1 . The world celebrates Earth Day every year on April 22.But one school in Potomac，Maryland tries to honor Earth Day every day.Very young children are learning about the environment and taking action to show their love for the Earth.

A child’s world is the world of playing.They love being outside in the open air，running，sliding and swinging on playground equipment.But children at St.James Children’s School also add to that fun by picking up rubbish in the school.Inside，they learn to save water and electricity.They also recycle and reuse things.And every spring they get the soil ready to plant flowers and vegetables in the school garden.

The children at St.James range from six weeks to six years old.The environmental study begins at age two.Rebecca Boker teaches the children the importance of taking care of the Earth.Boker says every day at St.James is Earth Day.She points to books in all the classrooms and in the library.Most contain materials that urge children to do something to help the environment and protect the Earth.

St.James children observe the growth of plants from seeds to sprouts(苗，芽) in cups kept in the classroom.Then they watch the plants continue to grow after placing them in the garden.The students also observe the lifecycle of some insects.After that，they know it is their job to respect their home just like they want others to respect theirs.

But do these very young children really get the message that their teachers try to communicate？Ms Boker says yes.On April 22 the kids at St.James will go out to the school’s garden for the yearly clean­up.But for them，Earth Day will continue for the school days ahead as well.

1. Which might be the best title for the passage?

A．Earth Days at St.James Children’s School

B．How to Celebrate Earth Day

C．How to Protect the Environment

D．Young Children’s Love and Respect for the Earth

2. When will the children start the environmental study?

A．At the age of six weeks.

B．At two years old.

C．At age six.

D．At age seven.

3. By observing the growth of plants and insects，the school mainly wants to ________.

A．teach the importance of respecting the Earth

B．help the children write better compositions

C．enrich the children’s knowledge in agriculture

D．let the children enjoy the growth of life

4. What’s Ms Boker’s attitude towards the way of teaching children at St.James?

A．Anxious.	B．Surprised.
C．Negative.	D．Positive.

3 . In an effort to fight the “throw-away culture” and promote reuse and repair, the city of Berlin has taken the unique step of opening its own secondhand department store.

This isn’t your grandma’s thrift shop (旧货商店). It resells perfectly good items that would otherwise be thrown away. A pun on the German words for “department store” and “conserving house”, B-Wa(h)renhaus sells a wide variety of products. Far from simply selling old items, the electronic goods have been fixed by expert technicians and come with a year’s guarantee. And, to reach more secondhand shoppers, the store was set up right in the middle of the famous Karstadt department store.

With the success of its initial six-month trial run, the city plans to open four more similar operations in other parts of Berlin. By 2030, it hopes to have at least one location in each of Berlin’s 12 districts. Since 2008, city policies and educational campaigns have reduced average annual household waste by about 25 pounds per resident. It also recycles about 49% of its mineral construction waste. Currently, the city estimates that 8% of abandoned electronic goods and 6% of huge items thrown away can actually be reused. The goal is to expand the market for these items beyond the usual bargain hunters and eco-conscious consumers.

“Three years ago, we started collecting all kinds of used goods,” city spokesperson Dorothee Winden said. “There are lots of things that are well-preserved and functioning but aren’t being used anymore. The goal is to give these things a new life with somebody who can use them.” The store also includes an education center to encourage more sustainable lifestyles — and also gave an award to a project that recycles school uniforms, so that parents don’t have to buy new ones every year.

1. Why has Berlin opened its own secondhand department store?

A．To attract more shoppers.	B．To promote recycling.
C．To foster traditional culture.	D．To expand secondhand market.

2. In which aspect is B-Wa(h)renhaus different from the traditional thrift store?

A．The variety of the goods.	B．The location of the store.
C．The quality of the products.	D．The operation of the store.

3. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?

A．Berlin currently has 4 second-hand stores in construction.

B．Berlin has been successful in cutting its waste since 2008.

C．It is not easy to make the goal to expand the market a reality.

D．It is estimated that Berlin will be a zero-waste city by 2030.

4. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?

A．To introduce Berlin’s new reuse shop operation.

B．To raise people’s awareness of reasonable shopping.

C．To persuade people to become eco-friendly shoppers.

D．To encourage more people to donate to secondhand shops.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A desert doesn’t sound like the most promising place to plant a tree. Yet, since 1978, China     1     (plant) at least 66 billion of them across its desert northern territories, hoping to transform its sandy dry land and yellow dunes       2     a Great Green Wall.

Ian Teh       3    (record) this amazing undertaking while traveling through northern China last year. His expansive photographs show workers tending young trees, blasting them with water and       4    (fill) irrigation tanks. “     5     planting trees sounds great on paper, you can feel doubtful,” Teh says. “When seeing in person, it was impressive.”

The tree-planting strategy is a massive attempt       6     (help) fight desertification.       7     (rough) a million square miles of China — a quarter of the country — are covered in sand. Drought, deforestation, overgrazing and other     8     (problem) threaten an additional 115,000 square miles, fueling very cruel and     9     (violence) sandstorms that regularly blast cities like Beijing and Dunhuang. Many scientists are feeling doubt that planting trees will make a difference in       10     long run. But China’s State Forestry Administration claims the measure has reduced sandstorms by 20 percent and desertification by nearly 5,000 miles in recent years.

5 . 雾霾天气成为困扰很多城市的环境问题，引起了人们的广泛关注。请你就此写一篇小短文：
1. 分析雾霾天气形成的原因（至少两点）；
2. 提出解决的办法；
3. 号召大家关注城市环境问题。
注意：1.字数 100 字左右     2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
提示词汇:   雾霾天气 haze weather
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . Starbucks is promising to get rid of straws （吸管）by 2020 and it’s all for a very good reason. This move is an answer to our own partners about what we can do to reduce the need for straws. Not using a straw is the best thing we can do for the environment.

