1 . The monarch butterfly migration(迁徙)is at risk because of climate change and other envuronmental factors.

Do you know that monarch butterflies can travel up to 50- 100 miles a day? If you know they need travel about two months, you’ll have an idea of the distance monarchs travel to get to Mexico.

Monarch butterflies are the only hind of butterflies to make a two-way migration. They travel to Mexico to escape the winter season in the northern climates. Cold, wet weather is considered deadly for monarchs, while hotter, diner summer change their homes in the north.

2020, however, saw a 26% drop from the year earlier in migration patterns reported in a report from the World Wildlife Fund and the Mexican government. With this drop, the butterflies’ population covered only 2.1 hectares in 2020, compared to 2.8 hectares a year earlier. And the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve in Michoacan. Mexico, lost trees at a higher rate than it did in 2019.

With climate change as the monarch butterflies’ biggest challenge, they are faced with many dangers, such as drought, deforestation(滥伐森林)and struggle to breed. These dangers affect the whole migration and hold back population growth. Female monarchs lay their eggs on milkweed flowers, which have been heavily affected by the wild weather from spring and summer of last year. Because of this, the development of butterfly eggs was also affected.

Since 2013, Mexico has seen a rapid drop in the number of migrants arriving to the area. The effects of climate change and deforestation have become an important sign that action needs to be taken to make sure of a healthy migration for monarchs going forward. If not, it’s their possible dying, out that wall fall unto our hands.

1. Haw far do monarch butterflies fly to escape the cold?

A．50-100 miles.	B．100-200 miles.
C．1,500 – 3,000 miles.	D．3,000 -6,000 miles.

2. What’s the problem with the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve?

A．It is becoming cold and wet.	B．It is dangerous for monarchs
C．Its environment is being destroyed.	D．Its area is growing smaller.

3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?

A．The damage to forests.	B．The dangers monarchs face.
C．The growth process of monarchs.	D．The development of butterfly eggs

4. What does the author want to do in the last paragraph?

A．Point out the signs of climate change.	B．Explain the cause of the monarch migration.
C．Call for measures to stop monarchs dying out.	D．Express regret at the monarchs’ disappearance.

2 . A report lasting almost three decades showed that transportation—flying, driving, rail, commercial shipping, etc.—is responsible for a larger share of domestic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (排放) than any other economic sector. Though passenger cars currently account for the largest portion of transportation-related GHG emissions, air travel is one of the fastest-growing polluters. In 2018, aircraft were responsible for 9% of U.S transportaton sector GHG emissions and 2.4% of total carbon dioxide emissions globally.

The carbon dioxide emitted from one round-trip flight from New York to London totals about 1,259 pounds per passenger, according to ICAO’ s Carbon Emissions Calculator—that’s more than what the average citizen of Kenya (and more than 30 other countries)emits over a full year.

Planes also leave behind those ice trails (痕迹)—called contrail clouds—which are even more polluting than the CO₂ they produce. The word “contrails” is a mix of “condensation” and “trails”. They occur when waste gases mix with low-temperature, high-humidity (湿度) air. Contrails are harmful not just because they block sunlight, but also because they trap heat coming up from the ground, finally creating a warming effect below.

Today, alternative fuels that are similar in chemistry to traditional fossil jet fuel, but made from waste and raw materials instead, are becoming more commonplace. San Francisco International Airport has already started delivering sustainable aviation (航空) fuel through a pipeline; American, JetBlue, and Alaska Airlines are some of the industry players that have committed to using it.

New research suggests that because contrail louds form only in very low temperatures, reducing the altitude of fights even slightly could dramatically minimize contrail climate forcing. One study found that just 2% of flights in Japan’s airspace were responsible for 80% of that space’s radiative forcing. The same study estimated that if even 1.7% of flights reduced their altitude by 2,000 feet—which is a normal amount of variation from the flight path anyway—the climate impact of contrails could be cut by 59%.

1. What can we learn about air travel in America from paragraph 1?

A．It emitted more CO2 than passenger cars did in 2018.

B．It is the most convenient means of transportation.

