1 . What was the man doing in the river?

A．Swimming.

B．Doing the research.

C．Catching fish.

2 . Just when you thought you were taking care of your health by eating enough fruit and vegetables every day, new research has come out revealing that you might be swallowing microplastic particles (颗粒) along with all those vitamins, minerals, and fiber. A groundbreaking study published in the journal Environmental Research has found that fruits and vegetables absorb microplastic particles from the soil and move them through vegetal tissues, where they remain until eaten by hungry diners, thus getting transferred to human bodies.

The researchers, who are from the University of Catania in Italy, as well as Sousse and Monastir universities in Tunisia, analyzed a variety of common fruits and vegetables —carrots, lettuce, broccoli, potatoes, apples, and pears. These were chosen for the fact that they are frequently consumed, usually one per day, which allowed the researchers to better assess the dietary intakes of MPs (microplastic particles) and NPs (nano-plastics). The samples were purchased from different sources in the city of Catania, including a small fruit vendor and a supermarket.

The researchers found that apples, followed by pears, were the most polluted fruit samples, and carrots were the most polluted vegetable. In the study’s discussion section, the authors wrote, “We can assume that the fruits contain more MPs not only because of the very high vascularization (血管化) of the fruit pulp (果肉) but also due to the greater size and complexity of the root system and age of the tree (several years) compared to the vegetables (60-75 days for the carrot).”

This study is important because it's the first to detect microplastics in fruits and vegetables. They have been found in other sources before, such as sea salt, beer, water (bottled, in particular), shellfish, sugar, soil, and even air, but never inside fresh produce. It’s an alarming discovery that raises yet another red flag about microplastic pollution in the natural environment.

It’s an area that will likely see a lot more attention in coming years, with the study authors calling for further research into the question of microplastic and whether it harms the health of both plants and humans.

1. What is the study mainly about?

A．The main cause and influence of soil pollution.

B．The microplastic pollution in fruits and vegetables.

C．The benefits of daily fruits and vegetables consumption

D．The great changes in people's dietary habits.

2. What may cause fruits to contain more MPs according to the authors?

A．The age of root system.	B．The huge size of fruit tree roots.
C．The complex preservation method.	D．The large amounts of the fruit pulp.

3. What do the study authors think of the research on microplastic?

A．It needs to be further studied.	B．It wasted them quite a lot of time.
C．It has caused harm to health.	D．It has attracted attention to diets.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a lesson in sorting garbage.     1     is now required that people should sort garbage into four categories —    2     (recycle), harmful, dry and wet waste. However, if people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can     3     (fine) up to 200 yuan.

More cities are introducing similar regulations,     4     (follow) the practice in Shanghai. However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30% of the     5     (participant) think they are adequately sorting their trash. It’s partly because many people lack their willingness to sort their own waste. “It’s     6     must to have a legal guarantee     7     (promote) garbage sorting,” said Liu Jianguo, a professor from Tsinghua University.

Aside from China, many other foreign countries     8     (introduce) garbage-sorting regulations in the past years. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill. There is a     9     (fix) time for the disposal of each kind of garbage and littering can result     10     high fines and even jail time. Over 90% of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of the environment.

4 . Most environmental pollution on Earth comes from humans and their inventions, such as cars or plastic. Today, car emissions (排放物) are a major source of air pollution leading to climate change, and plastics fill our ocean, creating a significant health issue to marine (海洋的) animals.

And what about the electric light, thought to be one of the greatest human inventions of all time? Electric light can be a beautiful thing, guiding us home when the sun goes down, keeping us safe and making our homes bright. However, like carbon dioxide emissions and plastic, too much of a good thing has started to impact the environment. Light pollution, the inappropriate use of outdoor light, is affecting human health, wildlife behavior and our ability to observe stars.

Light pollution is a global issue. This became obvious when the World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness, a computer-generated map based on thousands of satellite photos, was published in 2016. Available online for viewing, the map shows how and where our globe is lit up at night. Vast areas of North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia are glowing (发光) with light, while only the most remote regions on Earth (Greenland, Central African Republic and Niue) are in total darkness. Some of the most light-polluted countries in the world are Singapore, Qatar, and Kuwait.

Sky glow is the brightening of the night sky, mostly over cities, due to the electric lights of cars, streetlamps, offices, factories, outdoor advertising, and buildings, turning night into day for people who work and play long after sunset.

People living in cities with high levels of sky glow have a hard time seeing more than a handful of stars at night. Astronomers are particularly concerned with sky glow pollution as it reduces their ability to view stars.

More than 80 percent of the world’s population, and 99 percent of Americans and Europeans, live under sky glow.

1. What can we learn from paragraph 2?

A．Electric light is the greatest human invention.

B．The use of outdoor light must be forbidden.

C．Electric light is the main factor to keep us safe.

D．Electric light has both advantages and disadvantages.

2. Which of the following places is least affected by sky glow?

A．Qatar.

B．Kuwait.

C．Niue.

D．Singapore.

3. Why do astronomers especially complain about sky glow?

A．Sky glow costs too much.	B．Sky glow has a bad effect on their sleep.
C．Sky glow wastes too much electricity.	D．Sky glow affects their viewing stars.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Different kinds of pollution	B．Plastic pollution
C．Air pollution	D．Light pollution

7 . Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.

Men have been polluting the earth. Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, men moved to another place.

Air pollution is now the most serious. Air makes people sick. And lots of people now are trying to use something to clear the air. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.

Many countries are making rules to fight air pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.

Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is true that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.

Although most of the pollution is caused by us, we are the ones who can change the situation. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. And we must pay more attention to the information in pollution at the same time.

1. Why was the pollution in the past less serious?

A．Because life in the past was easier.	B．Because there were not so many people.
C．Because men stayed in one place.	D．Because people used less coal to make fire.

2. According to the passage, which kind of pollution is the most serious?

A．Air pollution.	B．Noise pollution.
C．Light pollution.	D．Water pollution.

3. What do many countries do to fight air pollution?

A．Try to use something to clear the air.	B．Ask people to use public transport more.
C．Stop putting dirty smoke into the air.	D．Encourage people to move to another place.

4. What is probably the purpose of this passage?

A．To prove life is much easier today.	B．To call on us to take care of our earth.
C．To show the danger of pollution.	D．To introduce how to fight air pollution.

10 . What does the woman mean?

A．The sea is getting smaller.

B．The sea is being polluted.

C．The sea is getting cleaner.