1 . 根据文章用方框内的单词或词组的正确形式填空，每个单词或词组只能用一次，有两个是多余的，每空限填一个单词。

let out, escape, transform…into…, come across, impact, keep records, inspire, break down, energetic, mass, let down, establish, major, further, concern, live up

Nowadays, there is widespread     1     over students’ loss of independence in study. In terms of academics, some students spend a     2     of time in study but fail to     3       to what they were expected. Over time, some even     4       under the pressure of study. Students who aim to be efficient and     5     learners should become more independent of their teachers. In high school, the change of the learning style is a     6     step toward success. For those who often     7     into a dreamworld of their own when faced with difficulties in study, teachers should guide them out of their comfort zone and help them     8     any pent-up (压抑的) feelings and find passion. As students practice independent learning, encourage them to     9       of changes. Scientific reports have     10     a connection between learning style and academic performance. Throughout learning process, students have     11       numerous situations which shape them who they are today and contribute to their personal growth.

Every small change in learning strategy has a(n)     12     -whether big or small-on students. The ability of     13     challenges     14     opportunities is a valuable skill that can     15     influence their learning career positively.

2 . 选用方框内的词汇补全语篇，每个单词限用一次，有一个单词为多余选项。

A．power             B．days                    C．unique             D．connected             E．young             F．priority G．effectively             H．exposed             I．monitor             J．settings             K．suffer

Raising a teenager today can be a challenging job. Long gone are the innocent     1     when you could have him accept your values or accomplish what you think the most important thing.

Today’s teens spend an average of 7.5 hours a day     2     to some type of electronic device and most know more about the Internet than their parents. This means they are potentially     3     to a lot more trouble than previous generation. It’s every parent’s first     4     to keep their children safe from harm or to rescue them before they     5     the consequences. Children need their parents to look after their welfare even if they are too     6     to understand and express that need.

However, protections such as parental control     7     can easily be turned off by skilful computer users. “Friending your child on Facebook doesn’t work     8    , either, as it offers users multiple ways to hide content from certain friends.

One of the best of these new services is TeenSafe.com. It’s an online service that allow parents to     9     their children’s mobile, social and Web activities, all in one place. The program can be easily customized for every family’s     10     needs to ensure that everything is okay online.

3 . In a normal year, Dayna Reber, a business analyst for a technology consulting firm in Camp Hill, Penn., would finish reading around three books. Thanks to the way Covid-19 has completely changed her daily routine, however, Ms. Reber, 30—   who now works from home and rarely socializes offline — has polished off 46 volumes so far in 2020. And that count doesn’t include the bedtime stories she reads to her 4-year-old.

For Ms. Reber and others, lockdown has brought back a passion for reading, both as beneficial time-filler when stuck at home and as a trusty escape. “When the coronavirus hit, I just felt a need to get away from TV and screens.”

If binge (放纵地) reading hasn’t fully replaced binge-watching Netflix shows quite yet, the trend is certainly making strides. In August 2020, year-over-year sales of print books in the U.S. were up 13%, according to NPD BookScan, which tracks book sales across the U.S. Publishers also report a notable increase in purchases of e-books, as well as all books about politics or related to civil rights, racism and diversity.

Independent booksellers, as well as publishers and authors, deserve considerable credit for fueling the page-turning trend. In March, Octavia Books introduced free shipping or delivery within New Orleans on orders of $25 or more. The bookstore also hosts author events via Zoom. And in Illinois, Page 1 Books established a subscription service, where customers fill out an online profile, noting their literary tastes, and then receive a package each month, a mix of hardcovers and paperbacks.

Jamie Miller, 34, a book blogger and “book-stagrammer” who lives in Harleysville, Penn, has long been a committed reader, but she says the hobby has meant far more importance this year. She now schedules a block of time every morning to read, typically a love or vivid novel. “Everything became so chaotic around me that it was just like what can I control?” said Ms. Miller. “My brain just wants something guaranteed to be a happy ending.”

1. What was a cause of Reber’s achievement in book reading?

A．Work requirement.	B．Pandemic lockdown.
C．Parenting experience.	D．Online recommendation.

