1 . There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd, one of the six companies, created out of the privatized national railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth
In a plan called “Station Renaissance” that it
The company also plans to introduce
| A．perspectives | B．outlooks | C．prospects | D．spectacles |
| A．creatively | B．originally | C．authentically | D．initially |
| A．displayed | B．demonstrated | C．embarked | D．unveiled |
| A．go beyond | B．set out | C．come around | D．spread over |
| A．applications | B．enterprises | C．functions | D．performances |
| A．districts | B．vicinities | C．resorts | D．locations |
| A．acquired | B．purchased | C．presided | D．attained |
| A．lodgers | B．tenants | C．dwellers | D．boarders |
| A．for | B．in | C．of | D．as |
| A．figures | B．exhibits | C．convinces | D．speculates |
| A．deprives | B．retrieves | C．spares | D．exempts |
| A．conjunction | B．convenience | C．department | D．ornament |
| A．delegated | B．designated | C．devoted | D．dedicated |
| A．clever | B．smart | C．ingenious | D．intelligent |
| A．checking | B．gathering | C．holding | D．accommodating |
| A．as | B．for | C．with | D．of |
| A．but for | B．as well as | C．instead of | D．more than |
| A．unique | B．single | C．unitary | D．only |
| A．devices | B．instruments | C．readers | D．examiners |
| A．reduce | B．narrow | C．dwarf | D．shrink |
2 . “I seldom read posts on WeChat Moments because many of them are not true and don’t present what a person is really like,” a friend of mine told me. Then, I
I reread my WeChat posts to
However, sometimes it is the posts that take a negative tone or those that we delete that carry our
WeChat posts are
| A．took | B．worked | C．attended | D．watched |
| A．useful | B．wrong | C．right | D．frustrated |
| A．remind | B．tell | C．doubt | D．check |
| A．runs | B．improves | C．holds | D．remarks |
| A．skills | B．directions | C．conditions | D．channels |
| A．create | B．treat | C．judge | D．face |
| A．exactly | B．simply | C．partly | D．especially |
| A．unless | B．before | C．after | D．until |
| A．discover | B．place | C．deliver | D．encourage |
| A．present | B．shape | C．follow | D．study |
| A．perfect | B．troubled | C．true | D．wise |
| A．settle | B．take | C．get | D．send |
| A．look for | B．go through | C．think about | D．find out |
| A．respected | B．considered | C．protected | D．accompanied |
| A．drove | B．forced | C．pressed | D．guided |
| A．concern | B．determination | C．willingness | D．disappointment |
| A．promise | B．admire | C．answer | D．comfort |
| A．arguments | B．trouble | C．time | D．advice |
| A．mixed | B．crowded | C．impressed | D．reported |
| A．above all | B．as usual | C．by contrast | D．even so |
3 . The whole world knows them: actors, singers, models, athletes and TV personalities. If I use social media, I get too familiar.
I have nothing against the entertainment industry and celebrities. The problem is that by idolizing the entertainment industry so much, we sometimes completely forget about the things that are truly important and that are changing our world. You probably know who Leonardo DiCaprio is—a very talented American actor and film producer. But then you probably don’t know who Cori Bargmann is. Bargmann is a scientist who is uncovering the causes of Alzheimer’s and autism, which have been unknown for years.
What I think is wrong is that DiCaprio’s net worth is $260 million dollars, while Bargmann’s is less than $l million dollars. DiCaprio is definitely talented and has worked hard to give us good films, but Bargmann is working for something that can save thousands of humans who are suffering. And just because our society prefers to idolize the entertainment industry instead of science, she gets paid much less than she deserves.
But if it would benefit the world to invest all of our time and attention toward scientists, why don’t we make scientists our new “celebrities”?
