1 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one word that best fits.

The last time a female British scientist won the Nobel Prize for chemistry was in1964. Her name was Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin.     1     her, only two women had won the Chemistry prize: Marie Curie in 1911, and her daughter Irene Joliot-Curie in 1935.

Hodgkin was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1910, as the eldest of four daughters of John Crowfoot and his wife Molly. The girls were sent back to England when the First World War broke out. By the time she was 11 years old, Dorothy’s schooling had been a bit hit and miss. But she had spent a term     2     (learn) to grow crystals (晶体), and chemistry had enthralled her. At the Sir John Leman School, she had to fight to be allowed to take chemistry, which was seen as a “boys’ subject.” But she did well, and in 1928 she entered Somerville College, Oxford Universiy, to do a chemistry degree.

At every stage her parents, particularly her mother, encouraged her ambitions. No one ever said to her, as they did to other clever girls at the time, that     3     she was too brainy she’d never get a husband. It was in a book her mother gave her     4     Dorothy learned about the technique of X-ray crystallography (X射线晶体学). It’s a way of working out     5     a complex molecule is arranged in three dimensions. She immediately decided that was       6     she wanted to do.

Hodgkin was the most important leader and innovator in her field. The impact of her work led to her becoming the only female British scientist     7     (win) a Nobel Prize so far. The 1964 award recognised her work in discovering the 3D shapes of penicillin (盘尼西林) and vitamin B12.

Accurate knowledge of the shape of penicillin was very important in understanding how it     8     overcome bacterial infections. Her work is still of great significance in the development of new antibiotics. They are currently badly needed as some bacteria     9     (develop) resistance to existing drugs.

Hodgkin’s work also had a huge impact on the treatment of diabetes. In 1969, after 35 years of hard work, she figured out the 3D shape of the insulin (胰岛素) molecule. Insulin is an important hormone (激素) used by the body to process sugars in food. Understanding     10     structure is significant for human diabetes control.

Hodgkin was not only an exceptional scientist but also was, and continues to be, an inspirational role model to generations of researchers, both male and female.

2 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea of each paragraph in one complete sentence.

How Did Yuan Longping Revolutionize China’s Rice Production?

①Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Hubei. As a child, he was very interested in plants and other living things. He grew up to be a curious and hard-working plant scientist. Yuan wanted to solve the problem of food shortages, so he began conducting experiments to improve rice yields per hectare (10,000 m²).

②Plants come in many different varieties; for example, some types of rice have long grains, while others have short grains. For centuries, people have been crossing different plant varieties to create hybrids. Such plants proved to have desirable qualities from both parents. Yuan believed that it was possible to do the same with rice. He tried different ways of creating rice hybrids, only to discover that his attempts were unsuccessful.

③Even though it often seemed too difficult to complete this task, Yuan didn’t give up. After many years of hard work, his experiments finally bore fruit. This was a major discovery since no one had previously been able to cross two different kinds of rice. It had a huge impact: the first hybrid rice variety increased China’s rice production by 100 million tonnes in little over a decade.

④Yuan didn’t stop there — instead, he continued experimenting and created super hybrid rice with yields over 15 tonnes of rice per hectare. Thanks to Yuan’s work, China became self-sufficient in rice. Our country continued to increase its rice yields to become one of the biggest food donors in the world. In 2019, he received the Medal of the Republic for his outstanding contributions. At the age of 90, Yuan Longping still hasn’t retired. With a growing global population, the world needs to produce enough food to feed everyone, and Yuan is working to make this happen.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3 . Direction：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. Fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

ZHONG SHANSHAN was largely unknown in business circles outside China until a few years ago. But the low-key entrepreneur     1     (hold) onto his crown as China’s richest person for three years in a row. Zhong has also emerged as one of the very few who did not make their fortune in the tech industry. His signature company, Nongfu Spring, is an old-school enterprise     2    makes one of the plainest products in history ---bottled water.

Zhong’s inspirational journey to becoming a self-made (白手起家的) billionaire started with decades of perseverance (毅力) and hard work.     3     (get) to his current position, Zhong learned the hard way, gaining experience in media, sales and even farming.

At a young age, Zhong was forced to drop out of school. He struggled to help support his family,     4     (work) as a construction worker for 10 years.

After the gaokao was reinstated (恢复) in 1977, Zhong took the college entrance examination twice,     5     both times he failed to get admitted to a university. At the suggestion of his parents, Zhong gave up on another run and enrolled himself in a less-than-ideal college.

After graduation, Zhong worked as a reporter for the Zhejiang Daily. In 1988, the declaration of the Hainan Special Economic Zone (海南经济特区) inspired him to quit his job and move to the island province. There he established the Pacific Post newspaper and after its failure, a mushroom business.

