Doctor are known to be terrible pilots. They don’t listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather. I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.
I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather.
The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot --- and my boss --- so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now!” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.
CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn’t overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I’m in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from “landing gear up”.
1. What does the author say about doctors in general?| A．They like flying by themselves. |
| B．They are unwilling to take advice. |
| C．They pretend to be good pilots. |
| D．They are quick learners of CRM. |
| A．he saved the plane by speaking up |
| B．he was in charge of a flying task |
| C．his boss landed the plane too late |
| D．his boss operated on a patient |
| A．following flying requirements |
| B．overreacting to different opinions |
| C．listening to what fellow doctors say |
| D．making a mistake that may cost lives |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】I never thought I would go far from home. I was an ordinary high school student from a working-class family，and I didn’t think traveling the world was in the cards for me. For my undergraduate and doctor degree，I only applied to universities within an hour of my hometown in the United Kingdom. Staying at the same university seemed like the safe option. A few years later，as I was considering a postdoc（博士后），I once again wanted to stay close to home，in the comfort of my Ph. D. lab. But I hope to run my own lab one day，and I knew that seeing a different approach to science would be valuable.
I heard about a fellowship program in Japan that sounded like a good fit. The flexibility of the program appealed to me. I could choose how long I would be there-rom as little as a month to as month as a year-long enough to experience a new place, learn and get some msearch done but short enough to make the experience less scary. I thought of it almost as a holiday, somewhat like going to a conference in an interesting far-off place.
But when I was accepted, the head of the group I was going to join wanted me to stay for the full year. I hesitated. After much thought, I worked up my courage and signed on for the year-knowing that, if things went badly. I could come home earlier.
Almost everything was different from what I was used to, but getting used to these differences was easier than I had expected. Eating out with my labmates offers a great communicative opportunity. Talking with my new colleagues about their experiences conducting mearch in other countries helped open my eyes to new ways of doing things.
After my fellowship, I thought I would leave Japan to do a postdoc elsewhere. But when my fellowship adviser offered me a longer-term position in his lab. I couldn’t say no. This time,though,it wasn’t because I was afraid to go somewhere new. It was because I wanted to take advantage of an exciting opportunity. After the jump I took with fellowship. I now feel I can do anything.
1. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?| A．He was a typical in doors man. |
| B．He always worried too much. |
| C．He suffered serious homesickness. |
| D．He liked to stay in familiar places. |
| A．The friendly labmates. |
| B．The fun-filled holiday. |
| C．The handsome starting salary. |
| D．The flexible working schedule. |
| A．slightly different |
| B．very challenging |
| C．easier than thought |
| D．dull and predicable |
| A．Learning Happens in a Comfort Zone-4. |
| B．When in Japan. Do As the Japanese Do |
| C．Leaving Comfort Zone Can Be Rewarding |
| D．The Longest Joumey Begins with the First step |
【推荐2】Whether you are entering the job market for the first time or you are already at work, you have to know the various fields where you can work and the types of jobs available per field. Now it is time that you gained basic knowledge about ten common field of work and some types types of jobs n that field.Here they are:
Technology Jobs
The technology field is always growing very fast, so job growth in the field is also constantly booming. Here, you are always in the cutting-edge. However, you always have to update your skills when you are working in technology. Engineering and IT graduates are people who primarily do work related to technology.
Education Jobs
Here is a field which allows you to share your knowledge with others. You need subject-matter knowledge and teaching skills to be in this field.Most of all, you need plenty of hearts. While the everyday life teachers may be tiring, education is one of the most fulfilling(令人满意的)fields to enter. You may need some certifications, though.
Healthcare Jobs
Healthcare professions enable you to use a great knowledge base of the human body and of latest health advances so you can save lives, provide comfort, cure illness, and maintain people’s health. Work here is often done in hospitals and private clinics.
Science and Mathematics
Discovering new knowledge is the primary task of scientists and mathematicians. Training here takes a long time and goes beyond getting a bachelor’s degree. However,the work will be fulfilling, especially that you may be at the edges of revolutionary discoveries. You can also use any experience and research skills acquired in either field to work in regular employment setting.
