1 . We often hear such statements “I spilled juice, but it wasn’t my fault.”, “I got in trouble at school, but it wasn’t my fault.” Or “I was in a car accident, but it wasn’t my fault.” That “It’s not my fault.” is a go-to response for so many people and especially teenagers.

Parents complain they are tired of the “excuse”. The reason why variations(变体) of “It’s not my fault.” are so popular is that it lets us off the hook from guilt and blame. I’m a fan of not owning responsibility for things that I can’t control. Teens who often say “It’s my fault.” when something bad happens tend to be highly self-critical, perfectionistic and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression.

While it is important to recognize a lack of reason to blame oneself, many teens over-rely on “It’s not my fault.” When trying to get them to take responsibility, parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault. The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle. No one wins. A more effective approach can be to stress significant drawbacks to consistently focusing on removing our responsibility with this phrase.

Overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of lack of ability to control their own lives. This sense has been shown to cause low motivation. Besides creating feelings of lack of ability, overuse of “It’s not my fault.” focuses a teen’s attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done.

People may not have caused all their problems, but they have to solve them anyway. The example I frequently share with teens is the question of what one will do if he is pushed into a deep lake. One can certainly stay in water, yelling, “It’s not my fault.” However, that won’t get him out of water. He needs to swim to the shore, regardless of the fault.

If you take a proper approach to communicating with your teens, you can help them avoid over-reliance on “It’s not my fault.”.

1. What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 1?

A．The teenagers’ dislike for school life.

B．The common trouble faced by teenagers.

C．The reasons for blaming others for accidents.

D．The tendency for people not to be responsible for mess in life.

2. What type of teens tends to suffer great mental pressure according to the text?

A．Those lacking confidence and ambition.

B．Those allowing others to find excuses.

C．Those unable to get along well with others.

D．Those often blaming themselves for some incidents.

3. What’s the author’s attitude to parents’ usual way of guiding children?

A．Supportive.

B．Negative.

C．Ambiguous.

D．Neutral.

4. What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．It’s harmful to overuse “It’s not my fault.”.

B．It’s important to learn lessons from faults.

C．It’s difficult for people to admit their fault.

D．It’s absurd to often find excuses for mistakes in life.

5. What lesson is conveyed in the example often shared by the author?

A．We should try to avoid troubling others.

B．We should focus on how to solve problems.

C．We should dare to point out others’ mistakes.

D．We should be self-critical as much as possible.

3 . A new report has concluded that advertising managers are becoming increasingly interested in children. Studies show that children influence about 50 percent of things that families buy, so they’re an attractive target for advertisers.

John Taylor, the author of the report, says:“Advertisers can reach their target in many ways. They can, for example, show an ad many times during school holidays, they can make the TV advertisements a little louder than the programmes to attract attention, or they can sponsor programmes and show their advertisements just before the programme begins.”

Most advertisements aimed at children are short, imaginative and often in the form of animated cartoons(动画片).“Children love the ads and watch them in the same way as any entertainment programmer,”Taylor says.

There’re concerns about advertising aimed at young people. The concerns are shared by Sarah Durham, a writer and journalist specializing in media analysis. “The most worrying thing is that children don’t think carefully when they see television advertisements. They’re less critical than adults and don’t usually realise the advertisement has a persuasive message, to encourage them or their parents to spend as much money as possible on the product or service,”she says.

There’re also concerns over the vast sums of money that junk food producers spend on advertising to persuade children to buy their food products. Many advertisements, argues Durham, sell food that is a lot higher in fat, salt and sugar than healthier alternatives. “Many companies target children with offers of free toys, models of cartoon characters and gimmicky（耍花招的）packaging.”

Government approaches to controlling advertising to children vary. In Sweden, one of the strictest countries where advertising is concerned, TV advertising to children under the age of 12 is banned. Greece bans television advertisements for children’s toys between 7 a.m. and 10 p.m. Denmark and the Netherlands also have legal controls whereas France, Britain and Germany prefer self-regulation（自动调节）．

Some countries are not as certain as the Swedes that advertising to children is harmful. The French argue that children need to see many advertisements so that they can develop their ability to think as they grow up. The belief is that advertising will help children to be more aware of its persuasive power.

1. What does John Taylor mainly talk about in Paragraph 2?

A．Ways in which advertisers reach children.

B．The time children spend watching television.

C．Examples of successful advertising to children.

D．The serious problems of advertising to children.

2. Why is Sarah Durham concerned about advertising aimed at children?

A．TV ads limit children’s imagination.

B．TV ads affect children’s brain development.

C．Children lack the good sense to make decisions.

D．Children may spend lots of time watching television.

3. What does Durham say about the food advertised?

A．It’s tasty.	B．It’s cheap.
C．It’s unhealthy.	D．It’s ready­made.

4. What is the French’s attitude toward advertising to children?

A．Doubtful.	B．Relaxed.
C．Objective.	D．Unfavorable.

