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1 . Washington D.C. serves as the capital of the United States. The name, District of Columbia honors Christopher Columbus, and the city’s better-known name of Washington, honors the first president. However, it once again ranked first in terms of dangerous driving. The probability of a traffic accident in Washington residents is 109.3% higher than the national average.

As a result, Washington D.C. is working to identify drivers with a history of breaking traffic rules, such as speeding and illegal parking, to send pointed message to warn them seriously of their risks of getting into a deadly crash.

City officials say they hope the pointed messages will deter dangerous road behaviors. “ Some drivers are putting others at serious risk with speeding and red-light running and we hope that this creative approach can gradually reduce serious injury and crashes.” said Jeff Melley, director of the city’s Department of Transportation.

Researchers have studied the relationship between repeated traffic offenders and serious crashes, with some data suggesting a strong connection between the two. That means, drivers with multiple dangerous road behaviors are more likely to be involved in crashes. A team from The Lab led by researchers from the MIT will create a campaign. “We will evaluate whether high-risk drivers who receive these messages have fewer dangerous road behaviors, compared to the group of high-risk drivers who do not receive the messages.”

City officials said the purpose of these pointed messages is to educate the high-risk drivers. Jeff said, “there is no punishment or fine attached to the message and the campaign is to use data to directly communicate with individual drivers.” So some questioned whether the message will work. Anyway, efficient measures begin with creative tryouts.

1. What do we know about the approach to sending pointed messages?
A.It may put the drivers at serious risk of crashing.
B.It can punish drivers with records of traffic accidents.
C.It will completely reduce serious injury and deadly crashes.
D.It is the newest attempt with the aim of reducing serious traffic accidents.
2. What does the underlined word “deter” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Prevent.B.Increase.
C.Encourage.D.Discover.
3. What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A.Traffic offenders always cause serious accidents.
B.New drivers bear less blame for serious collisions.
C.Repeated traffic offenders are more likely to cause serious accidents.
D.Traffic offenders should not spend too much time on the road.
4. How do the team from The Lab know whether the approach works?
A.By sending messages to the drivers.
B.By comparing the impact of the approach on two groups.
C.By predicting the possibility of a driver’s involvement in a crash.
D.By checking the response of the receivers who get the messages.
2022-01-13更新 | 90次组卷 | 2卷引用:重庆市育才中学校2021-2022学年高二上学期期中英语试题
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2 . Starbucks recently made plans to build nearly 3, 000 new stores in China over the next five years. That almost doubles the number of stores here now. The company just opened its largest stores in Shanghai, China, which often has a long line of people waiting. It is opening a new store in China every 15 hours, and it now has plenty of competition. That marks an important change in the tastes and buying power of the growing market.

It’s no secret there’s a lot of tea in China. But coffee, not tea, is increasingly becoming the choice for China’s rapidly growing middle class.

Starbucks keeps opening hundreds of new stores here mainly because of China’s young people who are accepting coffeehouse culture. “You have a very young population that has got in touch with Western cultures easily,” Dave Seminsky said. He owns Sumerian Coffee in Shanghai.

There’s still a lot of room for the bean business here to grow. The ordinary person in China drinks just 3 cups of coffee every year, while the ordinary person in the U.K. drinks 250 cups and in the U.S., the number is 363. But that need and the influence of climate change on the world’s supply could lead to fewer beans and higher prices.

In the next 30 years, China could be bringing two to three million tons of coffee into the nation and the world’s supply of coffee now is 6.9 million tons. If coffee really does take off here, is there enough supply? Luckily, there’s still all that tea in China.

1. Why are China’s young people fond of drinking coffee?
A.They can afford Western products.
B.They want to look more international.
C.Their taste gradually changes as they grow up.
D.They grow up influenced by Western cultures.
2. What is a cause of the world’s coffee supply going down?
A.Competition in the coffee market.B.Changes in natural conditions.
C.More new drinks coming out.D.Terrible taste of coffee beans.
3. What may be the problem for the coffee market in China in the future?
A.The supply of coffee cannot meet people’s needs.
B.Tea will be the main drink for the Chinese.
C.Coffee beans cannot be grown in China.
D.Fewer companies will offer coffee.
4. The phrase “take off” in the last paragraph means ________.
A.leave the ground and begin to flyB.become popular
C.go away in a hurryD.remove clothing from the body
2021-12-23更新 | 135次组卷 | 4卷引用:重庆市璧山中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题(含听力)
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3 . Last weekend I made a journey from New York to London, with my daughter to see my mother. To my relief, the travel was far easier than I expected: the airports were empty, the plane was half-full and the airline staff kindly provided food and wine, which I drank greedily with a straw while wearing the required face mask. What I did not expect was to be hit with a culture shock on arrival in London.

