1 . In October 2015, Shah began picking up rubbish from the beach every Sunday morning. At first, it was just him and a neighbor, and then he began _____ others to join in. Word spread and with help from social media, more volunteers got involved.

Shah hasn’t stopped since. He’s now spent 209 weekends _____ this mission inspiring more than 200,000 _____ to join him in what’s been called the world’s biggest beach cleanup. By October 2018, Versova Beach was _____ clean and Shah’s cleanups expanded to another _____ as well as a stretch of the Mithi River and other regions of India.

For Shah, the work has always been a personal journey, but it has earned _____ attention. After he was honored as a “Champion of the Earth” by the United Nations in 2016, Bollywood celebrities and politicians _____ his mission and joined in his cleanups.

Today, Shah is also working with coastal communities to _____ plastic pollution at one of the sources. In areas lacking waste management systems, _____ often end(s) up in streams and rivers that empty into the ______. Shah and his volunteers ______ and assist villagers in reducing, managing and recycling their plastic waste.

“This world ______ too much. I think you must talk less and do action more,” he said. “Every citizen on this planet must be in for a long pull. I feel the ______ to do something for my planet, so this will ______ for life. If each one could start, this journey could become ______. Can we do it together?”

2 . Every minute, every single day, the equivalent of a truckload of plastic enters our oceans. In the name of profit and convenience, corporations are literally choking (塞满) our planet with a substance that does not just “____” when we toss it into a bin. Since the 1950s, some 8.3bn tons of plastic have been produced worldwide, and to date, only 9% of that has been recycled. Our oceans bear the brunt (受主要冲击) of plastics epidemic—up to 12.7m tons of plastic end up in them every year.

Just over a decade ago, I launched the Story of Stuff to help shine a light on the ways we ____, use and dispose of the stuff in our lives. The Story of Stuff is inextricably (不可逃避的) linked to the story of plastics—the packaging that goes along with those endless ____. We buy a soda, sip it for a few minutes, and toss its ____ packaging “away”. We eat potato chips, finish them, and throw their packaging “away”.

The cycle is endless, and it happens countless times every single day. But here’s the ____—there is no “away”. As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic—whether it’s into a recycling bin or not—it does not disappear. Chances are, it ____ polluting our communities, oceans or waterways in some form.

For years, we’ve been ____ that the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through better individual action. We’re told that if we ____ recycle, we’re doing our part. We’re told that if we drink from a reusable bottle, we’re making enough of a ____. But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.

Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastics into our oceans; we have to get to the ____ of the problem and slow down the production of all this plastic waste. Think about it: if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on, your first step wouldn’t be to start ____. You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap. In many ways, our plastics problem is no different.

____, we need corporations—those like Coca-Cola, Unilever, Starbucks and Nestlé that continue to mass-produce throwaway plastic bottles, cups, and straws—to step up and show real ____ for the mess they’ve created. Drink companies produce over 500bn single-use plastic bottles annually; there is no way that we can recycle our way out of a problem of that scale.

Bag, cup and straw bans like those in Morocco, Iceland, Vancouver and some US cities are a great start, but also not enough. And while clean-up efforts are ____ in addressing litter problems, they can’t begin to touch the problems created by microplastics.

Not long ago, we existed in a world without throwaway plastic, and we can thrive that way again. The world’s largest corporations—with all their profits and innovation labs—are well ____ to help move us beyond single-use plastics. All over the world people are already innovating toward solutions that focus on reusing and reducing plastics. It’s time to accelerate this process and move beyond half measures and baby steps.

3 . Angela never liked seeing plastic waste washing up on the shore near her home. She had been _______to call on her community to clean it up, to change the _______, so she tried to set up an organization called Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea. Her_______ proved quite a success.

Here's how it _______. Volunteers help clean up 300 miles of shoreline. Then, _______only pasties from the beach cleanup, Angela and many other volunteers create sculptures of sea_______. She explains, “ I mean to create sculptures that make people take a look and_______, ‘How can there be this much waste on the beach ?’ _________, these sculptures will make people consider what they have_______in their daily life and realize how so much plastic ends up in the oceans.” So far, about 10, 000__________volunteers have collected 21 tons of waste and helped create more than 70 works of art. Four traveling__________have demonstrated.the art works in 18 places of the country. One of the sculptures, Turtle Ocean, received a__________honor. It was admitted into the National Museum.

The Washed Ashore team is now working on sculptures of a dolphin, with__________for more sculptures. “ Until we __________ plastic on the beach, the work will continue. These sculptures are a(n)__________ for clean oceans.” Angela says seriously.

4 . In 1994, The Brazilian photographer Salgado went back to his homeland in Minas Gerais, Brazil. He was__________ to see the land run by his family. The thick forest there was once a paradise   ( 乐园 ) for him and his friends, bringing them___ memories.

To his horror, he saw a totally different____. Only 0.5% of the land was covered with trees. “The land was as sick as a serious patient — everything was______ due to deforestation (砍伐森林),” Salgado said___ during a meeting on climate change in Paris.

Salgado ______that he should do something about it. Then he ______the bold idea of replanting trees on the land, which beyond his expectations, received___ from his wife and relatives. Soon the whole family _______   and the results are remarkable. _______, the land is changing: It is carpeted with green trees again and some of the insects, birds and animals living in the land before____. The land has been brought back to life. The___ family’s hard work also impressed people around them. They___ cutting down trees and began to protect the environment.

