3 . You witness a man uses abusive (辱骂的) language towards his mother in a grocery store. Or you hear someone saying something mean to your friend at a party. Both are_________in which bystander intervention (干预) could make a difference._________, however, when_________with such situation, we may not be sure what to do. You are not alone. “When people are standing in a crowd and something bad happens, they tend to be_________,” said Alan Berken, an expert on the Bystander Effect.

However, the latest research shows that most people feel willing to help when they can. When they do not help, it is because they_________do not feel they have the_________to do so or are unsure about safety. “Actually, you can prepare yourself to be an active bystander by_________the Four D’s: distract, delegate (委托), delay or document,” says Alan. “An active bystander helps to challenge_________behavior.”

Distraction is a good start. Take the case of the man abusing his mother in the grocery store, don’t give the man a face-to-face blame, instead an active bystander can_________intervene by asking the man how to choose a ripe watermelon. This can help to ease the__________, which may turn the table.

As another__________, you can delegate. While witnessing violence, you can tell someone else to__________the authorities. Thirdly, asking the victim whether there is anything that you can do to help can also__________the upgrading of the situation.

Lastly, you can videotape the behavior with your cellphone. This documenting can be a__________to a would-be perpetrator (作恶者). But you have to be__________not to intervene in a way that could cause harm to you or the victim.

4 . My phone was an extension of myself. I couldn’t go anywhere _________ it. I scrolled through my friends’ _________ into late night and turned my phone on before my eyes were fully open. I enjoyed having it until that day when I realized that what had started as a useful tool had turned into a(n) _________. So, I made a _________ decision to turn off that smartphone and _________ my old dumb phone out of hiding.

When I was watching TV shows or movies and there was a boring part, I _________ picking up the phone and checking out “what everyone else was doing.” Now I had to pay attention or find a way to _________ myself with my thoughts instead. When I visited New York City, I had to write out _________ and ask people where an intersection (十字路口) was _________ pulling out my phone.

I have welcomed silence into my life with open arms and am enjoying the increased __________ from not constantly having to fight with the __________ to check my phone while I’m trying to get something done. I am allowing my thoughts to speak to me instead of my phone. I am connecting with others in a __________ way that isn’t all about me. Instead of always posting about what’s going on in my __________ perfect life, I am connecting with my friends one-on-one, talking about the reality of our lives and being there for them from a place of __________.

As much as having a smartphone was __________, not having one is freeing on a much bigger level.

5 . History has not yet _______ what we will definitively call the postmillennial cohort (2000年后出生的人) that now _______ more than 60 million people in the U.S. These kids and _______ with no concept of life _______ the Internet have so far been called the App Generation and Generation Z. They’ve been referred to as Homelanders, having grown up under the ghost of terorism. They’ve also been _______ the Plurals, for their historic diversity, as well as the Founders, at least by MTV.

Whatever we _______ naming them, marketers and academies are turning their attention to this group, which has billions in _______ and is already shaping the culture. This generation is growing up “totally and utterly connected,” says California State University psychologist Larry Rosen. Experts like Rosen have concerns about these kids’ Google-inspired expectations that everything be _______. They worry about their inability to _______ even five seconds of boredom. And they worry about the demands that come with ________ several identities online, from Facebook to Twitter to Snapchat. “There’s so much pressure on young people, who are still ________ their identities, to present this crystallized, idealized identity online,” says the University of Washington’s Katie Davis.

Historian Neil Howe sees ________ with the Silent Generation, the spoilt, risk-avoiding, “nice” generation of kids who grew up during the Great Depression and World War II, although some marked differences are found. Today’s youths are also coming of age among geopolitical trouble and fears about the economy, he says, ________ schools emphasize an intense far-reaching sensitivity to other kids. He suspects this ________ will be known for being well behaved and perhaps boring the culture by playing it safe. “There are typical examples that occur repeatedly,” Howe says, “even if they go by different ________.”

6 . Aloha is perhaps one of the most recognized words in the world. Many ________ use it to brand their goods and services. But there is more to it in Hawaii. It’s the spirit to ________ one another all the time, not only when a(n)________ strikes. And it was the ________ spirit of aloha that has brought warmth and strength to those who have ________ the deadliest wildfire in modern US history that swept across the historic city of Lahaina just a week ago.

Arica Lynn Souza, whose ________ was burned to the ground on August 8, describes aloha as being there when something happens and when someone ________ help. She thinks that it is the spirit of aloha that makes Lahaina so ________.

“I ________ with my two babies and a very small bag. The only reason why we’re able to have clothes on our backs and everything else is due to this kind of aloha feeling within our community and with each other.”

Kaliko Kaauamo is a Hawaiian-language expert and curriculum designer. When asked what aloha looks like, she quickly paints a ________ picture, “Aloha is the guy whose home was burned down, who has no clothes, finds his slippers, puts them on and ________ finds someone else to help without expecting anything ________. It’s a philosophy. It’s an appreciation. It’s a ________ love that we are born and raised with.”

