1 . Mass public participation in afforestation efforts takes root. Zheng Jinran and Yuan Hui report from Chifeng, Inner Mongolia autonomous region.

In the Tengger Desert last month, yellow sand danced on the breeze and a profusion of sweetvetch（甜豆）swung its green leaves.

"In summer, you can see an amazing flower ocean when the plants bloom with their small pink, yellow or purplish petals," said Liang Cunxin, from Alshaa Left Banner, Inner Mongolia autonomous region.

"The enduring vitality of such plants on the barren land is astonishing," said the 53-year-old, whose family lived in the area for decades but was forced to relocate in 2007 as a result of desert encroachment.

"The government encouraged us to plant saxaul and little-leaf pea shrubs, which are commonly used to fix dunes in deserts, but the survival rate was unsatisfactory so we switched to this plant, and it has worked," he said.

The Tengger covers about 43,000 square kilometers in Inner Mongolia and Gansu province, making it China's fourth-largest arid area.

More than 2 million sweetvetch shrubs have been planted since 2017, and the hardy perennial has gradually covered more than 33 sq km of desert, Liang added.

Like Liang's family and their peers, about 400 million people from 30 provinces and regions have been affected by desertification, which by 2019 had covered a combined area of 1.68 million sq km, or 17.58 percent of China's total land area, according to data from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.

假设你是李华，校英文报记者，看到以上这条关于造林成功的新闻报道，你给校报写了与此相关的英文报道，内容包括：
⑴ 概述新闻报道；
⑵ 你的感受；
⑶ 呼吁大家参与。
注意： 词数80左右
必须依据以上新闻报道来写。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2 . 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I never grasped the importance of conserving and protecting nature and wildlife, but five months was all it took to turn my indifference into a passion that has changed the track of my life.

Early last year, I was lost and troubled by an anxiety that crippled (削弱) my ability to do anything, even those I loved. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My pursuit of perfection was the main root of this: I wanted to be the best at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible. My perfectionism has always been with me. My time in a small junior school made it easy for me to rise to the top. Upon entering a bigger senior school, though, my pursuit of perfection was far from accessible. Perfectionism in small amounts is brilliant, however in overwhelming doses it can be damaging.

One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. Luckily, as a member of the Environmental Society, I was invited to join a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.

First, an application to join the Youth For Our Planet and UK Youth For Nature groups was sent around through my high school. I decided to submit my application, and soon I found myself a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature and creating climate solutions. Later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Five months later, I found myself a group leader in the conference.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Each of these steps continued to grow my confidence.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3 . Today, you can buy a pair of sneakers (运动鞋) partially made from carbon dioxide pulled out of the atmosphere. But measuring the carbon-reduction benefits of making that pair of sneakers with carbon dioxide is complex. There’s the carbon dioxide that stayed in the ground, a definite carbon reduction. But what about the energy cost of cooling the carbon dioxide into liquid form and transporting it to a production facility? And what about when your kid outgrows the shoes in six months and they can’t be recycled into a new product because those systems aren’t in place yet?

Researchers are trying to help companies figure out how to account for each step in a product’s life.

As companies try to reduce their carbon footprint, many are doing life cycle assessments to measure the full carbon cost of products, from the obtaining of materials to energy use in manufacturing, from product transport to users’ behavior and end-of-life disposal (处理). It’s an impressively complex measurement, but such bean-counting is needed to hold the planet to a livable temperature, says low-carbon systems expert Andrea Ramirez Ramirez of the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands.

Carbon use can be reduced at many points along the production chain—by using renewable energy in the manufacturing process, for instance, or by adding atmospheric carbon dioxide to the product. But if other points along the chain like transporting consume more energy or give off more carbon dioxide, Andrea notes, the final record may show a decrease rather than a reduction. A product is carbon-reduction only when its production actually removes carbon from the environment, temporarily or permanently.

In the rush to create products that can fight climate change, however, some companies have been charged with “greenwashing”—making products appear more environmentally friendly than they really are. Examples include labeling (用标签表明) plastic garbage bags as recyclable when their whole purpose is to be thrown away; using labels such as “eco-friendly” or “100% Natural” without official certification; and claiming a better carbon footprint without acknowledging the existence of even better choices.

1. How does the author lead in the topic of the text?

A．By listing specific figures.	B．By putting up questions.
C．By referring to documents.	D．By offering some solutions.

2. What does Andrea think of measuring the carbon cost of products?

A．Difficult but meaningful.	B．Expensive but promising.
C．Energy-saving and affordable.	D．Time-consuming and valueless.

3. What can be defined as reducing carbon use in the production chain?

A．Using renewable energy in production.

B．Changing carbon dioxide into material.

C．Reducing carbon footprint in products’ life.

D．Cutting down carbon dioxide in transporting.

