，为号召大家积极参与节约用水活动，请你代表学生会发出一份倡议书，内容包括：
(1)发出倡议的原因和目的；
(2)浪费用水的现象和节约用水的方法；
(3)发出倡议。
注意：
(1)词数100左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear schoolmates,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Student Union

7 . 假定你是李华，你校将举办以“Protect Wild Animals”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语演讲稿。内容包括：
1. 野生动物的现状；
2. 保护建议；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning everyone!

It is my great honor to stand here to give a speech .

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you!

8 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event     1     (aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First     2     (celebrate) in 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions. No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with     3     (local) grown vegetables, or save power — the possibilities are endless.

10 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What are the speakers talking about?

A．Environment protection.

B．Public transportation.

C．A birthday party.

2. How does the man usually go to work?

A．By bus.

B．By car.

C．By bike.