1. When you are in search of a job ________ .| A．you should know yourself well |
| B．you should have gained work experience |
| C．you should have a good command of technology |
| D．you should be expert in different job fields |
| A．efficient | B．patient |
| C．pessimistic | D．unwilling |
| A．you are always in a dangerous situation |
| B．you have to deal with difficult problems |
| C．you have to get on well with others |
| D．you need to often learn new knowledge |
| A．Training for a long time. | B．Discovering new knowledge. |
| C．Using experience and research skills. | D．Getting a bachelor’s degree. |
【推荐3】Countless people’s first jobs were part-time positions. This is partly because full-time jobs are more difficult to obtain, and part-time jobs require less responsibility in general. Employers like to hire people for part-time jobs, as they often do not require them to hand out benefits. My first official part-time job was working at my community college as a writing and English tutor.
I still got poor grades in English and writing in high school. It was only in college that I began to flourish (起色) with a pen and paper. By my second year of college, I was often getting “A” grades or hearing praise from my professors. I think this transformation happened due to my enthusiasm for written word, and this excitement assisted me in overcoming my difficulties.
What astonished me most in my part-time job was that the ESL (English as a second language) students were often better writers than the native people I tutored. I think this was due to the fact that they seriously studied English grammar, punctuation and composition, whereas the native speakers took English for granted. What also surprised me was how people-friendly I could be. In high school, I was mostly a loner, and found comfort in books, my chess board and my computer. But in college, I became increasingly outgoing through my job.
I believe this experience is not only a great step forward towards full-time office work, but it’s also taught me that I love teaching and interacting with people of various backgrounds. In addition, I’ve learned the joy of working around my own schedule. Through having several part-time jobs, I can say that this type of work allows one to be happier, healthier, and have a better outlook on one’s assignments.
1. What can we learn from the passage?| A．Part-time jobs are harder to acquire than full-time jobs. |
| B．Part-lime jobs are win-win for both applicants and employers. |
| C．Teaching people from different cultures was too demanding. |
| D．The writer suffered a lot from the tight schedule as a tutor. |
| A．The benefits of excellent writing. |
| B．The difficulties in learning to write. |
| C．The writer's writing courses in college. |
| D．The writer's experience in leaning to write. |
| A．Efforts were often in vain for ESL learners. |
| B．Many native speakers were talented writers. |
| C．He became more easy-going and sociable. |
| D．He was addicted to reading and chess-playing. |
【推荐1】Easy things you can do to be more polite
It’s important to be polite to build meaningful relationships and to grow a individuals (个体). And though our lives and friendships might change as we get older, the desire to be the best ourselves should not.
Say “please” and “thank you”
One of the best life lessons we learn from our parents at an early age is to always say “please” and “thank you. ”
William Shakespeare said it best: “Better three hours too soon than a minute to late.” Three hours early may go too far, but the message is clear don’t be late. And if you’re running late, tell the people you’re meeting ahead of time so they know where you are.
Return phone calls.
In this day and age, phone calls are rare. Sending a text is a quicker way to get a message across, and it’s usually just as efficient.
Write “thank you” notes
Writing a “thank you” note for someone who bought you a gift or joined in your celebration is very important.
| A．Be on time. |
| B．Don’t waste your time. |
| C．This is a rule that stands the test of time. |
| D．You shouldn’t be tired of saying “please” and “thank you” |
| E．Here are easy things to do if you’re aiming to be more polite |
| F．It takes time to pick the perfect gift for a friend or to travel to a party. |
| G．But if someone does give you a call, its polite for you to make the effort to return it. |
【推荐2】One of the most important ways to help your child with their friendships is to have open communication with them.
Meeting possibilities
Practicing forgiveness
Friends sometimes hurt each other, but they can always apologize and forgive each other.
Who your teen chooses to be their friend is important. They might choose friends who share similar interests and histories with them. The most important things to look for are whether or not the person will be a good friend and if your teen enjoys spending time with them.
