1 . Directions: Write an English composition in at least 100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的学生李明，从最近做的一项调查中你发现：由于动物产品市场的火爆，非法狩猎的频率正在飞速地上升。因此，现在每年都有将近40种动物灭绝。震惊于这一发现。请你给世界动物保护协会(World Animal Protection)写一封电子邮件。
内容包括：
1. 简要说明调查结果及写信目的；
2. 分析动物灭绝的后果；
3. 给出制止非法狩猎的建议。
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3 . Directions: Write an English composition in at least 100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
请简单描述这则刊登在China Daily上保护穿山甲（pangolin）的公益广告，谈谈你的感想。

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5 . China and India _________ the Greening of Earth

Over the last two decades, the Earth has seen an increase in foliage (植物的枝叶) around the planet, _________ in average leaf area per year on plants and trees. Data from NASA satellites shows that China and India — two _________ economies with the world’s biggest populations — are leading the increase in greening on land. The effect comes mostly from ambitious tree-planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.

Researchers from Boston University found that global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s, an area _________ to the entire Amazon rainforest. The study was also published in the journal Nature Sustainability on February 11. It revealed that at least 25 percent of the global foliage _________ this century came in China.

“China and India _________ one-third of the greening, but contain only nine percent of the planet’s land area covered in vegetation — a(n) _________ finding, considering the general notion of land degradation in populous countries from overexploitation,” said Chi Chen of the Department of Earth and Environment at Boston University and lead author of the study.

China’s tremendous contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to _________ and expand forests, which is about 42 percent of the greening contribution. These programs were developed in an effort to _________ the effects of soil erosion, air pollution and climate change.

Another 32 percent of the greening change in China, and 82 percent in India, resulted from __________ cultivation of food crops. Land area used to grow crops in China and India has not changed much since the early 2000s. Yet these regions have greatly increased both their annual total green leaf area and their food production to __________ their large populations.

Rama Nemani, a research scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Center, saw a positive message in the new findings. “Once people realize there is a problem, they __________ to fix it,” he said. “In the 1970s and 80s in India and China, the situation around vegetation loss was __________. In the 1990s, people realized it, and today things have improved. Humans are incredibly resilient. That’s what we see in the satellite data.”

__________, the researchers rang bells as well. They pointed out that the gain in global greenness did not __________ offset the loss of natural vegetation in tropical regions like Brazil and Indonesia.

1.

A．Admire

B．Challenge

C．Dominate

D．Overlook

2.

A．measured

B．inhabited

C．explored

D．compared

3.

A．shrinking

B．emerging

C．invading

D．declining

4.

A．equivalent

B．inferior

C．relevant

D．opposite

5.

A．solution

B．transformation

C．creation

D．expansion

6.

A．put away

B．account for

C．run out of

D．take in

7.

A．rare

B．interesting

C．surprising

D．accidental

8.

A．preserve

B．reserve

C．reverse

D．persevere

9.

A．highlight

B．reveal

C．investigate

D．reduce

10.

A．radical

B．extensive

C．intensive

D．dramatic

11.

A．feed

B．control

C．accommodate

D．employ

12.

A．claim

B．hesitate

C．pretend

D．tend

13.

A．marvelous

B．worrisome

C．positive

D．offensive

14.

A．However

B．Hence

C．Furthermore

D．Otherwise

15.

A．consequently

B．unfortunately

C．necessarily

D．particularly

6 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Ask someone what he has done to help the environment, and he will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling around the home is, of course, very important. However,     1    (force) to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better     2     we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.

The total amount of packaging increased     3     12 percent between 1999 and 2005. A large number of companies believe that they can attract customers’ attention and stimulate their purchasing desire by over-packaging their goods, thus     4    (gain) more profits.

Too much packaging is doing damage to the environment. If such packaging     5    (burn), it will give off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps,     6     the process itself uses energy. The solution is to stop producing such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. Fortunately, a few of them are coming round to the idea     7     this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.