C．It accounted for over two percent of global CO2 emissions in 2018

D．It is considered as the largest air polluter recently.

2. What harm will the contrails of the plane cause?

A．Global warming	B．Low temperatures.
C．Expensive flying costs.	D．Increasing water in the air.

3. Why does the author mention the airlines in paragraph 4?

A．To show alternative fuels are much cheaper.

B．To prove alternative fuels are increasingly popular.

C．To announce alternative fuels have a huge effect on the air.

D．To stress raw materials of alternative fuels are common.

4. What does the new research expect airplanes to do to reduce the harm of the contrails?

A．Change their flight paths.	B．Reduce some flight distance.
C．Develop alternative fuels.	D．Fly at a slightly lower altitude.

3 . It is reported that two thirds of our earth’s oceans and three quarters of its land have been damaged by mankind. One million types of plants and animals could disappear by 2050, with a speed hundreds of times faster than over the last 10 million years. One fifth of all nations could see the environment on which we ourselves depend is being destroyed.

Our earth can only continue to support us if we protect its biodiversity (生物多样性). It is the biological chain of plants and animals that hold our world together. Every life form, however tiny, is of great importance to the whole. Every breath of air we breathe and every mouthful of food that we take comes from the natural world. And if we damage the natural world, we damage ourselves. Indeed, the environment we live in is not only vital to our survival, but also powering the world economy. The costs produced by our broken relationship with nature are rising every day.

The continuing destruction of the environment also quickens climate change and makes us feel weaker and even more vulnerable. The environment supports us, but climate change in turn harms the environment at the same time, making these two challenges two sides of the same coin. To make matters worse, damage to our ecosystems (生态系统) also has a bad effect on human health, by ruining our sources of food, medicine, water and oxygen. We even risk new diseases jumping from animals to humans.

From October 11-15, 2021, world leaders gathered online for part one of COP-15 (第十五届缔约方会议), with the second part in face-to-face meetings in Kunming, from April 25 to May 8, 2022. This is an extremely important moment to raise the level of ambition and commitments for nature.

Saving biodiversity is to save ourselves. What is needed most is a global plan to protect biodiversity, with new goals for the next decade that all countries support and provide money for the project.

1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?

A．Our planet we all live on is in great is danger.

B．The damage to the environment is reducing.

C．Animals. and plants have been existing peacefully.

D．Four-fifths of the countries create good environment.

2. What does the underlined word vulnerable in the third paragraph mean?

A．optimistic	B．easily-hurt
C．extraordinary	D．realistic

3. What is the worst effect caused by the environmental destruction?

A．Air and water pollution.	B．Abnormal usage of oxygen.
C．Lack of food and medicine.	D．Diseases from animals to humans.

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A．New ways to develop new energy.

B．Methods to prevent and cure COVID-19.

C．Measures to raise money to control water pollution.

D．International cooperation to protect biodiversity Worldwide.

4 . 假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿。主要内容包括：
1. 目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题；
2. 骑自行车的益处，既能环保，有利健康等。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：低碳生活 (low-carbon life)；节能 (energy saving)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . Nature is all about relationships: the interconnected links between the living and lifeless, and how they harmonize beautifully into a whole that might not be immediately apparent to us humans, as the complexities of the world sometimes escape the grasp of our relatively short-sighted understanding. Perhaps that's why the urgency of the climate crisis and other environ-mental issues don't truly hit home for some; because that important data is presented in a dry, factual way that doesn't touch the deeper parts of our collective soul, in a way that would move us to realize what is being lost.

Clare Celeste is an environmentally-minded artist creating artworks that aim to highlight the precious biodiversity of the planet. Using paper that is complexly cut and then hand-assembled piece by piece, Celeste forms imaginary landscapes of plants and animals that are folded or pressed between glass.

Growing up in Brazil, Celeste says that her earliest childhood memories were of green, tropical ecosystems slowly being eaten up by the rapid expansion of nearby cities.

Celeste said, “When I made a series of combinations, I realized that many of the species in the illustrations had already gone extinct. Humans have wiped out 68 percent of all our planet's biodiversity since 1970, so working with old illustrations can be very heartbreaking as much of the diversity in these beautiful old illustrations has been wiped out by human activities.”

