1 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. extended   B. married   C. estimate   D. keeping   E. experiment   F. noticed G. glued   H. initially   I. replaced   J. sense   K. vastly

In South Korea, smartphone cases come with rings tied on the back of the mobile phones to prevent clumsy owners from dropping them. This makes people look like they literally are     1     to their phones. In many of Seoul’s most Instagrammable coffee shops, couples on dates spend     2     more time looking at their screens than at each other. The results go beyond the potentially damaging consequences this may hold for romance.

Walk around the streets of Seoul or any other South Korean city, and there is a real risk of bumping into people whose eyes are     3     to their smartphone screens. Insurers     4     that around 370 traffic accidents annually are cause by pedestrains using smartphones. That figure does not include those who bump into lamp posts and the like while watching the latest cat videos.

The government     5     tried to fight the “smombie” (a combination of “smartphone” and “zombie”) epidemic (传染病) by distributing hundreds of stickers around cities appealing to people to “be safe” and to look up. This seems to have had little effect, so the South Korean-capital has recently     6     the stickers with sturdier (结实的) plastic boards.

Instead of appealing to people’s good     7    , the authorities have therefore tried to save them from being run over. Early last year, they began to     8     with floor-level traffic lights in smombie hotspots in central Seoul. Since then, the trail has been     9     around and beyond the capital. For the moment, the government is     10     old-fashioned eye-level pedestrian lights as well. But in the future, the way to look at a South Korean crossroads may be down.

4 . Directions: Complete the following paragraphs by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. likely   B. common   C. necessary   D. sense   E. usual F. remains     G. drive     H. close     I. occurs   J. mobile     K. contact

Family Patterns in Modern Britain

The family is a central institution of modern British society, at least in the     1    that almost everybody has had experience of living in a family at some time in their lives. There are many different family patterns in modern Britain.

One pattern that was    2    in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today is where the parents and married children live    3    together but in separate houses. The family bond    4    strong and mothers and daughters are    5    to meet each other most days to talk or help each other. This pattern    6    more often in settled communities rather than in    7    ones, in the north of England rather than in the south, and in working class rather than middle-class families.

Another pattern is where parents and married children live further apart (usually about an hour’s car    8    from each other). Many of them meet only once or twice a month but keep in    9    by telephone and help each other when    10    . This pattern is growing and covers about half of the population. It is found especially in middle-class families in the south-east of England.

5 . Directions: Fill in each blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. caught             B. contexts                    C. flashed                    D. flood E. migrated             F. misspelled                    G. label                           H. spot I. term                           J. trick                           K. understood

Touching the thumb and index finger to make a circle, with the remaining three fingers held outstretched, is a gesture that people around the world have made for centuries, mostly in positive     1    . But in recent years, it has been converted for a more vicious purpose – to signify “white power”. Here is how the hand gesture became a disturbing one.

The widely     2     modern use of the gesture for approval seems to have arisen along with the     3     “O.K.” in the 19^th century when Charles Gordon Greene wrote jokingly in The Boston Morning Post about it being an intentionally     4     abbreviation for “all correct”. The expression     5     on, and the hand gesture, with the fingers forming something vaguely like an O and a K, became closely linked with it.

It became connected to “white power” in early 2017 as a hoax（骗局）. Some users of 4chan, an anonymous and unrestricted online message board, began what they called “Operation O-KKK” to see if they could     6     the wider world – and especially liberals and the mainstream media – into believing that the gesture was actually a secret symbol of white power. “We must     7     twitter and other social media websites with spam, claiming that the OK hand signal is a symbol of white supremacy,” one of the users posted, going on to suggest that everyone involved create fake social media accounts to spread the notion as widely as possible.

The 4chan hoax succeeded all too well, and ceased being a hoax: Neo-Nazis, Ku Klux Klansmen and other white nationalists began using the gesture in public to signal their presence and to     8     potential sympathizers and recruits. For them, the letters formed by the hand were not O and K, but W and P, for “white power”.

A number of high-profile figures on the far right have helped spread the gesture’s racist implication by producing it conspicuously in public. The gesture has     9     beyond ironic trolling culture to become a “sincere expression of white supremacy”, which could be seen in March 2019 when Brenton Tarrant, the white supremacist accused of killing 50 people in back-to-back mass shootings at two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, smiled and     10     the sign to reporters at a court hearing on his case.

