请根据海报内容及以下要点写一份倡议书。
1.环保是我们中学生义不容辞的责任；
2.我们应该养成这些环保习惯；
3.让我们人人都为地球母亲尽一份绵薄之力吧！
注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2.词数：不少于100词。
Dear friends,
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Thank you!
The Students’ Union
2 . A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to cleanup floating (浮动的) plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device (设备) to trap plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans.
Boyan Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also founded an environmental group called “The Ocean Cleanup”. Its purpose is to develop the system. Last year, Slat showed the next step: a floating device which is called Interceptor. It removes plastic out of rivers. The device is powered by energy from the sun. “The 1,000 rivers are responsible for about 80% of plastic going into the world’s oceans,” said Slat. Three of the machines have already been used. Each machine costs about $775, 660, but the cost might drop as production increases.
Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers. According to Slat, it is necessary to close “the tap”, which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place. He wanted to clean them all in the next five years. “This is not going to be easy, but if we do get this done, we could truly make our oceans again, ”said Slat.
The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things. It works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in the front of the device. The waste is then carried inside the machine where it is dropped into containers. The devices ends a text message to local operators that can come and empty it when it is full.
1. What do we know about Interceptor?| A．It needs solar power to work. | B．It is mainly used in the oceans. |
| C．It is being under test. | D．It can help sort waste. |
| A．The waste. | B．The oceans. |
| C．The machines. | D．The rivers. |
| A．To ensure the device’s safety. | B．To send operators text messages. |
| C．To empty the waste. | D．To serve as containers. |
| A．A novel. | B．A magazine. |
| C．A diary. | D．A guidebook. |
3 . The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the shore hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we stay here.
Tibetan antelopes live mainly on the plains of Tibet. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty. I'm also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted illegally for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a safe place for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We're not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we're trying to save ourselves.”
In the 1980s and 1990s the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money. Their living places were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save Tibetan antelopes, the Chinese government placed them under national protection. Zhaxi and volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection program since the threat to the Tibetan antelope has not yet disappeared. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
1. What can we learn from Zhaxi's words in paragraph 3?| A．Protecting the animals can make money. | B．Protecting the animals is protecting ourselves. |
| C．He is not fond of protecting the animals. | D．The reserve is only safe for wild animals. |
| A．Why hunters hunt Tibetan antelopes. | B．Why antelopes' living places changed. |
| C．Why antelopes' number dropped greatly. | D．Why the 1980s and the 1990s are unusual. |
| A．Deleted. | B．Changed. | C．Migrated. | D．Recognized. |
| A．They will be over-populated. |
| B．They will be a threat to man and other wildlife. |
| C．They will be on the endangered species list again. |
| D．They will be in harmony with nature and humans. |
4 . Ever wonder why there are so many people polluting the earth? Ever say to yourself： Hey, I wish that I could do more to help the environment? Have you ever thought about trying to help the earth but never really did it? Well, here are some pretty easy and skillful ideas for that green - earth desire inside you.
●Turn off your computer. By leaving it on all day you are creating more CO2 than a regular passenger would, driving to and from work in one day.
● Ride your bike or carpool (合用汽车).Obviously, you are creating less CO2 which will help the ozone(臭氧).
● Make a garden. Even simply grow some plants in your kitchen, which will help produce more oxygen while eating up some of that evil CO2.
● Buy local groceries. It creates less impact on the environment. Besides, you're supporting your local farmers.
● Recycle. You had to see this coming. But you have no idea how much you are helping the environment by simply reusing a water bottle instead of buying a huge pack at the store.
● Don't run the water while brushing. It saves you money and helps the water resources.
● Open the curtains. Natural light is much prettier and it will keep the energy usage down.
● Rechargeable batteries. You have no idea how much it takes to get rid of batteries. Do yourself a favor. Save some money and some energy.
1. If you don't want to create more CO2, you may_______.| A．turn off your computer or open the curtains |
| B．turn off your computer or ride your bike or carpool |
| C．make a garden or open the curtains |
| D．use rechargeable batteries or make a garden |
| A．Main body. | B．Argument. |
| C．Lead - in. | D．Conclusion. |
| A．the importance of environmental protection |
| B．some ways about how to prevent pollution |
| C．some suggestions about how to save energy |
| D．some suggestions about environmental protection |
5 . Wasting things is a nightmare (噩梦) for the environment, especially food waste, which does double harm to the environment. A plenty of resources go into the food and the food system also produces lots of greenhouse gases and pollution.