4 . For several months, Cara has been working up the courage to ask her mother about what she saw on the Internet. Not long ago, the 11-year-old found out that her mother had been posting her photos in her blog, without her agreement, for much of her life. "There are pictures I don't like of myself. It would be an embarrassment(令人尴尬的事)if my friends see those photos online," she said. "Now I'm even worried anytime someone has a phone out around me. I'm afraid that my photos could be taken and posted somewhere."

Not all kids feel the same when finding out they've been living a life online. Some are happy. In the fourth grade, Nate searched his name and found that he was in a news report about his making a beautiful kite in his third-grade class. He was really happy with that and he decided to search online every few months, hoping to find other things about himself online.

"I was surprised, really surprised," he said. "It made me feel famous."

He even kept saying, "Oh, I'm in a news report online." Although his friends knew that, many of his friends refused to stay close to him.

Like most other kids, Cara and Nate grew up in a society rich with social media. While many kids may not yet have accounts(账户)themselves, their parents, schools, sports teams, and organizations have been building an online presence for them since their birth. According to a study from the Levin College of Law at the University of Florida, 92 percent of kids under the age of 2 already have their own life online.

"The blog posts are sure to follow the children into adulthood," says the study. "Therefore, we have to be careful about putting the children's personal information online."

1. Why does Cara want to stop her mother putting her pictures online?

A．She is not a very pretty girl.	B．Her friends keep laughing at her.
C．She does not like being photographed.	D．Some of the pictures are embarrassing.

2. What happened after Nate told his friends that he was in a news report?

A．They felt really happy for him.	B．Many of them stayed away from him.
C．Many of them did not believe him.	D．They also opened their own accounts.

3. The study from the Levin College of Law suggests that        .

A．parents should keep their kids away from the Internet

B．pictures should not be put online without kids' agreement

C．kids should not tell their stories of success to their friends

D．putting kids' information online might lead to some problems

4. How is the text mainly developed?

A．By giving examples.	B．By reasoning.
C．By following time order.	D．By comparing.

5 . A first-year undergraduate student in Chengdu, recently complained online that her mother refused to raise her monthly allowance to 4, 500 yuan （ $ 633） even when she said her current allowance 2,000 yuan was not enough to cover her expenses, sparking a debate on how much money a college student needs per month. One expert shares his views on the issue with China Daily: Students should pursue education, not comfort.

Even for a college student studying in a first -tier city in China, 2, 000 yuan is enough to cover all his or her monthly expenses. In fact, for a college student in Chengdu a monthly allowance of 2, 000 yuan is more than enough. According to a survey conducted by a bookkeeping platform, the average monthly expense for an undergraduate in cities other than Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou was less than 2, 000 yuan in 2019; for Chengdu, it was 1, 900 yuan.

Claiming that she can hardly afford new clothing and cosmetics with her 2, 000 yuan monthly allowance, the undergraduate student in Chengdu criticized her mother for refusing to raise her pocket money. Her “meager” allowance, she said, prevented her from buying branded goods that her hostel-mates enjoyed.

By the time a person enters a college, she or he should have developed a healthy consumption habit. And a youth should adjust her or his consumption according to her or his family income. On a deeper level, the money they spend in college should depend on how much they value their parents’ hard work. Besides, some college students could take up part-time jobs to meet their monetary needs if they feel their parents don't or can’t send them enough money. In this way they can also learn to meet the requirements of life in the future and develop healthy consumption ion habits. More importantly, they should always bear in mind that education is their top priority in college.

1. What's the expert' s attitude to the issue about the undergraduate student?

A．supportive.

B．neutral.

C．He was critical.

D．He was unconcerned.

2. In 2019, the undergraduates’ average monthly expense in Hangzhou was ________.

A．less than 2, 000 yuan

B．633 dollars

C．more than 2, 000

D．1, 900 yuan

3. Which of the following best explains “meager” in paragraph 3?

A．Empty.

B．Fruitful.

C．Mean.

D．Pitiful.

4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A．College students should keep their expenses in line with their family conditions.

B．College students should deal with their living expenses problems reasonably.

C．College students consumption level is determined by their parents.

D．College students should take up a part-time job to cover their expenses.

6 . As the calendar flips to another year, many employees will consider starting the New Year on the hunt for a new job.

In today's changing workforce, it is more important than ever for companies to realize that a salary alone is no longer enough to recruit (招聘）or retain strong employees.

According to a survey by Aflac, small businesses deserve a round of applause for their ability to keep employees happy.     1    . And it found that more than half (51 percent) agree that most of or all of their happiness in their current job is a result of working for a small business.

The keys to happiness.

    2    . Small businesses have the unique ability to make employees feel appreciated, respected and valued on a personal and professional level.

In a small business environment, there are typically fewer layers between newcomers and leadership. This tight-knit structure can create a family-like atmosphere.     3    . And they play a significant role in the business s mission.

    4     According to the report, 30 percent of respondents noted that flexible schedule was the best part of working for a small business. A workplace that promotes healthy work life balance can create happier, less stressed employees and can also increase productivity.

    5    

Although small businesses excel at keeping employees happy, there is always room for improvement. In a small- business environment community, money does not seem to be the only motivator. In fact, 65 percent of small-business employees indicate that an improvement in their benefits offerings would make them happier.