“The work over the years is quite difficult but well worth the_____ and I think every   little bit of work_____,” said Salgado. Therefore, everyone should play a part in protecting   the environment.

5 . Do you think an individual can make a difference? Ask Rossano Ercolini, the Goldman Prize winner, which is considered the Nobel Prize for “   ___”. Eroclini is a young   ____ in a small town in Italy. After   ____ the news of reducing waste on the radio, he decided to teach his students to   ____ paper and replace plastic water bottles in the school lunchroom with   ____glasses.

When his town announced plans to open an incinerator to burn waste, Ercolini knew it would be   ____ to his students. Incinerators are huge heaters that burn all waste and poisonous materials, leaving behind   ____. You might think it is   ____ than sending waste to landfills. It is true that landfills   ____ space, smell bad, and that poisonous materials can make underground drinking water   ____ to use. But incinerators have their own   ____. Burning will   ____ poisonous gases into the air, causing breathing problems. People will have to wear a mask     ____ they go out. The smoke also causes pollution, and even   ____ the greenhouse effect.

Ercolini was worried about the   ____ of his community and felt it was his duty to   ____them. He organized town meetings and talked about how to reduce, reuse and recycle.   ____, Ercolini has advocated the zero-waste movement, the   ____ of which is to reduce the waste to the least possible amount. He has already   ____ plans for more than 50 incinerators in many Italian cities.   ____ his efforts, there are more than 100 zero-waste towns in Italy now!

6 . Ryan was 6 years old when a talk by his grade one teacher changed his life. She told the_______about people in Africa who had a very_______time getting clean water and access to wells. African people,_________children, can get sick and sometimes_______. Deeply moved, Ryan persuaded his parents to _______him to do extra chores and finally earned S70, which he thought was enough to drill a _________.

But WaterCan, a non-profit organization that provides_______water to poor countries, told him that it would need $2,000 to drill a well. Ryan didn't_______. He got very busy doing more chores and_______his fundraising. Several months later he________. collected the $2,000. He ________the money to WaterCan and in January, 1999, Water Can drilled a well beside Angolo Primary School in northern Uganda, with funds________by Ryan.

Since the first well was dug, Ryan's Well Foundation has raised over $800,000 to provide clean water to people in__________. And others have also________along the way, including his school, and The World Health Organization

In the past 18 months, Ryan has________across the world, like Japan, China, and England,making speeches, to________others to spread his "seeds of hope". His Ryan's Well Foundation has supported water projects that have been completed or are under________in many African countries.Ryan has met many________people and even been blessed by the Pope(教皇) but he________he is "just a normal boy". His mother Susan says, "In his heart we all make a________as long as we help the people in need."

7 . Keeping The Taps Running in Thirsty Cities

Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as a source of fresh water. ______ on this limited resources is rising, a trend likely to continue.

It is important to recognize that it is not just city residents who ______ water. Agriculture, industry and tourism often require more water than the municipal water supply. Globally, 70% of fresh water is ______ for agriculture, but locally in heavily irrigated(灌溉)areas this can increate to 90%. A healthy environment also requires fresh water, and the quality of available water is as important as its ______.

Water stress is not always caused by physical shortages in dry areas. ______ for water resources between different users within river catchments or basins can also be a cause.

Every thirsty city operates within its own context, _____ to the challenge of providing adequate water supplies. Cape Town, ______, has faced three years of drought during which winter rains failed to materialize. At the end of the 2017 rainy season the city faced the ______ of its dams running dry during 2018. The dams were only 37% full—in the same week four years before they were full to the top. In January 2018, it was ______ that Cape Town would reach Day Zero, when it would be forced to turn off the taps, in April. This was despite the city reducing its water use by more than half, from 1.2 billion litres a day in 2015 to fewer than 600 million litres, and working ______ with industry and agriculture to reduce demand.

On February 1, the authorities put in place a strict limit of 50 litres of water per person per day. ______, in Britain this is considered enough for a five-minute shower of half a washing machine cycle on full load.

In addition, a ban was placed on using ______ water for gardens, water management devices were installed at household with a high water use and the water pressure was reduced to cut demand and leaks. At the same, the city launched a media ______ to change habits and introduced higher duties. This is not without its costs; agriculture and tourism, both significant areas of employment, have ______. It is a classic example of the problem of water economics-the cost of water is low but the cost of a lack of water is very high.

Crises such as the Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the new norm. The ______ of Day Zero must serve as a wake-up call for cities across the world to develop cost-effective water management strategies to cope with an uncertain future.

8 . I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a _______ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew _______ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since— _______ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my _______.

About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of _______, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s _______ me why visitors started respecting the place _______ and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.

I tried _______ trash (垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would _______an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so _______ it that I decided something had to change.

As a rock-climbing guide, I knew ________about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a ________. On that day, more than 300 people ________. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to ________. I couldn’t believe the ________ we made—the park looked clean!

Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and ________ 132 miles of roadway.

I often hear people ________ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by ________ rather than complaining. We need to teach by ________. You can’t blame others ________ you start with yourself.