First of all, we like being entertained. We love pretty faces and easy-to-digest information. It’s easier to care about simple stuff rather than scientific, complicated things. Another reason is that most scientists don’t like being in the spotlight. They’ re mostly reserved and like to have privacy. They’ re busy people, which explains why they haven’t attracted the media the same way that performers have. Also, people have free will and the right to be interested in whatever they want to be.
However, studies have shown that young people are more interested in a scientific career as a result of COVID-19. The pandemic has also made known some scientists who have suddenly started appearing on TV and guiding us on how to get protected from this deadly virus. Maybe that is the start of the development of a different point of view which will be in favor of science for future generations.
1. Why does the author mention Leonardo DiCaprio and Cori Bargmann?| A．To introduce the topic. | B．To give an example. |
| C．To offer a definition. | D．To propose a solution. |
| A．Scientists get paid much less than actors. |
| B．People are busy choosing what they like. |
| C．Scientists don’t feel like being paid attention to. |
| D．People prefer entertainment to complex science. |
| A．Studies make scientists known and accepted by the masses. |
| B．Young people want to change their jobs because of the pandemic. |
| C．People are attracted to science and scientists during a special time. |
| D．Most scientists gradually become willing to show up in public light. |
| A．Objective. | B．Favorable. |
| C．Prejudiced. | D．Indifferent. |
4 . It seems as if social media platforms have taken over our lives. According to a study, there were over 3.6 billion social media users in 2021. And that number is only expected to grow.
Although social media platforms have helped to keep friends and family connected, there is also a dark side to social media. To put it simply, it is a money making machine. This is partially because of social media influencers. A social media influencer is someone “who can shape audience’s attitudes through blogs, tweets, and the use of other social media”. You may be asking yourself, “Why would they want to do this, though?” The answer is simple: to make money. Social media influencers make money by promoting brands among their followers. In fact, influencer marketing is so profitable that the study reported that the industry is expected to reach $15 billion in value in 2022.
Social media influencers are now being called out because some of their actions have started to negatively impact the environment. One man in particular, who goes by Steve to remain anonymous (匿名的), noticed that some online influencers failed to follow rules when they went to national parks or public places. This included things like leaving garbage behind, or using drones (无人机) to take pictures from the sky.
Because of this, Steve made it his mission to stop social media influencers from hurting the environment with their bad behavior in order to get the “perfect shot”. In 2018, he made the account “Public Lands Hate You” to name and shame influencers who failed to follow the rules made to protect the environment. The account now has over 85 thousand followers.
He hoped that it could help some influencers find the light and right their wrongs. Steve said, “If everybody thought just a little bit more about their small actions and the impact those actions have on the environment and the people around them, I think that a lot of our bigger problems would be much more easily solved.”
1. What feature of social media influencers is mainly shown in paragraph 2?| A．Good communication. | B．Chasing profits. |
| C．Creative shows. | D．Volunteering service. |
| A．By giving examples. | B．By offering data. |
| C．By making comparisons. | D．By explaining reasons. |
| A．To win wide attention and attract more fans. |
| B．To get the influencers aware of their wrong deeds. |
| C．To make public places inaccessible to influencers. |
| D．To inform the influencers of the places for perfect shots. |
| A．Well begun is half done. | B．Practice makes perfect. |
| C．Every bit of effort counts. | D．Actions speak louder than words. |
5 . Would it surprise you to learn that the vast majority of adults—around 75 percent—tell up to two lies every day? What this suggests then is that you’ve probably told a lie or two in the past 24 hours and chances are you've also been lied to.
Before you start protesting your innocence or confronting loved ones and colleagues, though, it’s worth noting that the bulk of these lies fall into the “hardly worth mentioning” category. Think little white lies such as attempting to spare someone’s feelings or gently twisting the facts to avoid looking-bad. People tell lies for a variety of reasons. Less than 12 percent of lies can be categorized as “big lies”—and these are usually the ones that really matter. An example of a big lie, according to the study’s authors, would be saying “I love you” without being sincere.
