3 . Have you run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking or texting without noticing what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” has kept rising, they have been given a new name — phubbers (低头族).

Recently, a cartoon put them under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers from all walks of life are buried in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfies (自拍照) in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.

Although the ending sounds overstated (夸大的), the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the result of it. “Continuously stretching (伸展) your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying. “Also, staring for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually.”

But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills. At reunions with family or friends, many people often stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.

It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.

6 . Best friends Joe and Paul spent the morning of fine 23, 1963, playing baseball. At about noon Paul started feeling _________. He wanted a hamburger from the store on Center Street with Joe.

“Ummm. I’ll ask my mom if I can go. I need her_________,” Joe said. The situation was difficult for Joe. There were_________ that he shall not sit with his friend because of the color of his skin.

Joe’s parents and many other people were trying to_________ those rules. They listened to the speeches of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr, who was trying to remove_________ practices completely.

“It’s hot, ” Joe’s mother said. “Why not take the bus to the store?” “No, me’ am. Bikes are_________” Paul hated riding the bus with Joe because they would be_________ to sit in the back?

When the boys reached Center Street. Joe started to get_________.

“Dad told me about some trouble here last week,” Joe said sadly. “I’ll just wait outside, ” “Not happening” Paul said, as he grasped Joe’s arm and the two boys. _________ into the store. Paul tightened his fists __________they headed for two empty chairs.

A waiter gave them a dirty look and__________ their way. “go around back if you’ re with him. ” he said, pointing at Joe.

Before the boys could responded, a soft voice interrupted the discussion. “These boys will be joining me.” The man and the boys__________ their bodies to see a woman in a wheelchair. “Excuse me,” she said smiling, as she moved her chair toward the man, __________ to go forward. Not wanting to appear__________ to the woman, the man stepped aside. Joe and Paul followed the woman to the chains. She parked beside them and talked steadily as they ordered and ate their lunch.

After the meal, she said, “Two friends like you, that shouldn’t be a problem.” Then she__________ away. Joe and Paul never got her name, but they never forgot her either.

Nowadays, more and more Chinese are aware of food waste issues. Even young people have a     1    (tend) to take home their leftovers when dining out, most of     2     will pack the dishes in doggy bags if the leftovers are still in good shape and there are also a lot left, according to the survey     3     (conduct) by China Youth Daily. The people born in the 1980s or 1990s believe that saving food     4    (be) a virtue.

Young people also gave their opinions on how to help reduce food waste. Some of them suggested restaurants’    5     (offer) the serving chopsticks, which would be important for customers to pack the leftovers. Others said that     6     might be useful to promote smaller or half portion dishes. Another good suggestion is that catering businesses give away coupons(优惠券) for     7     (customer) who clear the plates at dinner.

China launched     8     movement against food waste in 2013 and renewed the call early this year to create an     9     (increasing) prosperous society. We can all play a role       10     reaching the national food waste reduction goal -- to reduce food waste by 50% in the next ten years.

8 . “More and more consumers across the country are using cashless payment methods. The rapid development of third⁃party mobile payment tools is helping to encourage cashless payment across the country,” said Dong Ximiao, a researcher at Renmin University of China.

Although there were 3.4 billion third⁃party payment accounts in total in China in 2016, China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed countries like Sweden, Denmark and Singapore are also seeing that increase.

However, the rapid development of the cashless payment does not mean there are no challenges or criticisms. Alibaba’s Hema store has come under the spotlight (成为焦点) recently. The media said that consumers couldn’t buy goods in cash there, which would be considered illegal.

Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation’s two major third⁃party mobile payment tools, also launched campaigns this month to encourage more people to use cashless payment methods, which caused concern over whether cash will soon disappear.

“Some offline sellers refuse to accept cash, which influences the natural circulation (流通) of cash,” said Dong. He stressed that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. “Also it’s important to remember that nearly half of China’s population live in the country, and they are unable to enjoy innovation (革新) brought by the Internet,” said Dong. “And when it comes to China’s senior citizens, most of them prefer to use cash in their daily lives,” he added.

“It’s ridiculous (荒谬的) to question digital payment tools’ contribution to financial development. In the long term, various payment methods will be used by consumers, and merchants should respect consumers’ payment habits,” Dong noted.

9 . Growing up as kids we are told to share our toys and not to be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new trends growing all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?

“Oversharing” has become associated with social media, but it isn’t exclusive to this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?

Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (网络心理学), says the more details people uncover, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be.

However, Dr. Hand’s research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-only if the posts that we share are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives. It makes sense-if your date is going “that well”, would you really have time to share a photo with text?

So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.

10 . The idea of low material desire, low consumption and refusing to work, marry and have children, concluded as a “lying down” lifestyle, recently struck a chord with many young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.

Many millennials (千禧一代) and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that burdens, including work stress, family disputes and financial strains, have pushed them “against the wall”. They said they hate the “involution(内卷),” joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers.

“Instead of always following the ‘virtues’ of struggle, endure and sacrifice to bear the stresses, they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis (宣泄) and adjustment,” said a scholar. “It is no wonder that some young people, under the growing pressures from child-raising to paying the mortgage (按揭) today, would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind.”

Interestingly, the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times, who claim to be big fans of the lying down philosophy, acknowledged that they only accept a temporary lying down as a short rest. It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions, some Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear too much hard work. But in fact, lying down is not entirely comfortable. Young people who lie down always feel guilty about their constant loss of morale (士气) far beyond their reach.

“Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future, but most of us have rejected setting ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges,” a postgraduate student told the Global Times. “It’s no use running away. I have to ‘stand up’ and face the reality sooner or later.”