During a disaster, community members usually ________ to help each other. But it is the ________ emotional attachment sets Hawaii apart from the rest of the world.

7 . Today’s youth will drive tomorrow’s growth. Young people have always confused their elders. Today’s youngsters are no different. They have thin wallets but ________ tastes. They long for authenticity while being constantly immersed in an artificial digital world. They ________ convenience and abundance. As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes (悖论) ________ and how they shop. The answers will define the next era of consumerism.

A good place to start analyzing the psyche of young consumer is to consider the ________ that has shaped them. At one end of the scale, today’s 30-somethings came of age in the midst of the global financial crisis of 2007-2009. Their younger peers were slightly ________, beginning their careers in years when tightening labour markets had pushed up wages until the covid-19 pandemic turned many of their lives upside down.

These two big ________ have contributed to pessimism among the young people who experienced them. A study found a widespread ________ among Gen Zs that they would be able to afford to retire. Less than half believed they would ever own a home.

In many ways youngsters’ shopping habits, like their lives, are defined by the “________ economy”. The popularity of social media means there are many new ways of attracting consumers’ eyeballs. Most young shoppers never knew a world without smartphones. More than two-thirds of 18- to 34-year-old Americans spend four hours or more on their devices each day.

These “always-on purchasers” often avoid a weekly shop so that they can have quicker ________ of everything from fashion to furniture. They like subscriptions, often favoring shared access to products over outright ownership, which has ________ online-rental sites and streaming services.

The internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising has ________ social media. Instagram and TikTok are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where ________ matter, such as beauty, fashion, and sportswear. ________ physical shops are not entirely out of favor. They can be successful as long as the experience feels personal and, ideally, integrates virtual and physical worlds.

How the young shop is clearly shifting. What they buy, too, is changing. What older generations consider optional, such as wellness and luxury, has become ________ for the young.

More broadly, young consumers claim to be more ________ than previous generations. Some of these values are centered around identity (race, gender and so on). Others stem from things the young care about, such as climate change.

9 . Like many young Chinese, Zuo had been raised from a young age to be “a good student”. As long as she followed the rules and worked hard, money and success would naturally followed. Zuo had followed the instructions to the_________. She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigious college inBeijing. However, when Zuo sent out a sea of job applications , She didn’t just fail to_________her preferred role; she didn’t receive a single_________.

For Zuo, the failure came as a crushing_________. Being a high flier, she was emotionally unprepared for such a setback. She struggled with anxiety for months: unable to sleep,_________ by guilt, and feeling compelled to repeatedly apologize to her parents and teachers.

But the ordeal (磨难) has left a profound impression on Zuo. The former teacher’s pet has transformed into a passionate_________of what she calls the ”good student mentality.“ In January, Zuo set up a group on Douban named “Victims of the Good Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passionate following.

“Good students” like Zuo tend to be_________vulnerable (脆弱的) to mental health issues. Successive studies have found that high achievers are more likely to_________ anxiety, depression than the general population. This is because high achievers like Zuo often excessively rely on _________ validation (认可) to support their self-esteem, leaving them unable to cope with setbacks. Over time, students __________ the externa world’s evaluation criteria as their own standard for self-assessment.

It’s clear that a diverse range of young people can__________victim to the “good student mentality.” Luckily, in Chinese education system, there is growing __________that student anxiety is a serious problem. A teacher in Shanghai, surnamed Dong, tells that “the good student mentality” is becoming ever more prevalent, with well behaved, introverted children__________seeking praise and awards as a way to __________their self esteem. If they fail to meet the school’s incredibly high standards, there’s a risk that it will trigger an emotional __________.Hence, Zuo recently wrote a welcome message offering new members some advice: “Be kind to yourself; challenge the norms; treat yourself well.“ And, most importantly:” You can be a “bad” kid.

10 . The first cellphone was invented fifty years ago. The man who ________ that phone, Martin Cooper, is now 94 years old.

In the early 1970s, Cooper worked for an American technology company. At the time the company and other manufacturers were ________ to create wireless phones that could work in vehicles and also be carried. There was ________ between manufacturers to build the first truly ________ phone.

Cooper made the first public call from a handheld portable telephone on April 3, 1973. The device, called Dyna TAC, ________ about 1.1 kilograms and was 23 centimeters long.

Today while Cooper is pleased that his ________ has opened up a series of technological possibilities for cellphone users, he thinks many people are just too ________ with their devices. “I am   ________ when I see some people crossing the street and ________ their cellphones. They are out of their minds.” Cooper said.

The modern progress of cellphones is sure to continue long into the future. Cooper ________ cellphone batteries could even be replaced by body ________ . “You ingest food, and you create energy. Why not have this receiver for your ear embedded under your skin, powered by your body?” he imagined.

Cooper also expressed ________ about how the device has created serious risks for ________ especially in the area of privacy. He hopes cellphones will continue to ________ in ways that can greatly help humanity. “Each generation is going to be smarter... They will learn how to use the cellphone more ________ ,” Cooper said.