Yet this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that     8     without packaging is of poor quality. This is especially true of food, but it applies to a wide range of consumer products,     9     often have far more packaging than necessary.

There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. However, despite the ongoing campaigns     10    (promote) consumers’ green awareness, we still have a long way to go.

7 . Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and ________ of consumer demands for environment friendly products have ________ the pollution problem. One ________ is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of.

________, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. ________ they buy a product, they ask questions like these: “Will this shampoo damage the environment?” “Can this metal container be ________ or can it only be used once?”

A recent study showed that two ________ five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it. This means that companies must now change the ________ they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green,” that is, friendly to the environment.

Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products ________ labels to show that the product is green. Some companies emphasize that their products are clean and safe in their advertising and have made it their main selling ________.

The ________ for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink ________ they do business. No longer will the public accept the old ________ of “Buy it, use it, throw it away and forget it.” The public ________ is still here, and companies are ________ their act gradually.

1.

A．part

B．lack

C．lots

D．varieties

2.

A．applied to

B．contributed to

C．exposed to

D．devoted to

3.

A．possibility

B．chance

C．result

D．effect

4.

A．Therefore

B．Furthermore

C．Similarly

D．However

5.

A．After

B．Though

C．Before

D．Unless

6.

A．reused

B．safe

C．friendly

D．returned

7.

A．of

B．on

C．from

D．out of

8.

A．rhyme

B．way

C．section

D．branch

9.

A．carry

B．take

C．include

D．make

10.

A．advantage

B．technique

C．point

D．attraction

11.

A．concern

B．hope

C．care

D．plan

12.

A．what

B．how

C．whether

D．when

13.

A．saying

B．trust

C．attitude

D．fashion

14.

A．pressure

B．pleasure

C．discussion

D．interest

15.

A．enlarging

B．sharing

C．cleaning

D．improving

8 . After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Joaquin Phoenix took home the best-actor Oscar on Sunday night for his role in “Joker”. In the following lengthy and wide-ranging speech, the actor, 45, tackled issues of equality and nature preservation.

Read the transcript below:

I’m full of so much gratitude right now. I do not feel     1    (elevate) above any of my fellow nominees (被提名者), or anyone in this room, because we share the same love: The love of film. But I think the greatest gift it     2    (give) me, and many of us in this room, is the opportunity to use our voice for the voiceless. And this form of expression has given me the most extraordinary life. I don’t know     3    I’d be like without it.

I’ve been thinking a lot about some of the distressing issues that we are     4    (face)collectively, and I think at times we’re made to feel that we champion different causes. But for me, I see commonality. I think whether we’re talking about gender inequality or racism or animal rights, we’re talking about the fight against injustice. We’re talking about the campaign     5    the belief that one nation, one race, one gender or one species has the right     6    (dominate), control, and exploit another without punishment.

I think that we’ve become very disconnected from the natural world, and what we’re guilty of is a self-centered world view     7    we’re the center of the universe. And I think we fear the idea of personal change because we think that we have to sacrifice something. But human beings, at our best, are so inventive and creative and original. And I think that     8    we use love and compassion as our guiding principles, we can create, and implement systems of change     9    are beneficial to all sentient beings and to the environment.

I was a villain in my life. I was selfish. I was cruel at times, hard to work with, and I’m grateful that I have been given a second chance     10    the many of you in this room.

9 . Is Your Diet Destroying the Environment?

A vegetarian diet is often praised for its health benefits. Studies have shown that vegetarians usually have lower levels of heart disease and a lower risk of diabetes than people who eat meat. What most people are less aware of, however, are the effects that a vegetarian diet can have on the environment.

Researchers from the Union of Concerned Scientists in the US recently studied how consumer behavior affects the environment. The study showed that meat consumption is one of the main ways that humans can damage the environment, second only to the use of motor vehicle.

Then,how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment? For a start, all farm animals such as cows, pigs, and sheep give off methane(沼气)gas by expelling(排出)wind from their bodies. One cow can produce up to 60 liters of methane each day. Methane gas is the second most common greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Many environmental experts now believe that it is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that 25% of all methane released into the atmosphere comes from farm animals.