In New York, face masks are now an inseparable part of life. Street signs declare “OUTSIDE WITH NO MASK? FORGET ABOUT IT!” Buildings carry more polite notices warning that anyone without a mask is banned. And even without them, almost everyone I see on the streets in my corner of Manhattan has their face covered. Strangers sometimes shout angrily at people who do not.

Indeed, there is such a strong sense of social pressure that in recent months I have worn a mask even when cycling alone, along Manhattan’s East river. And my daughter has taken to shopping online for “fashion masks”.

But not so in London. A new report issued by the Royal Society and the British Academy shows that, at the end of April, just 25 percent of Brits wore face masks in public places compared with 66 percent of Americans. We saw this for ourselves: in London, we appeared to be almost the only people wearing masks on the streets or in shops; even on public transport some seem to reject them.

Simon Roberts explains powerfully in a timely new book the Power of not Thinking. Habits matter deeply, but we rarely notice them — unless we travel. After a few days in London, I have started to “forget” my mask when I go outside. When I return to New York, I will have to relearn my habits all over again.

1. What does the underlined phrase “culture shock” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A.The loss of culture.B.Confusion and unfamiliarity.
C.The face mask.D.A huge welcome.
2. Which word best describes New Yorkers’ attitude towards mask wearing?
A.Serious.B.Disapproving.
C.Annoyed.D.Ambitious
3. In terms of mask wearing, which is the difference between Londoners and New Yorkers?
A.Londoners think mask wearing is only necessary on public transport.
B.None of the Londoners likes the idea of mask wearing.
C.New Yorkers should wear masks even if alone.
D.New Yorkers would react strongly to people without masks.
4. Why does the author mention the book the Power of not Thinking?
A.To stress the importance of realizing one’s habits with environmental changes.
B.To help people understand that each country has its own unique culture.
C.To encourage people to travel and explore the world.
D.To explain why there’s a culture shock.
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4 . There’s been a frightening increase in the number of people feeling lonely, brought on or made worse by COVID-19. In fact there’s been an epidemic (流行病)of loneliness.

Loneliness is awful and dangerous. For one thing it weakens self-control and that, University of Bristol researchers have found, makes quitting smoking very difficult. Moreover, data from hundreds of thousands of people led Dr. Robyn Wootton, senior research associate at Bristol University and colleagues to conclude that loneliness appears to increase the need to smoke.

According to the Office for National Statistics, the equivalent of 7.4 million people said their wellbeing was affected through feeling lonely in the first month of lockdown. Lonely people were also more likely to be struggling to find things that would help them cope and were also less likely to feel they had support networks to fall back on.

Dr. Robyn Wootton said, “We found evidence to suggest that loneliness leads to increased smoking, with people more likely to start smoking, to smoke more cigarettes and to be less likely to quit.” Senior author Dr. Jorien Treur from Amsterdam UMC added, “Our finding that smoking may also lead to more loneliness is tentative(不确定的), but it is in agreement with other recent studies that identified smoking as a risk factor for poor mental health. A potential explanation for this relationship is that nicotine from cigarette smoke has a great impact on neurotransmitters(神经传导物质)such as dopamine(多巴胺)in the brain.”

Dr. Wootton said with millions of people now being more socially separated, incidences of loneliness will climb. “We were really interested to find that loneliness decreases the likelihood of stopping smoking and we think this is a really important consideration for those trying to stop smoking during COVID-19,” she said. To ease your loneliness and improve your chances of succeeding in quitting, I think one of the best things you can do is to find a “buddy” who’ll try to give up smoking with you. Together you can compare notes, share progress, talk through difficulties, and encourage each other to keep on going when all you want is to give in.

1. What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A.Lonely people tend to seek something to deal with loneliness.
B.Lockdown do more damage to physical than mental health.
C.People suffering from loneliness often turn to others for help.
D.Self-control is the most important thing to overcome loneliness.
2. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Evidence.B.Smoking.
C.Loneliness.D.Finding.
3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.Millions of people failed the attempt to stop smoking.
B.A good way to stop smoking is to get a like-minded person.
C.Smoking is not advocated officially during COVID-19.
D.Those who want to quit smoking need to find good habits.
4. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A.Health Problems Caused by COVID-19
B.Opinions on How to Give Up Smoking
C.Some Ways in Which Loneliness Harm You
D.Loneliness Makes it Hard to Quit Smoking
2021-11-16更新 | 165次组卷 | 5卷引用:重庆育才中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
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5 . More than a billion people around the world have smartphones, almost all of which come with navigation (导航) apps such as Google or Apple Maps.This raises the question we meet with any technology: what skills are we losing? Talking with people who’re good at finding their way around or using paper maps, I often hear lots of frustration with digital maps.North/South direction gets messed up, and you can see only a small section at a time.