In our homes, restaurants, and food shops, 17 percent of all our food is thrown away—that’s about a sixth of all of the food we have. If you add on the food lost in production, about a third of all food produced never reaches a mouth. At the same time, nearly 700 million people were affected by hunger in 2019, while 3 billion still struggle to afford healthy food. It is mostly households that are to blame: 11 percent of the food ends up in the trash of our homes, compared to a mere 5 and 2 percent from stores and restaurants.
The reasons why food goes to waste are probably familiar to you: dinner party leftovers that never get eaten, food going bad before you cook it, or simply confusion over sell-by and use-by dates that leads to totally fine food ending up in the garbage.
The UN aims to cut food waste in half at the consumer and sale levels by late 2022. Luckily, there’s actually a lot we can do as individuals and governments can make policies to help people and the environment a lot. For individuals, something important is being more thoughtful and prepared when going to the grocery store. Make a list of meals you want to cook, and then only buy fresh produce that you will 100 percent be eating in the next few days. In social aspect, improving education on how to preserve food and understand tricky labels (标签), encouraging food recycling and pushing companies to sell smaller quantities of healthy, fresh food for one or two people could all play a helpful role in bringing down the massive pile of eatable waste.
1. Which of the following contributes most to food waste?| A．Food shops. | B．Restaurants. | C．Households. | D．Food production. |
| A．People eat less than before. | B．The food price is low. |
| C．Food spoils easily during the summer. | D．People are confused about the shelf life of food. |
| A．Grocery stores should supply limited food. |
| B．People should raise their awareness of food conservation. |
| C．Everyone should consume as little food as possible. |
| D．Governments should distribute food resources fairly. |
| A．Health. | B．Fashion. | C．Environment. | D．Science. |
6 . Modeste Traore has lived his whole life near Lake Wegnia, in the Sahel area of Mali. The lake’s fish have provided him with a way to earn money to support his extended family. How-ever, because he can’t catch enough fish to feed his family, he now raises farm animals. But as temperatures rise, evaporation increases, making the body of water shrinks. Studies have linked rising temperatures on Earth’s surface to climate change.
The lake is shrinking, so are the chances of his children becoming fishermen. “If things go on like this, I don’t think our children can become fishermen like us. They will have to choose other jobs,” the 56-year-old Traore said. “During the rainy season, there is a lot of water but as soon as it’s over, there is no water left in the lake. We are fishermen. I don’t think our children will be,” he said.
Lake Wegnia is in the Sahel region of Koulikoro, around 120 kilometers north of Mali’s capital, Bamako. Some 12,000 people, including fishermen and farmers, depend on it for food, water and employment. But the lake has shrunk by 20 percent since 2017.
The UN expects temperatures there to increase 1.5 times higher than the average increase worldwide. UN officials note that the flooding and a severe lack of rainfall can cause problems in the Sahel: Food insecurity, the fight over farmland and the fast population growth can lead to conflict.
Aid group is leading the Eco-Lac Wegnia project. The group is working to improve water management and fight the effects of global warming. Moussa Savagodo is Eco-Lac Wegnia’s local representative. He says that failing to make changes quickly can mean the lake will disappear completely in less than 5 years.
People in the rural areas Wegnia and Kononi-Sirakoro have planted 56,000 trees in the past two years. And they are better controlling their water by building stone barriers to help the soil keep the rain that does fall. The progress and international official support are not enough for them, however. More and more people are turning to other agriculture.
1. How did Traore work to support his family in the past?| A．By fishing. | B．By raising farm animals. |
| C．By taking charge of the lake. | D．By working as an environmentalist. |
| A．A lot of farmland will form. |
| B．The rainy season will end early. |
| C．Many fishermen will flee their homes. |
| D．The later generation will change their careers. |
| A．Drought and flood will directly cause conflict. |
| B．Reducing population is a way to protect the lake. |
| C．Water management makes no difference to the lake. |
| D．The rise in temperature will cause water resource problems. |
| A．The local officials. | B．The Aid group members. |
| C．The villagers. | D．The representatives. |
7 . As climate change affects the planet, the world is turning to seaweed (海草)as a possible settlement and play a huge role in fighting climate change. It is used to create natural fuel and renewable plastics. It helps improve oceanic ecosystems.