Another way that meat production affects the environment is through the use of water and land. 2,500 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef, whereas 20 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of wheat. One acre of farmland used for crop production can produce 40,000 pounds of potatoes, 30,000 pounds of carrots, or 50,000 pounds of tomatoes.

Many people now see the benefits of switching to a vegetarian diet, not just for health reasons, but also because it plays a vital role in protecting the environment. However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian, or vegan diet. They believe a vegan diet, which excludes all products from animal sources, such as cheese, eggs, and milk, can be short of many necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need.

Today, many people know it’s important to take better care of their bodies and to use the earth’s resources more efficiently. As this understanding spreads, more people may realize that to help the environment and for the human race to survive, more of us will need to become vegetarians.

1. The underlined word “it” in Para.3 refers to ________.

A．methane gas	B．carbon dioxide
C．expelling wind	D．greenhouse gas

2. Many figures are used in Para.4 to show ________.

A．growing tomatoes has the highest production

B．crop production is better than meat production

C．meat production consumes too much water and land

D．farm animals are the main producer of the methane gas

3. Which of the statement is TRUE according to the article?

A．Doctors suggest switching to totally vegetarian diets.

B．It takes more water and land to produce a kilo of crops.

C．Farm animals give off methane gas and pollute the environment.

D．Carbon dioxide is more responsible for global warming than methane gas.

4. What message does the passage want to convey?

A．Our diet is destroying the surroundings.

B．Raising farm animals affects the environment.

C．A vegetarian diet helps to protect the environment.

D．More and more people are becoming strict vegetarians.

10 . “The sun isn’t even out. You get up, button your uniform, tie your boot laces, and kiss your family goodbye. You close your eyes and take a moment to make peace with the reality that you may never see them again.” This is the daily routine of a ranger (护林员).

Globally, about 150 rangers die each year protecting parks and wildlife, according to the Thin Green Line Foundation. In recent years, the number of rangers lost is likely to increase as the COVID-19 pandemic has a bad effect — both in terms of rangers catching the disease and in carrying out their duties.

On July 31, World Ranger Day, the Global Wildlife Program (GWP), funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF), would like to honor the bravery and determination of all rangers by sharing their stories.

Patience Tsitsi Shumbayaonda has been a ranger with Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority (ZimParks) for several years. She and her colleagues patrol (巡逻) in conservation areas to strengthen biodiversity and ecosystems management in the Mid- and Lower Zambezi Valley in Zimbabwe.

“Being a ranger is physically demanding,” with a typical day involving patrolling protected areas, watching and checking for illegal activities, tracking poachers (偷猎者), keeping track of available water in water bodies, fire management, looking for animals in trouble, and helping communities address human-wildlife conflict.

“Our job is not only to protect the animals from the people, but also the people from animals,” she said, “We do come face to face with dangerous animals but if we keep our distance from them, they will go away. I think somehow, they feel our positive energy and do not attack us.”

“It’s not our duty only as rangers to look after wildlife, but it is everyone’s task — as communities, as nations, and globally. I hope that the illegal trade of endangered species is stopped and that people value wildlife as we rangers do, such that we live in harmony with nature.”

1. What is the major function of the first paragraph?

A．To introduce the topic.	B．To arouse readers’ interest.
C．To state the author’s viewpoint.	D．To provide a brief summary of the whole passage.

2. Why was the World Ranger Day founded?

A．To raise the awareness of environmental protection.

B．To encourage the common people to look after wildlife.

C．To let people know the troubles the rangers meet with.

D．To show respect for the courage and willpower of the rangers.

3. All of the following are the rangers’ responsibilities except ________.

A．keeping track of hunters	B．preventing forest fires
C．protecting wild animals	D．dealing with conflicts among people

4. From the last paragraph we can learn that ________.

A．poaching is allowed in some countries	B．wild animals are likely to attack rangers
C．we all have a responsibility to protect wildlife	D．it’s only rangers’ duty to protect endangered species