But consider what digital navigation aids have meant for someone like me.Despite being a frequent traveler, I’m so terrible at finding my way that I still use Google Maps every day in the small town where I have lived for many years.What looks like an imperfect product to some has been a significant expansion of my own abilities.

Part of the problem is that reading paper maps requires specific skills.There is nothing natural about them.In many developed nations, including the U.S., one expects street names and house numbers to be meaningful references, and instructions such as “go north for three blocks and then west” make sense.In Istanbul, in contrast, where I grew up, none of those hold true.For one thing, the locals rarely use street names.Why bother when a government or a military group might change them again? Besides, the city is full of winding, ancient alleys that meet newer avenues at many angles.Instructions as simple as “go north” would require a helicopter or a bulldozer (推土机).

Let’s come back to my original questions.While we often lose some skills after leaving the work to technology, it may also allow us to expand our abilities.Consider the calculator: I don’t doubt that our arithmetic skills might have dropped a bit as the little machines became common, but calculations that were once boring and tricky are now much more straightforward—and one can certainly do more complex calculations more confidently.

1. Paragraph 1 is centered on ________.
A.people who’re experts at finding way
B.the drawback of digital maps
C.the significance of digital maps
D.the disadvantage of smartphones
2. Which of the following does the author agree with?
A.Everyone can read paper maps with ease.
B.Road instructions are meaningful in Istanbul.
C.Digital navigation aids are quite helpful.
D.Using digital devices brings much trouble.
3. Why do locals seldom use street names in Istanbul?
A.Because street names are changed again and again.
B.Because street names are forbidden by the government.
C.Because old ancient alleys are replaced by new roads.
D.Because people there use paper maps a lot.
4. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A.Love paper maps, love digital maps.
B.A calculator a day keeps a skill away.
C.Using paper maps is objecting to digital maps.
D.Technology doesn’t necessarily mean abilities worsening.
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6 . “Your skin’s a bit dry,” one user commented on a video posted by Angie, a popular influencer who first appeared on Chinese social media last fall. “You should apply a face mask.” In the video, uploaded to Douyin, Angie’s skin looks not smooth. A yawn shows slightly crooked teeth.

Typical influencers might respond back with a comment, but Angie is not a typical influencer—she’s not even a real person. Unlike China’s other virtual influencers, Angie doesn’t pose in designer clothes or promote new songs. Instead, she wears simple white tees, drinks Coca-Cola and yawns on screen. Sometimes she can be seen with zits. And her down-to-earth image clearly relates to people on Douyin, where she has attracted over 280,000 followers to date.

Virtual influencers are nothing new in China. The country’s first digital personality Ling was created in 2020. With her sharp jawline, thin face and rosy lips, Ling reflects a traditional Chinese beauty ideal. But Angie offers a refreshing alternative in a country where demand for plastic surgery is increasing and beauty apps compete to create filters that show users more beautiful versions of themselves.

Angie is the creation of Jesse Zhang, director of a Shenzhen-based CGI animation company. Zhang thought it would be fun to create a virtual character with imperfect features who could help people relax and feel more positive about themselves. Angie started taking shape in 2020, and within three months Zhang had posted his character’s first video to Dyinbe December, she had already gained around 100,000 fans. “I didn’t think she would take off so quickly,” he said, attributing her popularity to her calming, casual videos.

Some fans have credited Angie with cheering them up or helping them reduce life’s pressure. Angie, last time I left you a message saying I was feeling really sad. Now, I’m doing much better,” The follower said they were preparing for the upcoming semester, and that they would try to work hard in school. “Keep pressing on,” Angie wrote in response, adding that sad moments will become things of the past.

1. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 imply?
A.Angie is facially damaged.B.Angie is not beautiful enough.
C.People don’t like Angie.D.Angie doesn’t have the face of a celebrity.
2. What is the major difference between Ling and Angie?
A.The image they have.B.The app they use.
C.The social media where they appear.D.The way they were created.
3. Why did Zhang create Angie?
A.For fame.B.For money.C.For work.D.For entertainment.
4. What can be learned from this passage?
A.Virtual influencers are quite new and strange in China.
B.Zhang predicted Angie would succeed on the social media overnight.
C.This imperfect virtual influencer is challenging beauty standards in China.
D.Angie’s popularity results from her humorous and easygoing character.
2021-11-14更新 | 37次组卷 | 1卷引用:重庆市2021-2022学年高三上学期期中11月调研测试英语试题
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7 . Have you ever heard someone say, “you totally look like you’re a Jessica” or something similar? People seem to think that they know what kind of person a “Jessica” or a “Michael” looks like. Why is this?

According to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, humans tend to associate (联系) people’s names with their appearance, and can even guess someone’s name based on how they look.

Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, collected thousands of photos of people’s faces. They labeled each photo with four names and then asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct.

The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38 percent of the time. It seems that certain features of faces give them clues about someone’s name, Reader’s Digest reported.

However, this only worked when the volunteers looked at names from their own culture. In addition, the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who used nicknames (绰号) more often than their real names. This may show that a person’s appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often.

This kind of face-name matching happens “because of a process of self-realization, as we become what other people expect us to become,” Ruth Mayo from the university told science news website Eurek Alert.

Earlier studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes can affect a person’s appearance. The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names. For example, people tend to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round. People may think that women named Rose are beautiful. They expect them to be “lovely” and “feminine (女性的)”, just like the flower they are named for.

1. What’s the purpose of the study?
A.To learn how names influence personality.
B.To figure out whether names relate to their looks.
C.To find out today’s most popular English names.
D.To show how men’s names are different from women’s.
2. What can we infer from the study?
A.Names have different associations in different cultures.
B.A less used name has a greater effect on the appearance.
C.Volunteers found it easier to guess nicknames correctly.
D.Volunteers rarely got wrong answers at face-name matching.
3. According to Ruth Mayo, why do some people look like their names?
A.They want to please everyone around them.
B.They don’t want to be different from others.
C.They grow into what others expect them to be.
D.They are influenced by people with the same name.
4. What does the underlined word “stereotypes” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A.Positive opinions.B.Wrong beliefs.
C.Unreal images.D.Fixed ideas.
2021-11-06更新 | 114次组卷 | 2卷引用:重庆市第八中学2021-2022学年上学期高一期中考试英语试题
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8 . Instagram is containing so many photos of food — now a pop-up diner in London is taking advantage of this new trend by letting people settle the bill for their meals simply by uploading photos of their dishes to social networks.

I always thought people’s taking pictures of their food was kind of silly, but at this new pop-up restaurant in the UK, I’d probably do it too. “The Picture House” is the world’s first pay-by-photo restaurant — you order, click a photo of the food, share on Instagram and eat for free!

The restaurant belongs to frozen food giant Birds Eye, who came up with the idea to take advantage of people’s obsession (迷恋) with photographing food and sharing the pictures online. They conducted a survey and found out that more than half of the British population regularly took pictures of their meals. So they realized it was a better way to advertise their new dining range.

The pop-up diner was open in Soho, London for three days in May, and is now moving to other major UK cities. They serve two-course meals that customers don’t have to pay for, if they photo and Instagram it.

The restaurant is a part of Birds Eye’s “Food for Life” campaign, a new marketing project that aims at changing the way people look at frozen food. “Taking photos of food enables people to show off and to share their mealtime moments — from the everyday to the special,” said marketing director Margaret Jobling.

The reaction to “The Picture House” has been great so far. And the pay-by-picture concept has proven to be an effective way. Alternative payment methods are actually gaining popularity among a lot of businesses. Last year, in a cafe in Germany customers pay by how much time they spend there, not by what they eat.

1. What is Instagram?
A.A restaurant free of charge.B.A frozen food giant.
C.A program used to share photos.D.A new marketing project.
2. What’s the author’s attitude to this new trend?
A.Negative.B.Interested.C.Confused.D.Unconcerned.
3. What’s the goal of the “Food for Life” campaign?
A.To reward the regular customers.
B.To raise the price of frozen food.
C.To create a new social media trend.
D.To change people’s opinions on frozen food.
4. Which is the best title for the passage?
A.Pay by PictureB.Food for Life
C.A New Dining TrendD.A Pop-up Diner
2021-11-06更新 | 95次组卷 | 2卷引用:重庆市第八中学2021-2022学年上学期高一期中考试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约400词) | 较难(0.4) |
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9 . The holidays are officially over, and while the vacation time could mean different things to people — catching up on competitive sports, eating amounts of food, or finally visiting your uncle — one thing is almost universal: the sentiment of “oh no, I have to go to work again.”