4. What can we know from the last paragraph?

A．Companies are sparing no efforts to reduce carbon use.

B．Plastic garbage bags must be labeled as “eco-friendly”.

C．Most products are less environmentally friendly than before.

D．There is a long way to cut some companies’ ”greenwashing“.

5 . Climate experts have warned about the many ways a warming planet can negatively affect human health. ________ global temperatures are predicted to increase by 1.5℃ by the 2030s, that risk is becoming increasingly real.

One long-held prediction that appears to be coming true — according to the results of a study recently published in Nature Scientific Reports — is how climate change might enhance ________ of bacteria that thrive and spread through warm sea waters and cause an infection with a particularly high ________ rate.

Vibrio vulnificus (创伤弧菌) flourishes in salty or brackish waters above 68℉. Infections are currently rare in the U.S., but that’s likely to change. Using 30 years of data on infections, scientists at the University of East Anglia in the U.K. found that Vibrio vulnificusis ________ from its historic Gulf Coast range, with more Northern states reporting infections as waters become warmer.

“We’re seeing the core ________ of infections extending to areas that traditionally have very few and very rare cases,” says Elizabeth Archer, a Ph.D. researcher and ________ author of the study. “But these areas are now coming into the main area of infections.”

Based on the latest data on how much the world’s water and air temperatures will rise, the scientists predict that by 2081, Vibrio vulnificus infections could reach every state along the U.S. East Coast. Currently, only about 80 cases are reported in the U.S. each year; by 2081, that could go up to over three-fold, the authors say.

Such a proliferation could have serious health consequences. Vibrio vulnificus kills approximately 20% of the healthy people it infects, and 50% of those with weakened immune systems. There is little evidence that antibiotics can ________ the infection, but doctors may prescribe them in some cases. People can get infected either by eating raw shellfish like oysters or by exposing small ________ to waters where the bacteria live, which can lead to serious skin infections.

Warming sea temperatures aren’t the only reasons behind the rise of Vibrio vulnificus. Hotter air also draws more people to the coasts and bays, bringing them into closer contact with the bacteria.

“The bacteria are part of the natural marine environment, so I don’t think we can ________ it from the environment,” says Archer. “It’s more about mitigating infections by increasing ________ of the risk.”

To alert people to the growing threat, ________ systems are needed to track when concentrations of bacteria start to rise, similar to currently available pollen and pollution alarm.

Vbrio vulnificus is so ________ to temperature changes that concentrations could bloom after even a day of warmer water, so consistent monitoring and alerts are critical, says Iain Lake, professor of environmental epidemiology at University of East Anglia and senior author of the paper.

Lake says the expansion of Vibrio vulnificus is concerning for public health since the bacteria are now invading waters closer to heavily ________ areas, such as New York and Philadelphia. “Everyone can get a Vibrio vulnificus infection,” he says. “But the more ________ there is between warmer waters and people, the more the bacteria can move into populations ________ the elderly and those with other health conditions, who are more vulnerable to infections.”

1.

A．Even if

B．Except when

C．The instant

D．In case

2.

A．numbers

B．ranges

C．coverages

D．concentrations

3.

A．failure

B．fatality

C．survival

D．acid

4.

A．ranging

B．varying

C．expanding

D．shifting

5.

A．distribution

B．launch

C．community

D．sample

6.

A．principle

B．lead

C．principal

D．hit

7.

A．boost

B．accelerate

C．contain

D．remove

8.

A．harms

B．damages

C．injuries

D．wounds

9.

A．relieve

B．dissolve

C．resolve

D．erase

10.

A．conscience

B．awareness

C．panic

D．alert

11.

A．monitoring

B．processing

C．managing

D．delivering

12.

A．sensible

B．vital

C．vulnerable

D．sensitive

13.

A．populated

B．dense

C．paralleled

D．bordered

14.

A．reaction

B．interaction

C．intervention

D．relativity

15.

A．rather than

B．except for

C．such as

D．other than

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

This year, August 15th marked China’s first National Ecology Day,    1    aims to raise awareness of environmental protection and address unlawful activities and safeguard the development of forestry and grassland resource    2    law.

The establishment of National Ecology Day will enhance ecological understanding among the public and help the nation    3    (well) participate in global environment and climate governance.

The move     4    (see) as part of China’s efforts to build an ecological civilization, a concept that glorifies balanced and sustainable development and harmonious coexistence between    5    (human) and nature    6    promotes the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

China’s laws and administrative regulations    7    (involve) the environment and ecology,    8    (base) on what environmental difficulties villagers are eager to solve and what ecological measures should be taken urgently from their opinions, have laid a solid legislative (立法的) foundation for the ecological civilization.

    9    makes Aug. 15 special is that on that day in 2005, the concept of “lucid waters and lush mountains” was first put forward, being    10    (value) assets.