In place of plastic straws, Starbucks plans to offer recyclable lids（盖子）for all iced drinks and paper straws for coffee. The transition is already taking place in Starbucks’ hometown of Seattle, where a ban on plastic straws went into place on July 1. By carrying this out in all 28,000 of their stores by 2020, the company says every year they are removing more than one billion                    straws from going into the ocean.

Starbucks’ decision to gradually stop using single-use plastic straws is a shining example of the important role that companies can play in stopping the tide of ocean plastic. With eight million metric tons of plastic entering the ocean every year, we cannot afford to let industry sit on the sidelines. Marine（海洋的）life has a 50% death rate when it swallows plastic—yet researchers believe there will be more plastic in the ocean than fish by the year 2050 if this rate of litter continues. That means there can be an immediate positive impact if we change plastic straws for environmentally friendly choices.

The smart design on the cup for cold drinks comes from Starbucks' in-house team of designers and has been in development for two years. However, the announcement comes as outcry （强烈的抗议）increases over the dangers that plastic straws can cause to marine life. Other companies making the eco-friendly change also announced plans last month to test possible choices to plastic straws last month.

1. Why does Starbucks decide to get rid of plastic straws?

A．To reduce its cost.	B．To meet the customers ' needs
C．To create a greener planet.	D．To develop its business worldwide.

2. What does the word “transition” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Condition.

B．Change.

C．Reply.

D．Disagreement.

3. The tone of the author in referring to marine life can be described as___ .

A．Humorous

B．Positive

C．Doubtful

D．Worried

4. What's the text mainly about?

A．Starbucks is throwing away plastic straws for a worthy cause.

B．Environmentally friendly materials will replace plastic straws.

C．Scientists are making efforts to solve ocean plastic pollution.

D．A sales promotion of a new brand by Starbucks is being done.

7 . 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中谈到近年来全球掀起的剩食运动（Waste No Food Movement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文化、鼓励购买即期品，并将厨余分类回收后加以利用。请你回邮件，说明你对此现象的看法，内容包括：
1. 你对剩食运动的看法；
2. 你或者你周围人的做法。
注意：1.词数不少于50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词： leftover n. 剩余食物； adj. 剩余的
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

8 . Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.

    1    For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.    2    That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.    3    Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.

    4    On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.    5    People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.

A．We use water indirectly too.

B．Every system in our body depends on water to function.

C．It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems

D．If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.

E．Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？

F．In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.

G．In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.

9 . Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is road testing a new way to keep winter roads ice-free – by spreading on them cheese brine, the salty liquid used to make soft cheese, like mozzarella.

Wisconsin, also called "America's Dairyland," is famous for its cheese. The state produced 2.8 billion pounds of cheese last year! As a result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine. Disposing of(处置)the brine can be expensive. So what should cheese makers do with the waste?

Normally, towns use rock salt to de-ice streets. The salt lowers waters' freezing point, causing ice to melt(融化). But using cheese brine could help both cheese producers and cities save money, while keeping roads safe. Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water's freezing point.

In addition to saving money, cheese brine could also be a more environment-friendly option. Many people suspect that all the rock salt used every winter is harming the environment.

Rock salt is made of sodium chloride, the sane con-pound (化合物)in ordinary table salt. Sounds harmless, right? But while you probably add only a small amount of salt to your food, road crews spread about 20 million tons of salt on U.S. Roads every year!

The chemical washes off roads and goes into the ground. There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants. and eat away soil. By spreading cheese brine on streets before adding a layer of rock salt, Milwaukee may be able to cut its rock salt use by 30 percent.

Cheese brine has a downside too – a shell similar to that of bad milk. "I don't really mind it," Emil Norby told Modern Farmer magazine. He works for one of Wisconsin's county highway commissions and came up with the idea of using cheese brine. "Our roads smell like Wisconsin!" he said.

1. Why can cheese brine help keep winter roads ice-free?

A．It is soft.

B．It contains salt.

C．It is warm.

D．It has milk in it.

2. What is a benefit of using cheese urine on roads?

A．Improving air quality.	B．Increasing sales of rock salt.
C．Reducing water pollution.	D．Saving the cheese industry.

3. Milwaukee's new way to de-ice streets may be an example of_______________.

A．barking up the wrong tree	B．putting the cart before the horse
C．robbing Peter to pay Paul	D．killing two birds with one stone

10 . Today, Mount Qomolangma’s peak is not a lonely place any more. Over 3500 people have    1     (successful) climbed the mountain over the past years. Meanwhile, climbers have complained about    2    (wait) for hours in the bottlenecks.

In fact, the dangerous    3    (crowd) aren't the only problem. All those climbers need     4    (bring) a lot of gear (装置) and much of them ends up being left on the mountains, becoming the world's    5     (tall) rubbish dump.

But the good news is    6     some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma. Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition which has been cleaning up rubbish since 2008. So far they    7    (collect)over 13 tons of garbage.

Some of that rubbish is even being used for    8     higher purpose. As part of the Mount Everest 8844 Art Project. a group of 15 artists Nepal collected 1.5 tons of garbage. They’ve changed the cans and oxygen tanks into 74 piece of art that are exhibited    9    Nepal’s capital. Part of the profit from sales    10     (be) available for the Everest Pakeers Association which has helped ole rubbish of the mountain.