So, are there any body language giveaways that can help “out” someone who’s lying? Back in 2015, University of Michigan researchers identified some common behaviors among liars, including frowning or grimacing (扮怪相), looking directly at the questioner in a bid to appear trustworthy, and overcompensating by gesturing with both hands. A more recent study found that liars may unconsciously mimic the body language of those around them while their brains are otherwise engaged in telling lies. However, to establish a connection with a new person, that will make them feel that there is something about you that they like. It’s also worth looking out for the “eye dart”: when we glance to the left, we’re attempting to recall facts and events; when we look to the right, we’re thinking more creatively.
Vocal factors can offer a good clue, too. People who are being deliberately dishonest — or who lack certainty in what they’re saying—tend to speak slower and place less emphasis on the middle of words. It’s important to remember though that none of these pointers offer undeniable evidence that you’re dealing with a liar. After all, some people just grimace (做鬼脸) more or speak slower than others.
1. Which of the following lies are NOT categorized as “hardly worth mentioning”?| A．“I love your new haircut.” |
| B．“I am so into you.”(said coldly) |
| C．“Relax. It makes no difference to me. ” |
| D．“My train was cancelled” instead of “I overslept and missed my train”. |
| A．He looks directly at the questioner to show his trust in him. |
| B．He keeps glancing to the left from time to time when he talks. |
| C．He unintentionally repeats the gesture made by the person he talks to. |
| D．He speaks slower and emphasizes the middle of the words less. |
| A．affect | B．ignore | C．mirror | D．mix |
| A．How to deal with a liar. | B．How to tell white lies or big lies. |
| C．The possible reasons of telling lies. | D．How to tell if someone is lying to you. |
For the past few years, several Internet buzzwords (流行语) have gone popular, “
“I still remember some 10 years ago, my weekends were spent
Such a phenomenon is very common in our competitive society. Many parents are extremely afraid that their children will get off to a slow start, so they would rather do
7 . The popularity of Facebook has caused a shift in how people realize themselves: the “like” button has become nothing more than a self-esteem (自尊) booster.
Do you socialize with negative people?
There are a lot of people who aren’t aware they have a negative voice in their head.
Celebrating your successes is another good way. We’re often so busy in life that we seldom take the time to stop and really reflect on what we’ve achieved. Take the time once a day to ask yourself what you’re proud of having achieved that day.
| A．Learn to love yourself. |
| B．Catch your negative self-talk. |
| C．Appreciate how far you’ve come. |
| D．If so, consider finding new friends. |
| E．When self-esteem is high, we lose our fear of envy. |
| F．Of course not, few people like socializing with negative people. |
| G．But what’s important is to develop high self-esteem from inner. |
8 . In 1910, the Los Angeles Times ran a story about a boy who was charged with opening a valve (阀门) on a water pump powered by a steam engine to release the built-up pressure. His whole job consisted of staring at these machines all day, which was incredibly boring. The “ lazy ” boy then invented a release for the pump to run just as it should and won his freedom. The first automatic steam engine was born.
This story may be fictional, but the boy’s behavior reflects a deeper truth. When we are feeling lazy, we often search for an easier way, trying to update the process and save time and effort. In other words, laziness can drive innovation.
In recent years, some psychologists and business leaders have wised up to this insight, changing our perspective of what laziness really means. Both Bill Gates and Walter Chrysler have been credited with a quote: “ I always choose a lazy person to do a hard job because a lazy person will find an easy way to do it. ”
Our brains are born for laziness. Compared with our ancestors who had to conserve energy to compete for food, flee from predators, and fight, we now don’t take survival as a daily issue. It seems natural that we would choose to be “lazier” , but the opposite has occurred. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Americans sleep less and work more than we used to; productivity per worker has gone up 400 percent since 1950. Our culture teaches us that our worth depends on how industrious we are, so we work even harder to produce even more.
But there’s one big paradox (悖论), sad but true: The harder we work, the less productive we are. When demand increases, we tend to push harder. Yet the trouble is that, without any refresh and recharge, we are less efficient, make more mistakes, and get less engaged with what we’re doing.