It’s easy to understand why we get a little depressed at the thought of coming back to everyday life. The post-vacation blues, the depression after the holiday, can have actual health effects. A journalist and travel writer Nneka Okona says, “For me, the dejection (沮丧) starts around the last 24 hours of a trip. I feel really down and sometimes even teary.”

But if vacations are supposed to be a significant boon to our happiness and well-being, why do we break down afterwards?

Jeroen Nawijn, a psychologist at the Breda University, says that though people generally become happier on their days off, those benefits weaken quickly after returning home. “They most likely feel best during vacation because they have more freedom to do what they want.” he explains.

Suzanne Degges-White, a therapist, echoes this sentiment. “Once we get back into the work world, the majority of us have to deal with piles of work,” she says. She also indicates the difficulty of rejoining the work life lies in the fact that duties don’t disappear when we go on vacation. “They know that problems may have stacked up in their absence. ” Degges-White adds.

Thankfully, there are ways to ease the sentimental blues. “Thinking ahead could also include making a to-do list for your first week back, keeping your work and living spaces clean and organized for your return.” Degges-White says.

One more tip: start planning your next vacation right away. “The only thing that has continually worked for me is booking another trip as quickly as possible.” Okona says, “My blues are disappearing if I know I have something else to look forward to.” She also recommends grabbing a useful rather than decorative souvenir(纪念品) so that you have something to tie your new experiences with your life back home.

Prepare you better for the reality that awaits post-vacation. And if all else fails, you can always try working your memories to trick yourself into happiness ever after.

1. Thinking of returning to work, most people will ________.
A.do sports and eat delicious food
B.use the remaining time to visits their relatives
C.feel down especially when their vacation is about to be over
D.deal with the harmful effects on health caused by depression
2. Which of the following can best describe the underlined word in Paragraph 3?
A.Something helpful.B.Something beautiful.
C.Something memorable.D.Something unforgettable.
3. What can we infer according to the passage?
A.Jeroen Nawijn and Degges-White differ about post-vacation blues.
B.Degges-White thinks post-vacation blues result from piles of work.
C.Jeroen Nawijn suggests giving people more freedom when they work.
D.Okona would choose a painting rather than local snacks as a souvenir.
4. What is the author’s opinion about dealing with post-vacation blues?
A.Happiness can’t be achieved.
B.Another vacation is the best way.
C.People should focus on their work.
D.If you will, some way can be found.
2021-11-06更新 | 166次组卷 | 2卷引用:重庆市南开中学校2021-2022学年上学期高一期中考试英语试题
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10 . Last year more than 13 Korean (韩国) TV series were introduced in China. Turn on the TV, and Korean beauties are appearing during peak viewing times(黄金时段). Some of the dramas are being repeated, but audiences continue to watch them. Why are the South Korean TV series loved by so many Chinese people? Cheng Yiting, a student from East China Normal University, gives us her reasons. She thinks that the good-looking actors with cool clothes and the beautiful sight in the dramas are the selling points for South Korean TV dramas. But what attracted the young audiences most is the pure and moving love stories.

And it seems that South Korean TV series has also won the hearts of middle-aged people. They are touched by the morals(道德)in the shows. These include the importance of respecting elders and social order. Though some people think South Korean TV series are too slow and too long, most of the Chinese audiences like them. Maybe we are really tired of Western TV series. Compared with that, South Korean TV series are not bad.

1. What does the underlined word "repeated" in the third line mean?
A.大长今B.流行
C.重播D.垃圾时段
2. What is the main reason why South Korean TV series are popular?
A.The series are slow and long.
B.The actors wear cool clothes.
C.The stories with morals in them are pure and moving.
D.The actors are cool.
3. What do you know about South Korean TV series from the passage?
A.Thirteen more South Korean TV series will be introduced to China.
B.Young audiences like South Korean TV series better than middle aged people.
C.All the South Korean TV series will be repeated this year.
D.Some Chinese think part of South Korean TV series are worth watching twice.
4. What does the writer want to tell us?
A.We are fed up with South Korean TV series.
B.South Korean TV series is a great success and popular in China.
C.South Korean TV series are better than Chinese TV series.
D.We can learn a lot from Korean TV series so we need to watch them again and again.
5. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?
A.Characters.B.Economy.
C.Tourism.D.Society.
2021-09-08更新 | 22次组卷 | 1卷引用:重庆市万州纯阳中学校2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题
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