2. What does the underlined words “making strides” mean in paragraph 3?

A．On the way.	B．Keeping pace.
C．In great progress.	D．Drawing attention.

3. How did some bookstores react to the trend of offline reading?

A．Opening new branches.	B．Offering sales promotions.
C．Mailing books for free.	D．Providing lending service.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Reasons behind a book reading hit.	B．Influence of lockdown on people.
C．Trend of video watching on Netflix.	D．Secret to offline bookstore success.

4 . Ariel Procaccia has thought a lot about how to cut a cake over the last 15 years. As the father of three children, he knows how hard it is to divide a birthday cake to everyone’s satisfaction. But it’s also because Procaccia’s work focuses on exploring the mathematical rules for dividing stuff up fairly. One way to do that is to think abstractly about dessert.

For decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple question of how to cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beyond birthday parties. A mathematical problem at its heart, cake cutting connects strict reasoning to real-world issues of fairness, and so attracts not only mathematicians, but also social scientists, economists and more. “It’s a very elegant model in which you can distill what fairness really is, and reason about it,” Procaccia says.

The simplest approach is called the “divider-chooser” method, where one person cuts the cake into two equal pieces in his view, and the other person picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the other’s. But when personal preferences are taken into account, even the easiest rule becomes complicated. Suppose Alice and Bob are to divide a cake, and Alice knows Bob prefers chocolate, she may knowingly divide the cake unequally so the smaller piece contains more chocolate. Then Bob will choose according to his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Both of them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning of fairness changes in this situation.

The cake is a symbol for any divisible good. When cake-cutting principles are employed to settle disagreements, they are potentially helping the world find solutions. Procaccia has used fair division algorithms (算法) to model food distribution. Social scientist Haris Aziz is exploring situations ranging from how to divide up daily tasks to how to best schedule doctors’ shifts in hospitals.

Even after decades of investigation, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle (拼图) with a well-defined solution. Instead, over time, it has evolved into a kind of mathematical sandbox, a constructive playground that brings together abstract proofs and easy applications. The more researchers explore it, the more there is to explore.

1. What does the underlined word “distill” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Get the essence of.	B．Find the opposite of.
C．Keep the focus on.	D．Reduce the impact on.

2. What can we learn about fairness from the example given in paragraph 3?

A．Its standard is stable.	B．It prevents unequal division.
C．Its concept is complex.	D．It dominates personal preferences.

3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning cake cutting?

A．The application of its rules.	B．The details of its process.
C．The problems it produces.	D．The harmony it symbolizes.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Who benefits most from fairness?

B．How has fairness changed over time?

C．What method works best in cake-cutting?

D．Why are researchers so interested in cake-cutting?

5 . 补全语篇

A. originated   B. limited   C. participating   D. awareness   E. caution   F. responsible G. flooded   H. seriously   I. commented   J. significantly   K. requirement

If you logged on to weibo over the weekend, chances are that your web page was     1     with videos of US celebrities dumping ice water on their heads. It seems that everyone is getting in for fun, from popular singers like Taylor Swift and Justin Timberlake, to high-ranking of tech executives including Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg.

Is it some kind of new, cool way to cope with the summer heat? Of course not. It’s a fundraising game called the Ice Bucket Challenge, and it aims to raise     2     for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症，亦称“渐冻人症”).

The challenge’s     3     is straightforward. It involves daring a person to dump a bucket of ice water over his head within 24 hours, or donate money for fighting against ALS. Even if a person completes the challenge, they’re more than welcome to donate money anyhow.

Once a person completes the challenge, they’re supposed to issue the same challenge to several other people, usually three, which is why the challenge has been growing and growing.

Since the beginning of June, the game has spread across social media timelines and late-night talk shows in the US. According to Facebook, more than 15 million people so far have posted,     4    , or liked a post about the challenge. It has raised more than $2.3 million (14 million yuan) to support research for the illness.

