1 . The Yurok people have lived along the Klamath River, which flows from the Cascades in Oregon southwest through Northern California, for thousands of years, protecting the region and river from which they — and others — draw sustenance (生计).
But as development and pollution continue to reduce the number of fish in the river and the quantity and quality of its waters, the Yurok Tribe is legalizing (合法化) the tribe’s longstanding care by granting the Rights of Personhood to the Klamath, the first river in North America to have such rights declared.
The Yurok Tribal Council’s May 2019 resolution means the river has the same legal rights as a human under tribal law. This order allows people to bring law cases on behalf of the river when its rights are violated. According to the resolution, the tribe’s intention is to provide a legal basis for safeguarding the river and its ecosystem, especially in the face of water diversion, industrial pollution, and climate change impacts, among other threats. In a testimony (证词) delivered to the U. S. House of Representatives in October 2019, Yurok Tribe Vice Chairman Frankie Myers said this legal framework could create a path to ward a more thoughtful view of the rights of nature in other communities and courts, and that any money awarded by the Yurok courts will fund cleanup and restoration projects to remedy the litigated harms.
The Yurok Tribe’s resolution draws lessons from the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and echoes the efforts of other Indigenous tribes, including the White Earth Band of Ojibwe, which adopted the Rights of wild rice, in December 2018. “This is a very important step forward in the Rights of Nature movement,” Mari Margil, Associate Director of the Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund commented.
1. Which of the following can be used to describe Yurok people?| A．A conqueror. | B．A guardian. | C．A governor. | D．A consumer. |
| A．The process of legalization. | B．The tradition of Yurok tribe. |
| C．The reason behind the legalization. | D．The importance of the Klamath River. |
| A．Win an award in cleanup projects. |
| B．Protect the personhood of the river. |
| C．Fight against global water pollution. |
| D．Improve the government legal system. |
| A．Time and tide wait for no man. |
| B．Birds of a feather flock together. |
| C．Past experience is a guide for the future. |
| D．All things are difficult before they are easy. |
2 . People in 29 states can legally use medical marijuana（X #K）for a variety of problems, including the relief of pain, anxiety or stress. But what if they want to travel with it?
Secure airport areas beyond the Transportation Security Administration（TSA）checkpoints are under federal control, and the federal government classifies marijuana as a Schedule I（most harmful）substance, even in states where it is legal for adults to consume it.
The laws conflict, but federal lawtrumpsstate law, making it illegal to fly with marijuana in carry-on or checked luggage. It is also illegal to transport marijuana across state lines, even if both states have legalized it.
Still, some passengers, especially on domestic flights, take the risk, because searching for marijuana is the TSA’s to-do list. The agency focuses “on terrorism and security threats to the aircraft and its passengers, "a spokesman, Bruce Anderson, said. Airport screeners are looking for things that can take down an airplane, like guns or explosives, not marijuana, he said. But if screeners do notice marijuana in someone's carry-on or checked luggage, Mr. Anderson said, they will call in local airport law enforcement officials to deal with it.
Of the 54 million passengers who went through Denver Interactional Airport in 2015，the TSA stopped just 29 for possession of marijuana, an airport spokesman, Heath Montgomery, said. In those cases, as long as the amount was legal for personal possession in Colorado--one ounce of dried flower, for example-the local police simply asked the flier to dispose of it, either by throwing it in the trash or taking it home. All 29 obeyed, and no tickets were issued.
Local airport authorities handle the situation differently in different states. In Florida, where medical marijuana is legal but recreational use is not, few are stopped for possession in the airport, t they do face penalties（处罚.Eleven of the approximately 2.8 million passengers who were screened by the TSA at Jacksonville International Airport in 2016 were detained（扣押）for possession of marijuana, said Michael D. Stewart, the airport’s director of external affairs. All were arrested or given a notice to appear in court, he said.
1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "trumps" in Paragraph 3？| A．Respects | B．Beats |
| C．Explains | D．Observe |
| A．To classify marijuana | B．To legalize the transport of marijuana |
| C．To search luggage for marijuana | D．To spot items likely to blow up |
| A．29 passengers in all were detained by the TSA. |
| B．Lots of passengers with marijuana passed the checkpoints. |
| C．No passengers were punished for possession of marijuana. |
| D．It received an increasing number of security threats. |
| A．Marijuana can’t be used for entertainment |
| B．It is the same as the law in Colorado |
| C．Patients won’t be screened by the TSA |
| D．Doctors giving patients marijuana face penalties |
