1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Did you grow up in one culture, your parents came from another, and you are now living in a     1     (total) different country? If so, then you are a third-culture kid.

The word “third-culture kid”     2     (use) in the 1960s for the first time by Dr. Ruth. She first came across this phenomenon while     3     (research) North American children living in India. In general, third-culture kids benefit     4     their intercultural experience and they often reach excellent academic results.

However,     5     (be) a third-culture kid is not always easy. Third-culture kids may not be able to adapt     6     (they) to their new surroundings. Also, they often find it hard     7     (develop) new friendship. Additionally, for a third-culture kid, it is often     8     (easy) to move to a new country than to return to his homeland. For example, after living in Australia for many years, Louis finally returned to the country     9     she was born. She didn’t know anything about current TV shows or fashion trends. And she didn’t share     10     same values as other teens of her age.

2 . Research has shown that people tend to get more happiness from spending their money on experiences, such as travel and entertainment, than on things, such as clothes and electronic goods. But are people happier during the purchased (购买的) experience itself? Or does the happiness come more from expecting or remembering the experience?

A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, offers an answer. Our experiential purchases bring us greater pleasure in terms of expectation and remembrance than do our material purchases, but they also bring us greater in-the-moment enjoyment, the study found.

For the study, the researchers recruited (招募) 2,635 adults who agreed to receive texts at any time during the day. The texts began with a happiness question, which asked the participants (参与者) to rate how they felt “right now” on a scale from very bad to very good. Half of them were then asked if they had made a material purchase within the past hour, such as clothing or electronic goods. The others were asked if they had made an experiential purchase within the past hour, such as eating in a restaurant or attending a concert.

The researchers found that the purchasers of the experiences express higher levels of happiness than the purchasers of the material goods, no matter how much the purchases cost.

To address possible differences in types of purchasers, the researchers conducted a second study in which they researched more than 5, 000 adults. “We still observed the same result,” said Amit Kumar, the study’s lead author.

The researchers said a possible explanation is the endurance (持久) of experiences in people’s memories, while the observed value of material goods weakens over time.

“If you want to be happier, it might be wise to shift (转变) some of your spending away from material goods and a bit more toward experiences,” Kumar said. “That would likely lead to greater happiness.”

1. Why does the author put forward two questions in paragraph 1?

A．To introduce a new study.	B．To make a fact clear.
C．To compare different research.	D．To doubt the opinion presented.

2. Why did the researchers text the participants?

A．To ask them about their spending plans.

B．To monitor their purchasing behavior and emotions.

C．To understand their needs and spending habits.

D．To find out the change in their purchasing choices.

3. What do the underlined words “the same result” in paragraph 5 refer to?

A．The desire to purchase things weakens over time.

B．People are more willing to spend money on things.

C．Experiential purchases bring more happiness than material ones.

D．People will get more pleasure from spending money than making it.

4. What did Kumar think people should do in the last paragraph?

A．Spend more on experiences.

B．Make future spending decisions.

C．Be happy with what they have bought.

D．Consider its value when buying a product.

4 . Every festival has its own meaning. Labor Day, for example, celebrates the value of hard work. Thanksgiving is about showing thanks to people around you. And Valentines’ Day is a time when you express love to your loved ones. But somehow it now seems that all festivals we just care about one thing — shopping. And that can be a big problem.

“In a way, over-consumption (过度消费) is the mother of all our environmental problems,” Kalle Lasn once told CNN. Lasn is the organizer of Buy Nothing Day, a day set up in Canada in 1992 to fight against unhealthy spending habits, and has now become an international event. It’s held on the day, which is known as Black Friday — a famous shopping day in the US and Canada.

You can see the irony (讽刺) here.

Even though the idea of Buy Nothing Day was brought up 26 years ago, we seem to need it now more than ever. It’s just as Lasn said, all the different kinds of pollution in our lives today — bad air quality, the reduction of forest area, endangered animal species, and plastic bags found in the ocean — seem to be the same cause: over-consumption.

The latest example is the Singles’ Day shopping craze of Nov 11, which saw a new sales record. But as Nie Li, a campaigner at Greenpeace, told Reuters, “Record-setting over-consumption means record-setting waste.” And it was reported that last year the Singles’ Day packages left more than 160,000 tons of waste, including plastic and cardboard. The Collins Dictionary has also just named “single-use” its Word of the Year, pointing out the problem that there’re too many things we tow out after only using them once.