The climate of Hainan did not favor mushrooms, and soon Zhong had lost all his money. He had more success selling curtains, but then lost all his money when he started a shrimp farming business.

    6     (inspire) by the potential in the health foods market, Zhong established Hainan Yang Sheng Tang in 1993 to launch various supplements (保健品). He had his first taste of success after rolling out a self- designed product. Despite a positive response in the market, intense (激烈的) competition in the industry prompted (促使) Zhong to think about other possible ways to grow. He concluded that     7     happened, people would need to drink water, and in 1996 he started Nongfu Spring.

The company became known for its obsession (执着) with water quality,     8    has been burned deep into the minds of Chinese consumers thanks to its catchy slogan, “Nongfu Spring, kind of sweet.” These simple words reveal a marketing strategy Zhong has mastered all too well, which is demonstrated by the entrepreneur’s famous quip (妙语): “We are not manufacturers of water. We are porters of nature.”

    9     his immense wealth and influence, Zhong has maintained a low public presence. In Chinese media, he is often referred to     10     a “lone wolf”. His reserved nature stands in contrast to the public personas of other famous entrepreneurs. This quality adds an air of mystique (神秘性) to his already fascinating story.

4 . The Book of the Millennium

When I was a graduate student in Oxford many years ago, I shared a house with a brilliant German sinologist (汉学家). Many visitors would pop into our house, and one night around the kitchen table I met a(n)_________character. His name was David Hawkes. A(n) _________ linguist, he directed Japanese codebreakers in his early twenties, during World War II. Later, as a teacher, he did wonderful translation of Songs of the South (楚辞), part of a poetic tradition earlier than anything that has _________ in the West. Then he became a professor of Chinese at Oxford, but, as he put it, “I resigned in order to _________ my time to translating a Chinese novel…Well, the Chinese novel.”

The book was Dream of the Red Chamber, written by Cao Xueqin. British _________ Anthony West wrote in The New Yorkerin 1958 that the novel is to Chinese literature “very much what The Brothers Karamazov is to Russian and Remembrance of Things Past is to French literature” and that “it is _________ one of the great novels of all literature.”

Hawkes eventually completed his great endeavor, with the help of his son-in-law John Minford, who _________the last two volumes of the five, which were published by Penguin between 1973 and 1986. Hawkes’ translation was _________ as an introduction to a “masterpiece”.

Dream of the Red Chamber was written in the 1750s “by a great artist with his very lifeblood,” said Hawkes. It is full of _________ detail of the social, cultural and spiritual life of the time. Studying it for non-Chinese readers has never perhaps been more useful. At a time when __________ of Chinese culture and identity is increasingly necessary because of the country’s new international role, getting insights into the heart of Chinese culture through a novel __________ recognized as one of the most influential produced in the Chinese language would seem as uncontroversial statement. Cao’s work while seen as essentially local and Chinese, is about __________ and the nature of human experience. That transcends the __________ of a particular language and context in which the novel is set.

The book as it stands in the Penguin version runs to 2500 pages — twice as long as War and Peace. __________ at first because of the large number of characters and their difficult names (to a non-Chinese reader). But once you are into it, it is a book into which the reader can completely __________ themselves; it is like anything else in all of literature.

1.

A．arrogant

B．fascinating

C．humorous

D．responsible

2.

A．decisive

B．frustrated

C．generous

D．talented

3.

A．copied

B．launched

C．revised

D．survived

4.

A．addict

B．devote

C．expose

D．reduce

5.

A．critic

B．critical

C．criticism

D．criticize

6.

A．beyond question

B．in doubt

C．in question

D．out of the question

7.

A．gathered

B．bought

C．sold

D．translated

8.

A．approved

B．appointed

C．elected

D．greeted

9.

A．boring

B．fake

C．imaginary

D．incredible

10.

A．appreciation

B．definition

C．determination

D．opposition

11.

A．barely

B．critically

C．specially

D．universally

12.

A．humanity

B．modernity

C．personality

D．sincerity

13.

A．boundaries

B．circles

C．perspectives

D．spaces

14.

A．Never-ending

B．Hard-going

C．Labor-saving

D．Record-breaking

15.

A．change

B．immerse

C．persuade

D．reduce

5 . 语法填空

On December 26, at the 2021 All-Japan Figure Skating Championship, Yuzuru Hanyu won the championship with a total score of 322. 36. The Japan Figure Skating Association had previously stated that the winner of the 2021 championship     1     (quality) for the 2022 Winter Olympics directly. With this victory, Hanyu thus secured his ticket to Beijing. This was the first time that he     2     (appear) in a competition after an injury had forced him to withdraw from the World Figure Skating Team Championships in April of last year.

As a two-time Olympic figure skating gold medalist, the 27-year-old is no longer considered young for an athlete of his status,     3     he has nonetheless been working hard to live up to the measure of his own goals.     4     (return) from injury, he showed us again why he was considered to be one of the greatest men’s skaters in the history of the sport.