6 . Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

A. generally       B. unnecessary       C. attitudes       D. reluctant       E. respect       F. cause G. incorrectly       H. sparkly       I. communities       J. protect       K. contributions

During the outbreak of COVID-19, almost everyone in China wears a mask to     1     themselves against the virus.However, many people in the West feel     2     to wear masks, even if there is an increasing number of their compatriots being infected.

According to the Global Times, different attitudes toward wearing masks largely lie in the cultures. In the West, what people     3     believe that unless one is already ill, wearing а mask is simply     4    .

Siva Kumar from the US is one of them. “Masks can only protect you from particulate matter in the air you breathe, but they can' t hold up microbes," Kumar told China Daily. “Wearing a mask when you’re healthy will     5     tension for others.”

US infection prevention specialist Eli Perencevich told Forbes, The average healthy person shouldn' t be wearing masks." She added, “If they wear them     6     it can increase the risk of infection because they’re touching their faces more often.”

However, for people in Asian countries like China, wearing a mask is deep- rooted in their culture.Valuing collectivism(集体主义), people in Asia always want to make     7     to the groups that they belong to. In such uncertain and potentially dangerous time, many people have taken their responsibility to wear masks to ensure the safety of their     8    .

Chen Xinjie, a media worker in Beijing, said, Wearing the mask for a long time is hot, stuffy (闷热的) and uncomfortable...But as a member of the group, it’s our duty to do so.

Influenced by social cultures, the     9     toward wearing а mask can be different in the East and West. But as US essayist Ralph Emerson once said, “We must each     10     others even as we respect ourselves.”

7 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. suitable       B. unfortunately       C. worsen       D. afford       E. risk       F. expensive G. ideally       H. provide       I. solution       J. remain       K. concern

In recent weeks, many parents have realized the difficult truth about school this fall because of COVID-19. Hoping for a better     1    , parents around U.S. have started organizing “pandemic (流行病) pods”, or home schooling pods, for the fall, in which groups of 3 to 10 students learn together in homes under the guidance of the children’s parents or a hired teacher.

For parents who can organize and     2     them, pods seem like an easy choice. “I don’t believe that the online courses for that age group are     3    . Kids at this age really need that multimodal sensory learning (多模式感官学习).” one parent said.

These pods could     4     families with a schooling choice that feels safe—yet also allows kids to have fun and build social skills. However, it also has unavoidable shortcomings.

Depending on how the pods are set up, they may offer parents break. But given that pods can be     5    , complicated to organize and self-selecting, it is possible that they are most popular among wealthy families, experts say, and may     6     educational inequality.

Another     7     about pods is that families may not know how to minimize Covid risks. Pods shouldn’t have more than five kids     8    , said Saskia Popescu, an infection prevention expert. When you add together the teacher and all of the kids’ family members, a seemingly small pod ends up including dozens of people, and the more people in it, the greater the     9     for coronavirus exposure (接触). Furthermore, families in learning pods shouldn’t socialize with people outside the pod unless they wear masks and     10     socially distant, Dr. Popescu said. Pods should have clear rules on wearing masks and washing hands.

8 . 选词填空

A.	stairs	B.	flexible	C.	indicate	D.	strict	E.	race	F.	order
G.	collectively	H.	convenient	I.	determine	J.	regard	K.	particularly

Ele.me Gave Customers Option to Wait Longer For Food Deliveries

Many food delivery riders in China risk their lives to meet deadlines even under extreme weather conditions, according to a report that has gone viral. On Monday, Chinese magazine Renwu published an investigation that found that many riders pay little    1    to traffic laws and risk their lives to meet ever-shortening delivery windows.

To solve this problem, in September, 2020, Chinese food delivery giant Ele.me launched a function that allows customers to    2    whether they are willing to wait up to ten minutes longer for their deliveries in response to public criticism over the treatment of couriers.

Renwu’s report, based on interviews with over 30 delivery riders from Ele.me and Meituan Dianping—which    3    dominate 90% of the food delivery market in China, according to market research firm Trustdata—discussed the riders’ working conditions and the systems that    4    their wages. Platforms, in fact, like Ele.me and Meituan use algorithms to reduce waiting times for customers without considering the safety of couriers. “Being a courier, you need to    5    against death and “battle” with traffic policemen,” the report said.