So, Buy Nothing Day might only be here for one day a year, but it’s not just to remind us to the a break from shopping on that day, but to change our lifestyle completely, focusing on fun “with people we care about” rather than wasting money on useless things.

1. What’s the authors purpose of writing the first paragraph?

A．To express the people’s love for all festivals.

B．To talk about the meaning of the festivals.

C．To appreciate the value of the festivals.

D．To bring out the topic of the passage.

2. Why did Kalle Lasn organize Buy Nothing Day?

A．To help people save money.	B．To cut the cost for daily life.
C．To prevent over-consumption.	D．To set up a new sales record.

3. What’s Nie Li’s attitude towards the shopping craze?

A．Opposed (反对的).	B．Supportive.
C．Unknown.	D．Neutral (中立的).

4. What can be a suitable title for the passage?

A．Creating a New Lifestyle	B．Buy Nothing Day
C．Festivals Around the World	D．A Change in People’s Life

5 . Searching online has many educational benefits. But spending more time online does not mean better online skills. Instead, a student’s ability to successfully search online increases with guidance and clear instruction. Young people often think they are already skilled searchers. Their teachers and parents often think so too. This belief means much classroom practice centers on searching to learn, hardly on learning to search. Many teachers don’t teach students how to search online. Instead, students often teach themselves. This does not result in students learning the skills they need.

For six years, I studied how young Australians use search engines. Both school students and home-schoolers showed some characteristics (特点) of online searching that aren’t helpful. For example, both groups spent greater time on irrelevant (不相关的) websites than relevant ones and stopped searches before finding their needed information.

Search engines offer endless educational chances, but I find many students typically only search for isolated (孤立) facts, and move on. In one observation, a home-school family type “How many endangered Sumatran Tigers arc there” into Google. They enter a single website where they read a single sentence. They write this “answer” down and they begin the next topic—growing seeds.

The other thing young people should keep in mind to get the full benefits of searching online is to avoid fast search. All too often we believe search can be a fast process. The home-school families in my study spent 90 seconds or less, viewing each website and searched a new topic every four minutes. But searching so quickly can mean students don’t write useful search keywords or get the information they need.

1. What does the author mainly discuss in paragraph 1?

A．The importance of teaching online searching skills.

B．The educational benefits of searching online.

C．The classroom practice centering on learning to search.

D．The advantage of teaching oneself about searching online.

2. What did the author’s study find about Australian students?

A．They benefited most from using online information.

B．They spent little time on irrelevant websites.

C．They were usually experienced in using search engines.

D．They were often unable to find the needed search results.

3. Why does the author mention the home-school family?

A．To compare some popular online searching skills.

B．To show the important role of a print encyclopedia.

C．To give an example of only searching for isolated facts.

D．To explain a basic searching skill used by many students.

4. What is the author’s advice for students in the last paragraph?

A．Slow down when searching online.	B．Try searching more new topics online.
C．Practice more to better searching skills.	D．Change search keywords quickly if possible

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（不超过三个单词）

You’re walking in the street and a thought occurs: “I should check my phone.” Then your eyes focus     1     the screen, even when you walk across the street.

Most of us do this kind of distracted walking in our daily life, which     2     (become) a growing problem around the globe so far.

In fact, walking is not as easy as we think. We must concentrate on many     3     (thing) at the same time to walk safely in a straight line. When we’re busy     4     (use) the phone, we walk slower, make poor decisions, and won’t notice     5     is going on around us. As     6     result, we may walk into walls, fall down stairs or     7     (hit) by cars.

Why do we take the risk? Scientists say it might be a form of addictive (上瘾的)     8     (behave). People are, by nature, information-seeking creatures. When we check our phones regularly, we are     9     (actual) looking for more information to make our brains feel satisfied. Then how can we control     10     (we) tech use? Experts recommend exercises in self-control. They say reducing access (得到) to the phone can be helpful. After all, safety comes first.

7 . A project in Britain is trying to deal with the loneliness of the old by asking young people to work as volunteers to help the old.