By offering a robust benefits plan that includes voluntary benefits, small businesses can ensure that their employees are able to find the right benefits to meet their individual needs.

A．The way to success

B．Unlocking improvement

C．It allows employees to feel that their opinions matter

D．Flexibility is also vital in creating employee happiness

E．The report found that 85% of small business employees are happy in their current job

F．There are limited opportunities for employees to get promoted in small businesses

G．Nearly a quarter of participants stated that the feeling of importance was the best part of working for a small business

7 . 每年都有许多人外出旅游，一些人的不文明行为引起了社会的广泛关注。某英文报社正在举行以“文明旅游”为主题的讨论。假定你是李华，请你给报社写封信， 呼吁大家做文明游客。
要点如下：
1.尊重习俗；2.不高声喧哗；3.其他。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Recently, an Internet slang word “Foxi” or “Buddhist”   is becoming     1    (increase) popular as it encourages people, especially     2    young to remain calm and peaceful and avoid conflicts as much as possible- in other words, to live like a Buddha.

The phrase    3    (create) for the first time in 2014 in Japan to describe young men who no longer bother to start relationships with women or follow someone else’s life path. They prefer to stay in their own peaceful world without     4    (disturb) and care little about passion and success.

In this fast-changing and    5    (compete) world, many people are    6    heavy pressure. It’s only natural that people are seeking for a spiritual bay. However, some would compare “Foxi” with “demotivational(无动力的) culture”- a phrase     7    describes young people who feel aimless and powerless. They say that “Foxi” actually reflects the reality that young people are losing their will to fight. They are pretending    8    (keep) a healthy and wise attitude towards failure simply    9    they are incapable(无能力的) of succeeding.

All in all, there is one thing that “Buddhist Youngsters” should   keep in mind: You may want to keep a calm mindset, but you should never stop fighting for     10    (you)!

9 . Looking around the streets of London, you’ll definitely see many methods people use to move around.     1    Now there’s a new addition: electric scooters or e•scooters.

This traditional children’s vehicle has become more complicated over the years. And now, with the addition of a small electric motor, it’s become a cheap and easy mode of transport. Scooting around town can be fun   and doesn’t   involve much   effort.       2    But considering   accidents involving this electric scooter in the U.K., questions are being asked about their safety and whether traffic laws should be changed.

Many e•scooter riders in the U.K. broke the law. Some had been seen on pavements, and others on the road jumped red traffic lights, adding to the frustration of motorists stuck in traffic jams. In the U.K., the law states that riding one on the public highway or pavement is forbidden. Despite this, it seems the increasing popularity of e•scooters means they can be seen everywhere.     3    

The U.K. government is looking at how safely they can be used on the road and is “reviewing” the law. But its transport minister, Michael Ellis, has told the BBC that “Micro­mobility products are appearing in countries across the globe and are an exciting innovation, for which we know there is demand.     4    ”

    5    Despite the fact that some of them can exceed 30 mph, they sometimes only have one brake and no lights. However confident the rider may be, larger vehicles on the road make them unprotected. So it seems that more work needs to be done to give e•scooters a safe and legal space to travel in.

A．The roads are already very crowded.

B．What’s the best means of transport?

C．People seldom see e•scooter accidents in the U.K.

D．However, safety must always be our top priority.

E．And now users are asking that regulations be changed.

F．There’s no doubt that there are dangers of riding a two•wheeled scooter.

G．It’s no wonder that it’s becoming increasingly popular in the world.

10 . "What kind of rubbish are you?" This question has brought about complaints over the past months in Shanghai. On July 1st, 2019, the city introduced strict trash-sorting rules. Residents must divide this waste into four separate groups and throw it into specific public bins.

Shanghai is faced with an obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of rubbish a year, and the number is rising quickly. Like other cities in China, it has relied on trash pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. But as people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up.

Many people appear to be bothered by the rules. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous （有害的）, the differences among which can be complex and confusing. Some have complained that they must put food waste straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and throw it by hand. Most annoying is the short scheduled time for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. This means that people all go at the same time and anyone can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.

People who fail obey the rules could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan. For repetitive violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to get bank loans or even buy train tickets. However, citizens support the idea of recycling in general and say a tough campaign is necessary. "Slowly people will get used to it," says Li Chongjin of Fudan University.

1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A．To amuse the readers with a question

B．To introduce a hot topic about trash dividing

C．To present a social problem in Shanghai

D．To offer a way to deal with the complaints

2. The underlined word "violators" probably means____________

A．trash-pickers	B．waste-throwers
C．law-makers	D．rule-breakers

3. What upsets people most about the trash-sorting rules?

A．Being forced to keep plastic bags open.

B．Being required to tell different kinds of rubbish apart

C．Being seriously punished for improper behavior

D．Being asked to throw trash at the short scheduled time.

4. What is Li Chongjin's attitude towards the future of trash-sorting rules?

A．Hopeful	B．Dissatisfied.
C．Doubtful.	D．Uncaring