As for the origins of the craze, new data from the Facebook data science team heavily supports one theory: that the ice bucket challenge     5     with Pete Frates, a former captain of the Boston College baseball team. Frates, 29, who was diagnosed with ALS in 2012, can no longer speak and uses a wheelchair. After Frates posted his own ice bucket challenge video on July 31, the game took off and has now become one of the biggest activities in the online community.

The challenge went popular on social media, particularly in the United States, with people, celebrities, politicians and athletes posting videos of themselves online and on TV     6     in the event. But before the challenge, public awareness of the disease was relatively     7    .

Of course, ice bucket challenges need to be undertaken with at least basic     8     and common sense. Those who tip the water need to be     9     enough — and strong enough—to ensure that they can safely control the bucket. A giant water-filled tub is certainly heavy enough to     10     injure or even kill a person it drops on.

6 . Halloween candy could be in for a California big change. State lawmakers last month passed the California Food Safety Act, which bans four materials found in popular snacks and packaged foods - including candy corm and other Halloween treats. Set to take effect in 2027, the ban will lead candy and food producers to change their formulas for products sold both in California and elsewhere around the country.

The law bans the production and sale of some materials, which are used in processed foods including kinds of instant potatoes and sodas, as well as candies. The additives (添加剂) have been linked to increased risks of cancer and nervous system problems, according to the Environmental Working Group, which started the act, and are already banned in many other countries.

Food producers and their lobbyists (说客) opposed the law, arguing the conclusion that the four additives are unhealthy should be made by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They thought that evaluating the safety of food materials and additives should rely on the scientific accuracy of the FDA. But food safety advocates say the FDA has moved far too slowly in regulating food chemicals. It’s unacceptable that the U.S. is so far behind the rest of the world when it comes to food safety.

California’s act made headlines this year as a “Skittles (彩虹糖) ban” that would wipe popular candies off California shelves. But supporters of the act said the intention is simply to require changes in the materials, as has already happened in Europe. Perhaps the most standing-out material on California’s banned list is red dye No. 3. It is allowed only in candied and cocktail cherries in the European Union but more than 3,000 products contain the chemical in the U. S. The list includes items like frosted pretzels and scores of brand-name candies such as Peeps and Pez. It also includes items like fruit cocktail cups, protein drinks, and yogurts.

1. How will Halloween candy in California change?

A．It will change its recipes.	B．It will transform its shapes.
C．It will move out of California.	D．It will disappear completely.

2. What idea do food producers have against the act?

A．FDA’s conclusion on the materials is wrong.

B．Four materials are allowed all over the world.

C．The materials’ safety needs to be reassessed.

D．FDA moves too fast in regulating food chemicals.

3. What can we infer about the act supporters’ request about Skittles?

A．They demand a complete ban on Skittles.

B．They wish the “Skittles ban” to be headlines.

C．They want to apply European policies to Skittles.

D．They hope more red dye No. 3 is used in Skittles.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．California candy ban.	B．Food safety in California.
C．The responsibility of FDA.	D．Change of Halloween Candy.

7 . Keeping animals safe on the road

Roadkill is not a rare sight when driving down most highways and sometimes also on roadways in cities.     1    . A recent study has measured, for the first time, the damage that can be caused to animals in urban areas on China’s fast-developing road network.

    2    . Li Zhongqiu and his team from Nanjing University’s School of Life looked at the problem in cities, where roadkill could have an even larger impact.

They chose Nanjing as the study subject, where there are more than 9,700 kilometers of paved roads. A total of nine roads were chosen for the research, including three national highways.     3    . The researchers then monitored the roads every two weeks over a year. The team recorded a total of 293 individual roadkill cases. Birds made up nearly half the total, making them the most susceptible (易受影响的) group to roadkill.     4    . “This may be owing to the large number of stray (流浪的) cats and dogs in urban areas,” Li said. “Abandoned pets are more likely to wander into traffic.” Also, there are a large number of black birds in East China, and they can be attracted by flies or other insects, leading to further accidents.     5    . This may be owing to the fact that some warm-blooded animals have to go out and search for food during these times when food is hard to find. “Roadkill has resulted in the decline (下降) of urban animal populations and must be taken seriously,” Li said. The researchers also call on policymakers to put forward related traffic rules and animal protection rules, such as speed limits and traffic controls.