Celeste explains some of the motivations behind this series of paper works: “I wanted to convey the beauty of our planet's plants and animals, while also introducing a more architectural or human-made element with the geometric (几何图形的) patterns. Having grown up in Brazil, I was surrounded by dense urban spaces that often had rich jungle growth just wanting to break through the concrete architecture. I suggest we go back to our love: our love of nature, of our children, of future generations. Because when we love something deeply, we are required to act—to save it when it is threatened.”

1. What can we infer from the first paragraph?

A．People are connected with each other.

B．People find data on nature boring to study.

C．People can't solve the climate crisis on their own.

D．People don't fully understand environmental issues.

2. What did Celeste remember about her childhood?

A．Cities were rich in green plants.

B．Buildings were decorated with plants.

C．Urbanization destroyed the local biodiversity.

D．Nature was a mixture of natural artworks.

3. What can be inferred from Celeste's words in paragraph 4?

A．Most species die without adapting to environment.

B．Humans feel painful at the loss of species.

C．Her paper cuts represent the extinction of species.

D．Human activities have severely damaged biodiversity.

4. What motivates Celeste to create her works?

A．The desire to protect the biodiversity.

B．The desire for a good childhood memory.

C．The idea of imagining landscapes.

D．The hope of preserving natural beauty.

6 . North America's hoary bats could decline massively unless efforts are made to reduce deaths at wind farms, a new study reports. It is estimated that without effective conservation efforts, hoary bat populations could drop by 50% by 2028.

Hoary bats are comparatively large bats, whose weight is between 20—35 grams. They have dark fur dusted with white, which is how they got their name. Hoary bats undergo seasonal migration, moving from summer ranges across most of North America to southern and coastal winter habitats. Hoary bats will also hibernate for short periods of time. Hoary bats in North America provide vital ecosystem services such as insect pest consumption. The economic value of insectivorous bats to U.S. agricultural industry has been estimated in the billions annually.

“Researchers and conservation biologists have been concerned about the number of bats killed at wind farms for more than a decade, but this research emphasizes how urgently we need to act to carry out known solutions” says study co-author Winifred Frick, chief scientist for Bat Conservation International.

For their research, Frick and colleagues created models of species population growth and mortality. They considered two wind energy build-out plans―high and low—which looked at the expected growth of the wind energy sector in the United States and Canada through 2050. The report focused on determining how wind energy expansion might affect hoary bat mortality and what industry solutions could be put in place to help.

“The good news is we already know how to reduce bat deaths. The best evidence so far suggests that wind turbine limit below five meters per second could reduce hoary bat deaths nearly in half. By working together with industry partners, we can have sustainable wind energy while protecting biodiversity.” Frick told Treehugger.

1. What can be inferred about hoary bats in North America?

A．They are the largest bats in North America.	B．They play a vital role in American agriculture.
C．They stay in fixed places all the year round.	D．They keep active even in severe winter.

2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A．How the research was conducted.	B．Why wind energy was expanded.
C．How the best solution worked.	D．Why wind mills needed improving.

3. What is Frick's attitude towards reducing the deaths of hoary bats?

A．Ambiguous.

B．Skeptical.

C．Conservative.

D．Optimistic.

4. Which section of a website does the text probably come from?

A．Wildlife.

B．Technology.

C．Agriculture.

D．Economy.

7 . Before I went to Nature High Summer Camp, I didn't have many opinions about the environment-I _______ the environment was for other people to worry about. That _________didn't last long at the camp. I _______ learned about land use and forest management and started to _______ the world around me.

The person who _________ me most was Diane. She had worked in the _________ for twenty years and was by far the most _________ professional there. When she started talking, I hung on her every _________ and thought that everything she said made sense.

Diane _______ me by suggesting that putting out forest fires isn't ______________ a good thing-in fact, the cycle of nature makes it ______________ that fires take place because they clear out dead materials and enrich the ____________. Because the Forest Service put out all the fires in the past, the accumulation（堆积）of dead materials meant that a forest fire would grow bigger and consume______________.

