1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country     1    （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over     2     past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is     3     (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice     4     (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water     5     rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased     6     (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total     7     (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government     8     (start) a soil-testing program     9     gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while     10     (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.

2 . Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.

    1    For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.    2    That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.    3    Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.

    4    On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.    5    People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.

A．We use water indirectly too.

B．Every system in our body depends on water to function.

C．It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems

D．If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.

E．Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？

F．In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.

G．In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.

3 . In a county of Britain, a pair of pig farmers has managed to feed one million bees by turning over half of their land to wildflowers. Four years ago, brothers Mark and Paul Hayward decided to fill 81 acres of their farm land with wildflowers. This week, a study found they were feeding one million bees at any time.

“This was our target when we started, to, grow enough flowers to feed a million bees on a single day.” Mark said. “We are acutely aware that bees are under threat from modern farming methods and that East England is one of the worst places where bees are seriously suffering from lack of wildflower diversity,” he continued.

“Every third bite of food you eat can come from bees and we wanted to create an operation on our farm that did not push nature out but rather hugged it-as a central part of our ecology system and our food cycle,” he said.

The farm uses all kinds of seeds which can produce many different wild plants and of course, the bees can get food from different wildflowers.

“We are taking a very small role in helping society restore a balance and this starts with plant diversity to encourage insects, bees, small mammals(哺乳动物), and birds,” said Paul. “At the end of the day, we see ourselves as caretakers of this land. Between us we have six children and we owe it to them to farm sustainability(持续性)and set an example for the generations to come,” added Paul.

According to the Bee Conservation Trust, many types of bees have seen their populations decline by 70%, and two species have become extinct in the last century.

Gill Perkins, CEO of the Bee Conservation Trust said, “Thanks to Mark and Paul, at least here, a million bees can keep living, which is of great significance for ourselves now and future.”

1. What can we know about the brothers from the first two paragraphs?

A．They have about 160 acres of land.

B．They grow wild flowers for pigs.

C．They are not good at growing wild flowers.

D．They have to support 1, 000, 000 bees in their land.

2. Why are bees under threat in East England?

A．There is a shortage of water for bees.

B．Bees are not used to the modern society.

C．There are too many animals eating bees.

D．Bees can not find different wild flowers.

3. What is Gill Perkins’ attitude to the action?

A．Opposed.	B．Doubtful.
C．Supportive.	D．Disappointed.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．The Bees are in Danger Now

B．Two Brothers Feed a Million Bees

C．Only one Million Bees are Surviving in East England

D．Two Brothers Love Wild Flowers in East England

4 . Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses （球场） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.

There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.

1. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?

A．Cycling around a lake.

B．Motor racing in the desert.

C．Playing basketball in a gym.

D．Swimming in a sports center.

2. What do we know about golf from the passage?

A．It is popular in Portugal and Spain.

B．It causes water shortages around the world.

C．It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.

D．It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.

3. The author uses power walking as an example mainly because _________.

A．it is an outdoor sport

B．it improves our health

C．it uses fewer resources

D．it is recommended by experts

4. The author writes the passage to _________.

A．show us the function of major sports

B．encourage us to go in for green sports

C．discuss the major influence of popular sports

D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports

5 . Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your choice of sport might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(高尔夫球场) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortages in some local areas.

In fact, there are many environment friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don't need any special equipment except a pair of good shoes; and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk can regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and control your weight better.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be "green gyms". They are better replacements(代替物) for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it's free.

1. What do we know about golf from the passage?

A．It is popular in Portugal and Spain.

B．It needs water and energy to keep its courses green

C．It pollutes the earth with chemicals and waste.

D．It causes water shortages around the world.

2. The author uses power walking as example mainly because        .

A．it uses fewer resources

B．it improves our health

C．it is an outdoor sport

D．it is recommended by experts

3. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?

A．Playing basketball in a gym.

B．Motor racing in the desert.

C．Cycling around a lake.

D．Swimming in a sports center.

4. What’s the purpose of the author writing the passage?

A．To show us the function of major sports.

B．To encourage us to go in for green sports.

C．To discuss the major influence of popular sports.

D．To introduce different types of environment friendly spors.

6 . How to Protect Wildlife

Wildlife faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and other human actions. Although protecting wildlife may seem too hard at times, even small actions can help protect many different animals.     1    

● Create wildlife friendly areas. When trying to make your garden more beautiful, choose plants that can provide food and shelter to native wildlife. This will also help cut down on pollution.     2    

●     3     By using less water and fewer fuels, you will be helping to protect the wildlife around you. Take buses or the subway when you can and turn off electric devices when you’re not using them.

● Buy products that are wildlife-friendly.     4     Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps, catches or hunters who are after other wildlife within the same habitat.

● Limit family size. Population growth is one of the major factors in habitat destruction. With the rapidly growing population, more and more habitats for wildlife are occupied by humans.     5     In this way, the Earth’s population will stabilize and native habitats can be protected.

A．Live a greener life.

B．Donate money to organizations.

C．Each family should be limited to one or two children.

D．Avoid products that are made from endangered animals.

E．Protecting wildlife from being endangered is every family’s duty.

F．Here are some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions.

G．Build bird houses to your garden or yard to attract and shelter these species.

7 . New Lives for Old Phones

When a new mobile phone starts to be sold in stores, many people rush out to buy one. We all want the newest, latest thing.     1    .

Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a mobile phone recycling company. “Don’t throw your old phone away.     2     if you throw it away, it goes with other rubbish to become landfill. In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground and it becomes a big problem,” he says.