An article on the official blog of Meituan’s tech team states that riders should aim to deliver each    6    within 30 minutes after it is submitted, which would include the time for restaurants to prepare the food, and distribute it to riders, then for riders to travel to the delivery location, sometimes having to climb up several flights of    7    in the process.

Unlike Western economies where the so-called big economy has been hit by layoffs and the loss of temporary contracts, flexible work opportunities in China—    8    at logistics(物流)companies where delivery staff and drivers are in hot demand—are turning into a great chance for many who have lost steady work during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are, in fact, more than 4.6 million riders supporting the Chinese food delivery industry in the second quarter in 2020.

However, the    9    employment model can also mean unstable income and missing out on some of the protections that may come with a long-term employment contract. It’s a common phenomenon in China that food delivery riders violate traffic rules to meet deadlines. On the one hand, it’s due to the    10    requirements for delivery time on these platforms. On the other hand, food delivery is a “more work, more pay” job. The eagerness of riders to earn more is another reason.”

9 . 选词填空

A.	currently	B.	requests	C.	attitude	D.	common	E.	specially	F.	refers
G.	frequent	H.	practical	I.	contributes	J.	essential	K.	variety

The Art of Gift Giving in China

On my fifth birthday party, after having opened all of my gifts, I expressed my disappointment at the lack of planning and understanding of me that they revealed. Not much has changed since becoming an adult, except that I have learned to keep my mouth shut.

In China, though, my beliefs fit right in. Gifts are a(an)    1    part of friendships and business relationships, and Chinese people share my    2    that a gift should be special, and should have substance (实质).

That doesn’t mean expensive, and in fact it    3    to being “thoughtful”. In America, for example, it wouldn’t be uncommon for a friend to come to a dinner at your home and bring a candle. But in China, if you received a candle, it would have to be very, very special — such as a candle made only in the southern provinces of China from tallow tree (乌桕树) berries, using techniques that have been in place for more than 1,500 years. That’s    4    a gift.

I have received some beautiful gifts from my Chinese colleagues, including tea sets    5    made for me, hand-painted fans, paintings and many books with special significance.

In turn, I must give gifts. I have three standard gifts I use for first meetings: a coffee table book of Arizona photos, an Arizona snow globe and candy made from cactus (仙人掌). Sometimes the gifts I give are    6    things that my colleague    7    from America, such as vitamins and cosmetics (化妆品) not available in China.

As I travel throughout America, I also keep my eyes open for unusual regional gifts, like “tobacco spit” pottery from Kentucky, any “I Love N.Y.” items, United States Congress pens from the Capitol gift shop, California wines or polished semi-precious gems (宝石) from the Southwest. I keep a(an)    8    of gifts in my apartment in Shanghai that I am always restocking as I go back and forth from the United States.

Thanks to my    9    gift exchanges, I have received some amazing things that I truly cherish. And I am glad to finally have found friends who have much in    10    and enjoy giving and receiving meaningful gifts.

10 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

No More Food Waste

Last week Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations, including the China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help     1    new eating habits for customers.

“Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions,” the proposal said.

Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer     2     to consumers, including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to help them avoid food waste due to     3     information.

Catering associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste. On Friday the China Cuisine Association announced that it had     4     up with Ele.me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a “half-dish plan”,     5    restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.

The Wuhan Catering Association     6     an “N-1” ordering code for restaurants in which a group of 10 diners would only order enough for nine people. More food is only brought to the table if required.

To curb (限制) portrayals of food waste on social media platforms, popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content     7     of food-related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows.

Now if users search certain keywords, such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”, a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a     8    diet.

Across the country, about 40% of all the food Americans buy ends up in the trash. That food waste costs the average family of four about $1,500     9    . It also takes up valuable space in landfills.

The state of Vermont has long been a leader in environmental issues. Now it has just    10    down on its bid to get Vermonters to rethink their relationship with food and waste.

As of July 1st, it became the first state in the nation to make it illegal for residents to throw their food scraps into the trash. That means everyone in the state — from businesses to residents — must now keep their food waste out of the garbage.