Diane said that ______________ logging（伐木）would actually help the area because it would clear out the ______________ trees and allow new trees to grow. Diane added that luckily, necessary logging consumption had increased, which could ______________ the environment.

I've ______________ a lot from Diane. I ______________ that humans should protect the environment. There are other ______________ for us to do the environment a favor, such as planting trees, ______________Paper and recycling water.

1.

A．disagreed

B．explained

C．appreciated

D．considered

2.

A．intention

B．course

C．plan

D．opinion

3.

A．finally

B．normally

C．secretly

D．unwillingly

4.

A．argue about

B．care about

C．hang around

D．sail around

5.

A．supported

B．believed

C．influenced

D．admired

6.

A．forest

B．factory

C．school

D．city

7.

A．polite

B．experienced

C．satisfied

D．curious

8.

A．invitation

B．role

C．choice

D．word

9.

A．warned

B．informed

C．shocked

D．cheated

10.

A．likely

B．hardly

C．always

D．ever

11.

A．necessary

B．easy

C．worthless

D．difficult

12.

A．knowledge

B．mind

C．situation

D．soil

13.

A．less

B．more

C．harder

D．better

14.

A．complete

B．endless

C．selective

D．free

15.

A．dead

B．thick

C．newborn

D．artificial

16.

A．help

B．ignore

C．enjoy

D．destroy

17.

A．borrowed

B．learned

C．suffered

D．ordered

18.

A．promised

B．regretted

C．realized

D．decided

19.

A．reasons

B．victims

C．resources

D．ways

20.

A．cutting

B．saving

C．making

D．using

8 . It goes without saying that plastic is killing our planet.    1    . Here are some ways you can do your part for the earth:

Go cupless

Plenty of restaurants and cafes are now rewarding their customers with discounted drinks.     2    . Many cups for hot drinks are advertised as recyclable. Skip out the fuss and simply bring your own for a guilt free and cheaper coffee

Buy local

A brilliant way to avoid buying needless plastic is to buy fresh produce from local shops. Supermarkets contribute more than 800,000 tonnes of plastic packaging waste every year.    3    .

Cut down on packaging

Companies such as Lush are passionate about bringing beautiful eco-friendly products to their customers and have very little packaging. Get to know the companies you buy from.     4    .You may get to be surprised at the recycling options they give

    5    .

It has become the norm on a shopping trip to buy many cleaning products. But, there’s a safer and more eco-friendly way to go about it. Cut out the packaging and harmful ingredients by creating natural products of your own. You can make the cleaning products all by yourself.

A．Work together

B．Do a little DIY

C．Get to support them

D．And most products they sell include avoidable plastic

E．By buying locally you reduce the waste and support locals

F．The only condition is that they bring in their own reusable cups

G．It's true that we’ve started to take notice but so much more needs to be done

9 . A new study suggests that 98 percent of Emperor penguin groups may be pushed close to extinction by the year 2100. And about 70 percent of their groups will be in danger by 2050. The research was published in the journal Global Change Biology.

The US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS)recently announced a plan to list the Emperor penguins as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. Stephanie Jenouvrier , who is a penguin ecologist said that Emperor penguins need secure sea ice to reproduce, to feed and to molt. Molting is the replacement of their old feathers with new ones.

The new study looked at overall warming developments and the increasing likelihood of extreme weather changes because of global warming. The study noted that extremely low levels of sea ice in 2016 led to a large reproduction failure of an Emperor penguin group in Antarctica's Halley Bay. That year, seasonal sea ice broke up before young penguins had time to develop waterproof adult feathers. About 10,000 baby birds drowned, Jenouvrier said. The group did not recover afterwards.

Emperor penguins reproduce only in Antarctica during winter. Temperatures can reach minus 40 degrees Celsius, and wind speeds can reach 144 kilometers per hour. The penguins survive by gathering in groups of several thousand birds. But they cannot survive without enough sea ice.

The U.S. government has listed other species outside the country as threatened, including the polar bear. Polar bears live in Arctic areas and are also threatened by climate change and sea ice loss.

