1 . One recent report found that adults in the US check their phones, on average, 344 times a day—once every four minutes—and spend almost three hours a day on their devices in total. The problem for many of us is that one quick phone-related task leads to a quick check of our email or social media feeds, and suddenly we’ve been trapped into endless scrolling (刷屏).
What we do know is that the simple distraction of checking a phone or seeing a notification (提示) can have negative consequences. This isn’t very surprising; we know that, in general multitasking harms memory and performance. One of the most dangerous examples is phone use while driving. One study found that merely speaking on the phone, not texting, was enough to make drivers slower to react on the road. It’s true for everyday tasks, too. Simply hearing a notification “ding” made participants of another study perform far worse on a task-almost as badly as participants who were speaking or texting on the phone during the task.
In one recent study, for example, researchers asked participants to either put their phones next to them so they were visible (like on a desk), nearby and out of sight (like in a bag or pocket), or in another room. Participants then completed a series of tasks to test their abilities to process and remember information, their problem-solving, and their focus.
They were found to perform far better when their phones were in another room instead of nearby—whether visible, powered on or not. That held true even though most of the participants claimed not to be consciously thinking about their devices.
Our brains may be subconsciously hard at work in preventing the desire from checking our phones, or constantly monitoring the environment to see if we should check our phone (eg. waiting for a notification). Either way, this distracted attention can make doing anything else more difficult. The only “fix”, the researchers found, was putting the device in a different room entirely.
1. What did the recent report in Paragraph I find?| A．Multitasking is very dangerous. |
| B．Notification is always heard. |
| C．People are addicted to mobile phones. |
| D．People like doing phone-related tasks. |
| A．By making comparisons. |
| B．By examining differences. |
| C．By following the order of importance. |
| D．By analyzing causes and giving examples. |
| A．Do anything more difficult. |
| B．Use phones to do right things. |
| C．Monitor the environment around. |
| D．Stay away from phones entirely. |
| A．How do We Avoid the Distraction of Phones? |
| B．Why Are People Fond of Using Mobile Phones? |
| C．What Should We Do When Buying Mobile Phones? |
| D．How Do We Do Research by Using Mobile Phones? |
2 . Print newspapers dominated the early 1900s, but in November 1922, the dawn of radio news arrived when the BBC launched its first daily radio service. It marketed itself as news by and for social elites (精英), and broadcasters were required to use “received pronunciation”. News shifted to television broadcasting in the 1950s.
The creation of the WorldWideWeb in the 1990s changed things again. The internet has become a key site for sharing information, and news is more accessible than it has ever been before. Crises can be reported from on the ground by people who directly understand them. Stories can be shared with the click of a button which can be dangerous. In the time it takes for a story to move from a news site to Facebook to your WhatsApp group chat, context lost and facts go unchecked.
In 2016, we witnessed a BBC watershed moment for the news landscape. Negative coverage was the order of the day in the general election. Clinton was criticized for everything from her speaking style to her use of emails. As Clinton was being attacked in the press, Donald Trump was attacking the press, claiming that it is was trying to “influence” the election in her favor. The news is not about what’s ordinary or expected, but what’s new and different, better yet when filled with anger and conflict. Following the election troubled by dishonesty and misinformation spread largely on social media, Oxford Dictionaries announced “post-truth” as its international word of the year. Frequency of the word’s usage rose by 2,000 percent that year.
With so much information at our fingertips, the massive volume news can be ovenwhelming. Couple this with the increasing uncertainty about what is true and what is not, it is perhaps no wonder that recent years have seen the birth of the “slow journalism” movement. First coined in 2007 by Susan Greenberg, it invites us to slow down and really pay attention to what’s happening around us.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．The target audience of BBC, | B．The key to News’ development. |
| C．The transformation in news reporting. | D．The qualifications of BBC’s reporters. |
| A．It marks what good news is about. |
| B．It provides people with the best choice. |
| C．It fails to satisfy people’s sharing demand. |
| D．It contributes much to ungoverned information. |
| A．BBC news gained wide popularity. |
| B．Negative news sells and travels wide. |
| C．Facts are more influential than emotion appeals. |
| D．More supervision should be added in the election. |
| A．Negative news also bears value just as the positive news. |
| B．Great importance should be attached to news’ truthfulness. |
| C．The information on social media is uncertain and unreliable. |
| D．People are overwhelmed with massive volume news nowadays. |
3 . Nowadays more and more people like to travel, especially when vacations come. A great number of people rush out of their homes or companies to travelling spots. They either drive ortake a bus, a train, a ship and so on. Some even ride bikes.
However, there is another way of travelling—poorism. People have a tour in the poorest areas of the world. Some people may take one-day poorest tour, and some even pay to stay in very poor neighborhoods to experience the lowest living standards in the world. Poorism tours take place around the world, and not just in the third world countries. You can, for instance, tour New York neighborhoods in the Bronx, in the Bund of Shanghai. Such tours can take people into the heart of poor areas within large and in some rich cities. These tours may awaken people to pay more attention to long-standing poverty, or the effects of war.
Some suggest that tours in the poor areas can raise social care. And the money from the tour
can be donated to help the people there.
1. like to travel when vacations come.
| A．Few people | B．Poor people |
| C．Lots of people | D．Rich people |
| A．贫困 | B．穷人 |
| C．穷游 | D．可怜的人 |
| A．to show how rich they are | B．to experience the poor life |
| C．to enjoy the beautiful scenes | D．to see poor people |
| A．care for the poverty more | B．know about the countryside |
| C．go to big cities | D．go into the heart of rich cities |
