组卷网 > 高中英语综合库 > 主题 > 人与自我 > 日常活动 > 日常生活
题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:52 题号:10014248

Although we live in an era where everything seems to be available immediately, our study suggests that today’s kids can delay gratification(满足感) longer than children in the 1960s and 1980s,“ said University of Minnesota psychologist Stephanie M. Carlson.” This finding stands in great contrast with the assumption by adults that today’s children have less self-control than previous generations.

The original marshmallow(棉花糖) test conducted by researchers at Stanford University involved a series of experiments in which children aged between 3 and 5 years were offered one treat that they could eat immediately or a larger treat if they waited. Researchers then left the room to see how long the children would wait and watched from behind a one-way mirror.

Interestingly, today's adults thought that children nowadays would be more impulsive and less able to wait, Carlson found. "Our findings serve as an example of how our beliefs can be wrong and how it's important to do research,” said co-author Yuichi Shoda, PhD at the University of Washington.

The researchers offered several possible explanations for why children in the 2000s waited longer than those in prior decades. They noted a statistically significant increase in IQ scores in the last several decades. Another explanation may be society's increased focus on the importance of early education, according to Carlson. The primary objective of preschool changed from largely custodial care (监护) to school readiness in the 1980s. Parenting also has changed in ways that help promote the development of executive function, such as being more supportive of children's self-control, the researchers noted.

Walter Mischel of Columbia University, who co-authored this paper, noted that “while the results indicate that the children’s ability to delay is not weakened on the marshmallow test, the findings do not speak to their willingness to delay gratification when faced with the many temptations now available in everyday life.”

1. According to the passage, what is the adults' assumption about today's children?
A.They are not easy to please.
B.They are less able to control themselves.
C.They don't like things that are easy to get.
D.They have different personalities from previous generations.
2. What does the underlined word "impulsive " in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.productiveB.considerate
C.clear-mindedD.hot-headed
3. What did the researchers find about children in the 2000s?
A.They are more prepared to go to school.
B.They are not as clever as previous generations.
C.They are taught self-control only by their teachers.
D.They don’t need any custodial care in their early childhood.
4. What does the author want to tell readers in the last paragraph?
A.Most children nowadays can't resist the temptations of everyday life.
B.Children chose to delay gratification willingly in the marshmallow test.
C.The test can’t accurately measure children's willingness to delay gratification.
D.Children’s ability to delay gratification is weakened because there are many temptations.

相似题推荐

阅读理解-阅读单选(约390词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校

【推荐1】Take a look at your fingers. Would you believe me if I told you that the length of your fingers in relation to one another can predict your personality? I know that it sounds like one of those silly tests you see on Facebook, but I have to admit that it was spot-on for me.

Look at your three middle fingers of your left hand. Is your index finger(食指)longer than your ring finger? Is your ring finger longer than your index finger? Or are the two the same length?

Category 1: A longer ring finger. If your ring finger is longer than your index finger, research shows that you’re likely a charming type, and you can probably talk yourself out of any situation. Others often find this personality type irresistible and will go to great lengths to help you. You’re more likely to take risks, and you’re good at problem-solving. People in this category make great engineers, soldiers and crossword-puzzle solvers.

Category 2: A longer index finger. If your index finger is longer than your ring finger, chances are you are full of confidence — possibly even to the point of being over-confident and too proud. You are not necessarily introverted(内向的),but you do enjoy time to yourself especially when you’re trying to complete a project. You are a determined go-getter who can make things happen, but you may be shy when it comes to taking the first step in building up a friendship. You are also probably happy with what you have, but you’re always wishing for more.

Category 3: The two are the same length. If your index finger and ring finger are roughly the same length, you are likely to avoid conflict at all costs and seek to keep the peace in your relationships. You are well-organized, faithful and sympathetic. But deep down under all of that caring and peace-loving, you also have a fiery core(暴躁的本质)and can lash out(猛然怒斥) unexpectedly when you’re pushed too far.

How well did these descriptions match your personality? I was surprised at the accuracy(准确性)in my case.

1. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A.Never believe the silly tests on Facebook
B.The length of fingers can reveal personality
C.Why your fingers are not of the same length.
D.How to find out about one’s personality accurately.
2. What does the underlined word “spot-on” in Paragraph1 mean?
A.Very funny.B.Quite easy.C.Exactly correctD.Completely strange.
3. According to the passage, people with a longer ring finger tend to be _____.
A.cautiousB.catchingC.hard-workingD.warm-hearted
4. Which is the case with people who have a longer index finger?
A.They are always satisfied with what they have.
B.They always feel confident and never feel shy.
C.They are not welcome most of the time.
D.They prefer to be left alone when working on a project.
5. Which is a suitable match for “Category 3” people?
A.The sweet talkerB.The self-important- one.
C.The introvert.D.The peacemaker.
2021-01-13更新 | 82次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校
【推荐2】(Q = Question; A = Answer)
Situation I

Q: If someone sits right next to me in an empty movie theater, is it rude to move?

A: Maybe, but nobody will fault you for it. Chances are that close sitter doesn't realize he disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance. You undoubtedly aren't the first person he's met who needs enough room. Forgive his bad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show.


Situation II

Q: If I use the bathroom at a store, do I need to buy something?

A: Consider frequency and urgency. Is this a one-time or an emergency? If so, you don't have to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. However, if you regularly use the bathroom at this place, then you are a customer, and you should act like one.


Situation III

Q: If someone is talking loudly on the bus, is there a nice way to ask him to keep it down?

A: No. Try other means.1) Stare at him until he gets aware of it and quiets down. 2) Lift your finger in a silence motion(动作)and smile. 3) Put on earphones and ignore him.


Situation IV

Q: If I remember my friend's birthday a day late, should I apologize or just wish her a happy birthday like nothing happened?

A: This is the reason why the word belated was invented. "Happy belated birthday!" is short for: "Well, I know I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday."


Situation V

Q: Can I lie about seeing a text because I was too busy or lazy to respond(回复) to it?

A: Don't lie. Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond to it. Why waste a perfectly good lie when the truth will serve? "Yes," you can say if ever asked, "I saw it." No explanation is needed as to why you don't respond.

1. You will get annoyed in a theater when ________.
A.a person is too active
B.a person is too rude to you
C.a person talks too loudly
D.a person sits too close to you
2. How will you quiet someone down in a public place?
A.By making fun of him continuously.
B.By looking purposefully at him.
C.By talking to him directly.
D.By pointing angrily at him.
3. The underlined word "belated" in Situation IV probably means ________.
A.predicted(say that sth. will happen before it happens)B.returned
C.cancelledD.delayed(make sb./sth. late)
2021-11-17更新 | 40次组卷
阅读理解-七选五(约180词) | 适中 (0.65)

【推荐3】It goes without saying that plastic is killing our planet.    1    . Here are some ways you can do your part for the earth:

Go cupless

Plenty of restaurants and cafes are now rewarding their customers with discounted drinks.     2    . Many cups for hot drinks are advertised as recyclable. Skip out the fuss and simply bring your own for a guilt free and cheaper coffee

Buy local

A brilliant way to avoid buying needless plastic is to buy fresh produce from local shops. Supermarkets contribute more than 800,000 tonnes of plastic packaging waste every year.    3    .

Cut down on packaging

Companies such as Lush are passionate about bringing beautiful eco-friendly products to their customers and have very little packaging. Get to know the companies you buy from.     4    .You may get to be surprised at the recycling options they give

    5    .

It has become the norm on a shopping trip to buy many cleaning products. But, there’s a safer and more eco-friendly way to go about it. Cut out the packaging and harmful ingredients by creating natural products of your own. You can make the cleaning products all by yourself.

A.Work together
B.Do a little DIY
C.Get to support them
D.And most products they sell include avoidable plastic
E.By buying locally you reduce the waste and support locals
F.The only condition is that they bring in their own reusable cups
G.It's true that we’ve started to take notice but so much more needs to be done
2021-11-11更新 | 141次组卷
共计 平均难度:一般