Placing Emperor penguins on the threatened list provides protections, such as a ban against importing them for business purposes. Possible effects on the penguins must also be studied by U.S. sea fisheries currently operating in Antarctica. Martha Williams, principal deputy director of the U.S. FWS said “climate change affects many animal species around the world.” She added, "The decisions made by policymakers today and during the next few decades will determine the fate of the Emperor penguin."

1. What does the underlined word “likelihood” in Para.3 mean ?

A．Disappearance

B．significance

C．probability

D．barriers

2. What caused the large reproduction failure of an Emperor penguin group ?

A．Being short of enough sea ice.

B．Lacking adequate food to feed.

C．The Antarctica being extremely cold.

D．Not having waterproof adult feathers.

3. What can you infer about the Emperor penguin from the passage ?

A．The Emperor penguin will die out by the year 2100.

B．The Emperor penguin can survive by gathering in groups.

C．The future of the Emperor penguin is under complete control.

D．The authority has taken action to protect the Emperor penguin.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text ?

A．Emperor penguins and polar bears are listed as threatened

B．Melting ice threatens Emperor penguins’ environment

C．How Emperor penguins survive in extreme weather conditions

D．Climate change affects many animal species all over the world

10 . A man from Ivory Coast has found a creative way to repurpose (稍加改动) footwear that washes up on the beach-he turns it into artwork.

Aristide Kouame is a 26-year-old artist. But he says no one would know this when they see him going around beach areas picking up flip-flops (人字拖) and other kinds of footwear. They probably think he is gathering the old objects to sell on the street. But Kouame has recognized the real value of such waste. He has created artworks from the material that can sell for up to $1,000. He cuts the rubber and plastic bottoms from the footwear into pieces and uses them to create largo collages (拼贴画).

“This is the rubbish people have thrown into the sea and the sea brings it back to us because it doesn’t want it,” Kouame told Reuters News Agency. He was collecting material from a beach in Abidjan, Ivory Coast’s economic and cultural capital. “I make art from used shoes. It’s a way to give Life to the objects that litter the beaches,” the artist explained.

Sitting on the floor of a narrow street, Kouame creates shapes, letters and faces with the rubber pieces he picked up on the beach. His method is not costly and does not harm the environment. Plastic and other waste-including large amounts of lost flip-flops-litter most city beaches in West Africa. The waste is thrown away in cities and carried out to sea. But a lot of it ends up on the beach later.

In just a few years, Kouame’s methods have caught the attention of Ivory Coast’s art establishment and his works have hung in galleries in Ivory Coast and in oilier countries. His works have included large portraits of civil rights and political leaders such as Nelson Mandela. Other pieces were created to draw attention to world problems, including climate change, COVID-19 and economic inequality.

The United Nations estimates that about 13 million tons of plastic waste is put into the world’s oceans each year. Two of Africa’s biggest waste producers, Ghana and Nigeria, share the same Atlantic coastal areas as the beach where Kouame searches for supplies. For his part, Kouame says he plans to keep collecting and creating. “My goal is to get people lo question the issue of their environment, in order to create a better life.”

1. Where does Kouame create his artworks?

A．On a beach in Abidjan.	B．In galleries in Ivory Coast.
C．On the floor of a narrow street.	D．In the coastal areas shared by Ghana and Nigeria.

2. What are Aristide Kouame’s artworks intended for?

A．Making money by selling his artworks.

B．Arousing people’s environmental awareness.

C．Purposing footwear that washes up on the beach.

D．Catching the attention of Ivory Coast’s art establishment.

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Kouame collects used items to sell on the street.

B．Kouame has drawn a large portrait of Nelson Mandela.

C．Plastic and other waste litter everywhere in West Africa.

D．Tons of waste is thrown into the world's oceans annually.

4. Which is the best title for the text?

A．Amazing Artworks Made of Rubbish

B．A Creative Way to Get Rid of Rubbish

C．Aristide Kouame, Waste Collector from Ivory Coast

D．Ivory Coast Man Turning Old Flip-Flops into Artworks