People think of forests as the best defense(防护)against climate change. But some researchers say seaweed is a better settlement. Unlike trees, seaweed doesn't need fertilizers or fresh water. It grows faster than trees do. And it doesn't require any land. Most importantly, it absorbs carbon from the environment.
Seaweed could also become a key global food source. Many worry about the environmental influence of eating meat. Could seaweed farms provide enough protein for the world? Carlos Duarte, a professor of oceanic ecology thinks so. When you look at how we are going to feed the world population by 2050, in a way that doesn't harm the environment, there is only one pathway," he says. "Seaweed fanning."
In the past decade or so, global seaweed production has doubled. In British Columbia, seaweed farming becoming popular. For thousands of years, First Nations people, the native people of Canada, have farmed on land and in the ocean. Seaweed farming helps them create economies of their own that agree with their traditions. Their role has always been to connect with the land and repair it.
Seaweed might fight climate change but it isn't without risks. If it isn't harvested, it can go bad and give off carbon back into the air or water. Growing too much of it could also affect the amount of light that reaches species living deeper in the water. That would be dangerous for underwater ecosystems. So some scientists think seaweed can be a part of the settlement to climate change, but it's not a perfect one on its own.
1. What is an advantage of seaweed in fighting climate change compared with trees?| A．Growing taller. | B．Using fewer resources. |
| C．Living longer. | D．Absorbing more carbon. |
| A．Unclear. | B．Doubtful. | C．Uncaring. | D．Supportive. |
| A．First Nations people have changed their traditions. |
| B．Seaweed farming has its origin in British Columbia. |
| C．Seaweed farming isn't risk-free for the environment. |
| D．Global seaweed production has been less in recent years. |
| A．Seaweed Farming for Food | B．Seaweed Production in the World |
| C．Seaweed Creating Natural Fuel | D．Seaweed in Environmental Protection |
8 . Ecotourism has become increasingly popular in recent years.Travelers visit natural environments funding conservation efforts or promoting local economies.In many cases, ecotourism involves close interaction with wildlife.
Now, scientists have analyzed more than 100 research studies on how ecotourism affects wild animals.They find the presence of humans changes the way animals behave, and those changes may put them at risk.Therefore, they have concluded that such trips can be harmful to the animals.
When animals interact in seemingly kind ways with humans, they may let down their guard.As animals learn to relax in the presence of humans, they may become bolder in other situations.If this transfers to their interactions with predators (捕食者), they are more likely to be injured or killed.
The presence of humans can also discourage natural predators.It creates a kind of safe place for smaller animals that may make them bolder.For example, in Grand Teton National Park, elk and pronghorns in areas with more tourists are less watchful and spend more time eating.
Interacting with people can cause great changes in the characteristics of various species over time.“If animals become accustomed to tourists, we might create unintended consequences — affecting the behavior or population of a species and influencing the species’ function in its community,” the researchers write.
Ecotourism has effects similar to those of animal domestication (驯养) and urbanization.Research has shown that domesticated silver foxes become more obedient and less fearful.Fox squirrels and birds that live in urbanized areas are slower to flee from danger.The phenomena result from evolutionary changes, but also from regular interactions with humans.
Scientists hope the new analysis will encourage more research into the interactions between people and wildlife.It is essential to develop further understanding of how various species in various situations respond to human interaction and under what conditions human exposure may place them at risk.
1. We can learn from the passage that ___________.| A．ecotourism causes damage to the natural homes of wildlife |
| B．it is easy for eco-tourists to build up trust with wild animals |
| C．the effects brought by ecotourism may be harmful to the animals |
| D．wildlife interactions with humans strengthen their function in community |
| A．shyer | B．braver | C．wiser | D．swifter |
| A．wild animals become more relaxed due to evolution |
| B．animals’ reactions to humans vary from species to species |
| C．smaller animals tend to be in harmony with natural predators |
| D．the presence of humans reduces their awareness of potential danger |
| A．Ecotourism Can Put Wild Animals at Risk |
| B．Ecotourism Has Become A Popular Trend |
| C．Wildlife’s Reactions to Human Activities |
| D．Latest Research Findings on Ecotourism |
1. 野生动植物的现状；
2. 分析造成许多野生动植物濒临灭绝的原因；
3. 提出几条保护野生动植物的具体措施。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 不可遗漏要点，可适当增加细节；
3. 书写要干净、工整；
4. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,I’m writing to give some suggestions to protect the wildlife living in and around our city.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