During the competition, Hanyu’s first attempt at performance a 4A jump -- the most difficult jump in figure skating -saw both of his feet     5     (hit) the ice. Despite some small mistakes in his performance, it was the brief moment of weakness     6     (show) in his landing leg that might have finally contributed to his failure to land the jump successfully. In a post-competition interview, Hanyu said it was his long-time goal to successfully execute a 4A jump and that he had done his best to do so this time around.     7     he was unable to perfectly land his 4A jump, this was indeed the first 4A jump in the sport’s history     8     (attempt) in a figure skating competition.

Hanyu said after the competition that he had felt a lot like     9     (cry) before his warm-up session. As he put it, “I don’t know how many more times I can continue to see this kind of scene. All the hard work I’ve done up to this point and all the different memories I’ve accumulated, suddenly overwhelmed me.” Nothing can embody (体现) the Olympic spirit more than a figure skating veteran (老将) still striving to achieve his dreams regardless of a career that has already established him     10     nothing short of a legend in his sport.

6 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. broadcast        B. estimates          C. involves          D. performing E. barriers        F. themes        G. amateur        H. hire I. boost          J. demanding       K. proving

“MEN ARE adorable,” begins Yang Li in a sketch first aired last year. “But mysterious...After all, they can look so average and yet be so full of confidence.” It seemed a gentle dig by the newly crowned “punchline queen” of “Rock and Roast”, a television show starring     1     comics. But as Ms Yang’s fans spread the joke, male netizens threw a tantrum. Last month a group of them reported the 28-year-old to the     2     regulator for “sexism”.

Long the stars of Chinese joke-making, men are unhappy about being the butt (笑柄) of it. Chizi, a popular male contestant on “Rock and Roast” with a special liking for boorish jokes, sniffed that Ms Yang was “not     3     comedy”. Guo Degang, a master of xiangsheng, recently said he would not     4     women for his troupe (剧团) (“out of respect”, he said).

Western-style stand-up comedy has taken off since it appeared in China a decade ago. It is     5     to be a more accessible art form for female comics. With stand-up, says Evangeline Z, a 27-year-old comedian in Shanghai, “there are no     6     to joining as long as you can talk.” Moreover, women bring new     7     to the stage.

The show, which began in 2017, has been a(n)     8     for Chinese stand-up and female participation in it. Evangeline Z says the form of comedy is “huge” in Shanghai. And she     9     up to half of the city’s 50-odd weekly performances are by women. But male and female comics alike warn spectators that what they are about to say could be offensive and they should not take offence. Xiao Ju, a 22-year-old part-time comedian, also in Shanghai, says that showgoers expect to come in for “a bit of easy laughter”, so are angry when the joke reveals something about themselves.

Ms Yang has used the backlash against her gag to create a new one. It     10     an exchange with a male colleague who approvingly notes her testing of men’s limits. Her mock-incredulous riposte: “Do men have limits?”

7 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

A. appreciate   B. artificial   C. proportions   D. summarized   E. wealth   F. circumstances G. contributions     H. documentary   I. civilization     J. innovators     K. mark

If you had to pick one, who do you think is greater in terms of their     1     to the Western world: British physicist Isaac Newton or Greek philosopher Aristotle? Chances are that you’d find it hard to make a decision, at least right away.

But somehow, when choosing a major in college, the line between the two areas of study couldn’t be clearer. Science majors -- the likes of technology, engineering, math -- are considered to be more practical choices because of the     2     of opportunities, while those who choose a liberal arts major -- language, music, philosophy -- may have more difficulty finding a job.

But perhaps we should look at liberal arts studies in another way to understand its value. In the BBC’s     3     Civilizations, for example, presenters take us to 31 countries on six continents to     4     human creativity in its tangible form, such as Angkor Wat in Cambodia, and the Suleymaniye mosque in Turkey.

To Simon Schama, one of the presenters, human     5     isn’t just about technological inventions or meeting basic needs, but about creating things for the purpose of leaving a person’s “    6     of their existence for future humans to witness and admire”.

By comparing science and liberal arts, we’re drawing “an     7     line” between the two, wrote Loretta Jackson-Hayes, an associate professor of chemistry at Rhodes College in Memphis, US, on the Washington Post website. And to some of the greatest     8     in history, this line never existed in the first place.

Leonardo da Vinci, for example, was just as successful a scientist as he was a painter. He was so interested in biology and anatomy that he drew the famous Vitruvian Man, part of his study of the     9     of the human body. Then there’s Steve Jobs, who, despite being an engineer, was also an artist. He     10     his view on the relationship between science and the arts in 2011: “It’s in Apple’s DNA that technology alone is not enough -- it’s technology married with liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields us the result that makes our heart sing.”