Mobile phones contain some poisonous materials. If your phone goes to a landfill, these poisonous materials can get out and get into the water under the ground. That’s the water we need to drink or water goes into rivers or the ocean.     3     That’s a lot of landfill and a lot of poisonous materials.

“At Total Recall, we separate the old phones into pieces. Most of the materials in the mobile phones can be recycled and used again.     4     For example, phone batteries contain nickel and cadmium. The nickel is used to make steel and the cadmium can be used to make new batteries.” explains Mike.

“    5     You can usually just take it into a mobile phone shop and they wilt send it to us,” says Mike.

So before you throw that old mobile phone away, use it the last time: search for a recycler near you and give them a call.

A．Recycling your old phone is easy.

B．Send it to us and we’ll recycle it.

C．How much is your old mobile phone worth?

D．But what should we do with our old mobile phones?

E．Millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year.

F．Recycling materials helps keep the environment greener and cleaner.

G．We take apart the old phones and they are used to make new products.

8 . Will you stop using plastic?

If you take a look around your kitchen or office right now, chances are that you’ll notice you’re surrounded by plastic—water bottles, to-go coffee cups, straws (吸管), plastic grocery bags, food wrappers, take-out containers, single-serve coffee pods and produce bags.     1    

It’s certainly not realistic to remove all plastic from your life, but let’s examine some statistics that may encourage you to reduce your single-use plastic footprint by throwing away straws, switching to reusable water bottles, bringing cloth bags to the grocery store and more.

According to a study published in the journal Science Advances, the popularity of plastic, which began rising in the 1950s, is growing out of control.     2     And there’s no sign of slowing down, considering scientists say that another 12 trillion kilograms will be produced worldwide by 2050.

“Every piece of plastic that has ever been created will remain in the environment in some form, but once we conveniently throw out our rubbish at home, wind and runoff carry our waste from landfills and streets to the ocean,” says Mystic Aquarium’s chief clinical veterinarian Jennifer Flower, DVM, MS. “Given that we are globally producing over 320 million tons of plastic annually, the marine environment is taking a big hit from our daily disposal of plastic.

    3     For example, newborn fish are mistaking tiny bits of plastic waste for food. If they die, there will be fewer big fish—and that could damage the food chain. Often our society is so focused on making our lives more convenient in the short term, but in the long run, our health and the health of marine life are at the expense of those everyday conveniences.”

    4     A recent report suggests that when heated, certain food additives (添加剂) can damage hormones, growth and development, as well as increase chances for children of being fat.     5     It is found in plastic containers and metal cans. Parents are urged to avoid using microwaves to warm food and drinks or placing plastics in the dishwasher.

A．Our plastic consumption is directly affecting the life in the ocean.

B．People are concerned about the results of overusing plastic containers.

C．8.2 trillion kilograms of plastic have been produced around the world.

D．Using plastic containers in microwaves is also harmful to children’s health.

E．Let’s stop using plastic for the benefit of the environment and human beings.

F．These are all examples of single-use plastic products, which is a hot topic nowadays.

G．The most concerning artificial additive BPA is a chemical used in the production of plastics.

9 . Why Is Sorting Important When Recycling?

We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about.     1    Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.

    2    And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin,   you are helping sort recyclables so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen，a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills. It will lead to valuable resources lost from our economy.

    3    For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.    4    ．

Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process.     5    Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, however, new sorting technologies are being developed in order to speed up the process of sorting but to also cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of it can be recycled.

A．For effective recycling we need effective sorting.

B．Packaging at work is the first step towards recycling.

C．This is where different sorting techniques come into play.

D．So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.

E．Collection systems can be very different from country to country.

F．The rest was landfilled or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused.

G．But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.

10 . The early life of the green sea turtle (海龟) is full of danger. Only one in 1,000 baby sea turtles survive to adulthood (成年). From its home in the sand, it breaks its egg with an egg tooth. Its mother is not there to help it. Instead, it is greeted by crabs, coyotes, and dogs waiting to eat it for dinner. To survive, the baby turtle must hide in the sand until night. Then, it moves slowly to the sea.

The small turtle must swim hard to reach the ocean waters. In the sea, it tries hard to find food. It must also keep itself from being food for fish.

As dangerous as the sea turtle’s life is in the natural world, its most dangerous enemies are humans. The rubbish left by humans in the ocean causes problems for the small green sea turtle. A little turtle might eat a piece of plastic (塑料) in the sea. It might also eat oil on the ocean’s surface. Young turtles also get caught in fishing nets. There are laws against hunting sea turtles. Still, many are hunted, both for their meat and for their shells (壳). All of these dangers must be prevented.

Sea turtles that do survive to grow into adulthood go through many changes. For example, adult green sea turtles weigh about 500 pounds. They stop eating jellyfish and other meat and eat only plants. And they may plan a trip to go back home again. A mother sea turtle goes back to the beach where she was born. This is the only place where she will lay eggs. Even if it has been forty years since she was a baby, she always knows her way back home.

1. Why do baby turtles move to the sea at night?

A．They dislike sunshine.

B．They prefer lower temperatures.

C．They can find food easily then.

D．They need to avoid enemies.

2. What does the author think of the young turtles in Paragraph 3?

A．Pitiful.	B．Careless.
C．Interesting.	D．Courageous.

3. What can we learn about sea turtles?

A．They mainly feed on fish and meat.

B．They always produce eggs at their birthplaces.

C．They can live for around forty years.

D．They visit their beach homes several times a year.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The homes of green sea turtles.

B．How sea turtles find their food.

C．The dangers faced by sea turtles.

D．How young turtles become adults.