A．You may not feel good about seeing roadkill

B．The object is to educate people about road safety

C．The length of the roads combined was over 224.27 kilometers

D．It refers to animals being hit by cars or other vehicles by accident.

E．Cats, dogs and blackbirds were the three commonly killed animals

F．In the past, research in China focused on roadkill in nature reserves

G．Roadkill incidents are more likely to happen in November and January

8 . One of Twitter’s main characters recently was a man who chose to keep his middle seat between a couple on a flight instead of moving to the side. The situation raised some questions: Who are these middle-seat lovers? What do they want?

Many of the thousands of replies suggested that the majority of the flying public cannot understand why someone would ever choose the middle over a window or an aisle (走廊). But among the majority appeared a few people who endorse middle seats. “In the middle seat I don’t feel I should lean one way or another and generally sit pretty comfortably,” one person wrote. Another added: “I’m not getting hit by someone walking down the aisle or luggage either.”

Kyle Burke, in Florida, said on Twitter that he usually exchanged seats when asked. “I didn’t want to sit between a couple that were upset with me,” he told The Washington Post. At 6-foot-7, Burke, 41, said he didn’t fit well in plane seats, anyway. So, he preferred the middle, which gives him double chance of having a chatty neighbor.

Frederick resident Samantha Jones told The Post by email that she usually chose the middle seat when traveling alone. As a mother of three, “Having personal space is a far-off memory.” she said. “Middle seats have the least amount of responsibility,” she wrote. “I don’t control the window shade and only have to get by one person to get out or to go to the bathroom.”

Despite the few fans, middle seats are still not likely to get much respect. “There’s nothing good in the middle seat,” Scott McCartney, the writer of the journal Middle Seat said. “The position’s infamy (臭名昭著) was part of the reason for the journal’s name.” He added: “People really care about the ‘middle seat’, so they are more likely to pick up this magazine on seeing it.”

1. How does the author start the text?

A．By challenging a common belief.	B．By raising a couple’s questions.
C．By comparing travelers’ preferences.	D．By presenting an unusual seat choice.

2. What does the underlined word “endorse” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Exchange.

B．Resist.

C．Support.

D．Indicate.

3. Why does Samantha prefer the middle seat?

A．It provides larger space.	B．It reduces unnecessary trouble.
C．It avoids family responsibilities.	D．It offers networking opportunities.

4. Why did Scott choose “Middle Seat” as the name of his journal?

A．To catch readers’ eyes.	B．To voice his own taste.
C．To make people think.	D．To urge airlines to change.

9 . Greece has criticized the United Kingdom for canceling (取消) a planned meeting between Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis and UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, apparently so that Sunak could avoid talking about ancient artefacts (历史文物) that Greece says were taken illegally. Mitsotakis and Sunak were set to meet on Tuesday, but Sunak canceled it on Monday, reportedly after learning that Mitsotakis planned to talk about the Parthenon sculptures.

The UK government initially believed Mitsotakis would not talk about the sculptures, which are now in the British Museum. The sculptures were once part of the Parthenon in the Greek capital Athens. The row (纠纷) became more serious after Mitsotakis told the BBC on Sunday the UK’s offer to store some of the sculptures in London and some in Athens was akin to cutting the Mona Lisa in two. He also said the sculptures had been essentially stolen.

Mitsotakis said he was deeply disappointed by the abrupt cancellation of the meeting. “Those who firmly believe in the correctness and justice of their positions are never hesitant to engage in constructive argument and debate,” he was quoted by The Associated Press as saying. The BBC reported that sources in the Greek government were puzzled and annoyed by the meeting cancellation.

Greece has long criticized the way in which the Parthenon sculptures ended up in London, after they were bought by British diplomat Lord Elgin and shipped to the UK between 1801 and 1804. Because the two nations disagree on the legality of the deal and have firm positions, they have tended to avoid talking about the issue during high-level diplomatic meetings.