Therefore, how can we make our labor more meaningful and our lives more fulfilling? Current research in psychology and neuroscience points to a new understanding of the value of the wandering mind. Taking breaks and allowing your thoughts to drift can help your brain retain information, refocus, and gain fresh perspective.
Here’s the core problem: When the time finally comes to put our feet up, we often don’t know how. We have little training in how to be idle. But at least give it a shot. Maybe this week, notice some downtime in your day, some white space in your calendar. Instead of filling the space with more work, just sit in the sofa, and be, in the words of poet Mary Oliver, “ idle and blessed. ”
1. The author tells the story in paragraph 1 to prove ______.| A．the kid needs punishing | B．boredom enhances productivity |
| C．creativity contributes to laziness | D．laziness inspires new ideas |
| A．By listing some numbers of being lazy. |
| B．By quoting some great figures’ words. |
| C．By making a comparison between two great figures. |
| D．By giving examples of how to be creative. |
| A．People nowadays don’t have to face poverty. | B．Modern society honors creativity. |
| C．Americans lives a poorer life than before. | D．Ancestors consider industry as a value. |
| A．Working 24 -7 with a tight schedule. |
| B．Taking three part-time jobs to fill weekends. |
| C．Watching a stand-up comedy after a busy weekday. |
| D．Attending a formal dinner with business purpose. |
| A．compare the previous understanding of idleness to the new |
| B．persuade people to give up the value of hard work |
| C．criticize the irresponsible attitude towards life |
| D．encourage people to keep refreshed for better work and life |
9 . The world's consumption of fashion is huge. To give just one example, the European Union imported almost 29 billion worth of clothing in 2015. As consumption has risen, prices have fallen. Today, a hand-finished shirt may cost as little as five euros. To make clothes at these low prices,companies have to keep costs down. One way they do this is by using offshore production, that is, to outsource(外包)the production to developing countries like Egypt or Cambodia,where workers are paid much less than in developed countries.
Some experts, like the economist David Schneider, say that outsourcing benefits local economies by providing jobs at higher wages than local workers can make by working in agriculture.Supporters also point out that people in developing countries often line up to take jobs in multinational factories. While this is true, one study of 15 countries found that textile workers earned less than 40 % of the money they needed to live on each month. In some countries, this figure is even lower. Also, most workers are paid by the piece. This means they might earn only a few cents for making a dress which sells for hundreds of euros in Europe. Such low wages are wing and unfair.
Supporters of outsourcing also claim that overseas factories have become safer and more moral in recent years. But working conditions in many offshore factories remain uncomfortable and unsafe.Worker protection laws often don't exist or are not followed. As a result, workers are exposed to chemicals, dust and unsafe levels of noise from sewing machines, Moreover, factory buildings are often unsafe, and horrible accidents happen.
In conclusion, although supporters of outsourcing provide a number of convincing arguments, in my opinion, these do not justify the low wages and dangerous conditions found in many overseas factories. If multinationals are going to continue to benefit from low production costs by using overseas suppliers, I believe they should contribute a much larger share of their massive profits to correcting these problems and improving social conditions in the countries where they are located.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．The popularity of outsourcing. |
| B．The way to make shirts at low costs. |
| C．The interpretation of offshore production. |
| D．The author's opinion on the world's consumption. |
| A．Overseas factories guarantee safety. |
| B．Outsourcing promotes local employment. |
| C．It's wrong to offer workers low wages. |
| D．Worker protection laws should he made. |
| A．Arguments. | B．Supporters. |
| C．Multinationals. | D．Conditions. |
| A．Sympathetic. | B．Positive. |
| C．Reserved. | D．Critical. |
采访内容:
1.你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的情况；
2.移动支付带来的好处
3.你的看法。
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注意:1.词数120左右;
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
Dear Jenny,
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