Lorna Burnett was paired with 15-year-old Ailsa, a schoolgirl, through the Reading Friends project. Lorna used to read two to three books every week when she was a librarian. In her 40s, she developed a serious eye disease and her vision became worse and worse. Finally, she was unable to read or watch television for any length of time without her eyes hurting.

Not only have Lorna’s reading periods with Ailsa helped to reconnect her with her love for literature, they have also built a strong intergenerational friendship. “I chose a book and she would come along and read it to me,” Lorna said.

Since the Reading Agency started the program in 2017, they have introduced tens of Reading Friends periods across Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and England.

According to the organisation’s website, “Loneliness is an important health and wellbeing problem for older people. Research shows that reading together can help older people to build social networks and connect with others. Fact also shows that reading has a good influence on cognitive functions (认知能力) and wellbeing and can reduce the risk of dementia (痴呆).”

Ruth Sheppard from Bannock bum High School is responsible for connecting schoolchildren like Ailsa with the program and she says that it has had an amazing influence on the young people. “We have wonderful young people at our school and we want to get them into the community,” Sheppard said. “It has been fantastic to see them become more confident as well as improving their reading ability and social skills. They are meeting community members like Lorna that they are making friendships with, and all the library workers also help them.”

1. What does the underlined word “vision” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．View.

B．Sight.

C．Strength.

D．Confidence.

2. How does Ailsa help Lorna?

A．By reading books to her.

B．By looking after her carefully.

C．By collecting good books for her.

D．By helping her with her library work，

3. Why does the author use the words on the Reading Agency’s website?

A．To explain the bad influence of loneliness.

B．To introduce the health condition of the old.

C．To show the necessity of running the program.

D．To encourage young people to join the program.

4. What can we learn from Ruth Sheppard’s words?

A．The program is also good for the students.

B．The program needs more students like Ailsa.

C．The program has won the support of communities.

D．The program is highly thought of by many students.

8 . When a group of college students put their sorrows into action, they never imagined the project would fuel a nationwide movement to help deal with-hunger and control on food waste.

But that’s exactly what the Farmlink Project has done since 2020, bringing together hundreds of young volunteers to rescue nearly 77 million pounds of excess food and deliver it to those in need. The organization’s efforts help farmers, the environment, and people struggling to feed their families all at once.

“In the United States, 40 million Americans don’t have enough food to eat. They don’t know where their next meal is going to come from,” said Aidan Reilly, who co-founded Farmlink. “Meanwhile, in the United States, were throwing out over 100 billion pounds of food every year.”

Back in 2020, Reilly and his childhood fiend James Kanoff were reading and watching news about food shortages, and they learned that area farms were forced to destroy excess produce that they couldn’t sell, especially with restaurants, schools and hotels closed. Reilly, Kanoff and a core group of friends worked together over Zoom, texted and e-mailed to contact farms coast to coast “We didn’t really set out to start a nonprofit,” Reilly said. “We just thought, there’re so many people suffering if we can figure out one way to help, then that’ll be great.”

In California, they found a farmer who had 13, 000 eggs that could be donated, and Reilly offered to do the pickup and delivery himself. That was the first of many more deliveries. With “well come to you” as their catchphrase(标语), the group rented U-Haul trucks and attempted to do all the food pickup and deliveries themselves.

“We had a lot of small problems in the beginning,” Reilly said. ”We broke axles (车轴), loaded in 40. 000 pounds of potatoes in a wrong way and had to try to drag them out by using another truck and a rope. But we made it work.

“Farmlink has worked with more than 100 farms and 300 communities in the US, rescuing and moving enough food to distribute more than 64 million meals,” Reilly said.

1. What can we learn about Farmlink Project from the text?

A．It was launched by some college students.	B．It helps relieve American poverty.
C．It cooperated with the farms worldwide.	D．It is supported by the government

2. Why did some farms waste the produce left?

A．The produce was of poor quality.

B．Nobody came to purchase the produce.

C．The farmers refused to sell it at a low price.

D．Food shortages were not a problem globally.

3. What difficulty did the students encounter in the beginning?

A．They were lacking in experience.	B．They overloaded the supply.
C．Their truck aids didn’t work.	D．The vehicles were inadequate.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Americans faced a food shortage crisis.

B．Farmers in poor areas worried about food waste.

C．Volunteers delivered farm produce to those in need.

D．Students took action to tackle hunger and food waste.