9 . The Power of Small: How Smaller Organizations Can Make a Difference in the Environment

Corporate social responsibility initiatives are in the consciousness of most large, medium-sized or small organizations.

    1     As part of their corporate social responsibility initiatives, companies often take part in adopt-a-tree activities, wherein employees either actively participate in the tree planting campaigns, or trees are adopted and taken care of on behalf of employees, or even as corporate gifts.

In addition to other environmental initiatives, businesses can also foster environmentally sustainable work practices to contribute to the environment actively and consciously. This is something that businesses of any size, small or big, can adopt.     2     In order to do this, businesses can work towards streamlining their manufacturing processes. Production efforts in particular could be reworked in a way that uses fewer materials, or they are extracted and used in a way that significantly reduces the impact of those existing processes on the environment.

While smaller organizations face different challenges both from business, as well as operations point of view, efforts for ecological conservation or preserving environmental health don’t have to be restricted to larger firms only.

Helping the environment does not have to be expensive, even if it is done on a corporate scale! While larger organizations do their bit for environment conservation, small businesses need not be far behind. Each one can promote healthy environmental practices and suggest improvements in the workplace while fostering an attitude that understands climate change, its impacts, and actively works towards eradicating them.     3    

Programmes that help the environment, which small businesses could partake in, could range from even something as small to understanding basic waste and garbage, to actively participating in cleaning drives.     4    

A．EcoMatcher is one such organization that encourages companies to promote corporate tree planting and promote tree gifting as rewards.

B．Regardless of the service or product offered by an organization, they can adopt sustainable development goals and targets.

C．Adopt-a-tree programmes are growing in popularity as the world becomes increasingly cognizant of the ill effects of rapidly increasing climate change.

D．Businesses can make a positive environmental impact in many ways.

E．No gesture is too small to help the environment; it is by the combination of many such small gestures that a significant impact is made.

F．This practice not only creates a positive environment but makes it easier for employees engaged in the job of waste segregation to feel involved.

10 . Climate Change: Yes, Your Individual Action Does Make a Difference

What can we do in the face of the climate emergency? Many say we should drive less, fly less, eat less meat. But others argue that personal actions like these are a pointless drop in the ocean when _____ the huge systemic changes that are required to prevent _____ global warming.

It’s a debate that has been raging for decades. _____ , in terms of global greenhouse gas emissions, a single person’s contribution is basically irrelevant (much like a single vote in an election). But my research, first in my masters and now as part of my PhD, has found that doing something bold like giving up flying can have a wider _____ effect by influencing others and shifting what’s viewed as “normal”.

In a survey I _____ , half of the respondents who knew someone who had given up flying because of climate change said they flew less because of this example. That alone seemed pretty impressive to me. Furthermore, around three quarters said it had changed their _____ towards flying and climate change in some way. These effects were _____ if a high-profile person had given up flying, such as an academic or someone in the public eye. _____ , around two thirds said they flew less because of this person, and only 7% said it had not affected their attitudes.

I wondered if these impressionable people were already behaving like squeaky-clean environmentalists, but the _____ suggested not. The survey respondents fly considerably more than average, meaning they have plenty of potential to fly less because of someone else’s example.

To explore people’s ______ , I interviewed some of those who had been influenced by a “non-flyer”. They explained that the bold and unusual position to give up flying had conveyed the seriousness of climate change and flying’s contribution to it; ______ the link between values and actions; and even reduced feelings of isolation that flying less was a ______ and sensible response to climate change. They said that “commitment” and “expertise” were the most influential qualities of the person who had stopped flying.

That people are influenced by others is ______ a shocking result. Psychology researchers have spent decades amassing evidence about the powerful effects of social influence, while cultural evolution theory suggests we may have evolved to follow the example of those in prestigious positions because it helped us ______ . Pick up any book on leadership in an airport shopping mall and it will likely ______ the importance of leading by example.

1.

A．set down

B．set against

C．set aside

D．set apart

2.

A．puzzling

B．terrifying

C．devastating

D．astonishing

3.

A．Clearly

B．Especially

C．Fortunately

D．Angrily

4.

A．knock-out

B．knock-down

C．knock-off

D．knock-on

5.

A．confronted

B．conducted

C．contributed

D．combined

6.

A．ways

B．attitudes

C．behaviors

D．shields

7.

A．reduced

B．raised

C．increased

D．decreased

8.

A．In this case

B．In some cases

C．In case

D．In any case

9.

A．results

B．habits

C．points

D．figures

10.

A．reasoning

B．thinking

C．predicting

D．displaying

11.

A．neutralised

B．crystallised

C．actualised

D．generalised

12.

A．subtle

B．visual

C．valid

D．varied

13.

A．merely

B．hardly

C．nearly

D．only

14.

A．survive

B．peak

C．nurse

D．starve

15.

A．bugle

B．flute

C．whistle

D．trumpet