The UK’s Transport Secretary Mark Harper said on the BBC’s Breakfast program on Tuesday that it was regretful that the prime ministers would not meet during Mitsotakis’UK visit. He said Mitsotakis had been offered the chance to meet instead the UK’s deputy prime minister, Oliver Dowden, but he had refused the meeting. “The views of Greece on the Parthenon sculptures are well known,” Mitsotakis was quoted by The Guardian as saying. “I had hoped to have the opportunity to discuss them with UK Prime Minister along with other international challenges. ” The UK’s opposition Labour Party criticized Sunak for canceling the meeting and said his behavior appeared disrespectful.

1. Which can replace the underlined phrase “akin to” in paragraph 2?

A．Contrary to.

B．Similar to.

C．Relevant to.

D．Adapted to

2. How did the Parthenon sculptures end up being in Great Britain?

A．An Englishman purchased them and sent them there.

B．Some stole them and sold them to a British diplomat.

C．The then Greek government presented them to the UK as a gift.

D．The then British army took them by force and transported them there.

3. Why did Mitsotakis refuse to meet the UK’s deputy prime minister, Oliver Dowden?

A．He was too occupied with other affairs.

B．He was supposed to meet UK Prime Minister.

C．He didn’t approve of his words and behaviors.

D．He had arranged for another official to meet him.

4. What is the best title for the news report?

A．Sunak and Mitsotakis set to meet on Tuesday

B．Mitsotakis thinks highly of Greece artefacts stored in UK

C．Mitsotakis plans to take back Parthenon sculptures from UK

D．Greece’s arguing with UK about artefacts sparks diplomatic row

10 . Janet, now 37, was playing with her new pet dog, Stitch, who jumped up, grabbed her sleeve, and tore several holes in her sweater with its sharp teeth. Instead of throwing the sweater away, Janet decided to repair it.

She turned to “visible repairing,” an idea of repairing clothes that leaves an obvious fix. She added bright flowers and other small designs to damaged clothes. “Every time you do a repair, it’s like having bought a new piece of clothes,” says Janet.

Actually, repairing is a great opportunity to realize the urgent (迫切的) need to reduce waste. Sadly, we have become used to replacing things instead of repairing them — and the rubbish is piling up. Worldwide, we throw away 92 million tons of cloth every year. Electronic waste is another growing problem: About 50 million tons of it is created each year around the world.

The good news is that fixing things can help deal with the waste problem. There are some solutions. Due to information online, the popular how-to site iFixit.com , a database (数据库) with nearly 100,000 repair brochures for everything from electronics to clothing, has promoted more than 100 million repairs. In addition, since the first Repair Café opened in2009 in Amsterdam, more than 2,700 cafés have been set up to offer in-person fix-it help in various countries. Organizers set up events, and volunteers with repair knowledge bring their tools. They will try to fix whatever people bring in, for free, and teach visitors how to do repairs themselves.

Fixing things is part of a larger change toward a circular economy —the idea that instead of throwing away things once they are broken or out of date, we reuse or repair them, keeping them out of the landfill (垃圾填埋场) for as long as possible. According to a 2023 report from Circle Economy, a Netherlands-based NGO, if the world changed to a circular economy, we could lower the amount of waste by a third.

1. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Janet?

A．To praise her way of protecting pets.

B．To introduce special clothing designs.

C．To call for attention to repairing things.

D．To market the products of fixed clothes.

2. What can we learn from the numbers in paragraph 3?

A．The action of replacing things is wise.

B．The behaviour of repairing things is popular.

C．The need for reducing clothes is urgent.

D．The problem of producing waste is serious.

3. How do people deal with the waste problem according to paragraph 4?

A．By teaching volunteers repair knowledge.

B．By sharing tips on opening repair cafés.

C．By providing information to the repair database.

D．By offering online and off line help to encourage repairs.

4. Which of the following behaviours contributes to the circular economy?

A．Jim threw away a used bike.	B．Jackson mended a torn sofa.
C．Sue replaced a worn carpet.	D．Windy removed a broken vase.