Putting in the work
It takes many learned skills to make and keep a friendship. It also takes many skills to end a friendship. The reality is that most friendships will experience conflict, and friends will have to work through it to keep the relationship or part ways.
| A．Building closeness |
| B．Choosing friends wisely |
| C．Moreover, aim to listen to what they have to say |
| D．A good friend will make you feel good about yourself |
| E．Everyone is allowed to have many friends and many types of friends |
| F．If a friendship is becoming hurtful, ending the friendship is a clever choice |
| G．Good relationships are worth the work to repair the damage caused by any miscommunications |
【推荐3】Knowing how to communicate well needs very personal attention between you and another human being. Is there a better way to learn how to communicate effectively? Yes, there is. Please follow the 3 basic steps below.
* Relax and breathe
Whether it's a business meeting or a first date, the first thing you must do in order to communicate is to relax.
When you relax, you are in control. You control your reactions and your reactions do not control you. Breathing is central to relaxation. Take a few deep breaths and your body will begin to be more at ease. This will help you apply what you already know about how to communicate well.
* Think and you will be prepared
Have you ever heard the old saying "think before you speak"? Well, it is true. By thinking ahead about how the conversation might flow, you will be better prepared, more at ease and more confident.
* Follow the flow of the conversation
If you are uncomfortable, being silent will only make it worse and make the other person uncomfortable as well. So when all else fails, follow through with small talk until a common topic appears.
A good way to keep a conversation going is to ask the other person questions. People love to talk about themselves and if you do this, they will leave the conversation, thinking very highly of you. Learning good communication skills is not something out of reach. If you make an effort, you will succeed.
1. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?| A．How to Begin Your Conversation Effectively. |
| B．Preparation and Conversation. |
| C．Personal Attention and Communication. |
| D．How to Communicate with People You Meet. |
| A．to make a good preparation for the conversation. |
| B．to take as many deep breaths as possible. |
| C．to keep calm and relax yourself fully. |
| D．to follow the flow of the conversation. |
| A．Because it can help you keep excited and react quickly in the communication. |
| B．Because it will help you organize good sentences for your communication. |
| C．Because it can help you put your communication skills that you know into use. |
| D．Because no one likes to communicate with a nervous person. |
| A．talk small things until you find a topic you both like. |
| B．speak freely so as to run across the topic you like. |
| C．keep silent in order to give the chance of speaking to others. |
| D．ask questions which you are interested in. |
| A．You will be good at communication if you try. |
| B．Good communication skills can be learned if you try. |
| C．Not all people can learn good communication skills. |
| D．Communication skills can be improved easily. |
【推荐1】Wonder material
Maurice Ward and his family ran ladies' hairdresser’s in Yorkshire, England. Ward was an inventor by nature and liked to mix his own hair dyes and products, claiming that they were more effective than the products supplied by cosmetics manufacturers like L'Oreal and Garnier. In the 1980s his inventiveness found a new outlet when he bought an industrial extruder--a machine that forms plastics-and began experimenting with making different types of sheet plastic. Then in 1985 something happened which was to change his life.
A British Airtours plane bound for Corfu caught fire at Manchester Airport just before it took off. Although the plane was still on the ground, the results of the fire were destructive within forty seconds, 55 of the people inside died from smoke and poisonous air breathed in. Ward determined that he would make a material that would be much more fire-resistant than the plastics from which the interior was largely constructed. He began trying out different mixtures in a kitchen food blender. When he found a formulation that looked promising, he would shape it into sheet form and then test its fire resistance. The results got better and better until finally he hit on a material that would resist temperatures of 2, 500 C, not give off poisonous air and still remain cool enough to be touched. Starlite was born
Yet here we are, thirty years on, and Starlite is still an unpatented and unexploited material. So what went wrong?
Naturally, Ward kept the formula a secret. He never wrote it down, only telling the exact proportions of its 21 ingredients to a few of his closest family members. He refused to apply for a patent, since that would involve revealing its composition. No one else was allowed to analyse it nor was any company given a sample for fear that they might reverse-engineer it.
Consequently, no deal was ever struck and in May 2011 Maurice Ward died. It would be incorrect to say that he took his secret to the grave because some of the family still know it, but he certainly took his own dreams of personal wealth and fame with him. Why? Was it greed? Was it that, as an amateur, he felt a lack of respect from the scientific community? Or was he simply too protective of his idea to share it with others? We may never know. What is certain is that his loss is the world’s loss, too.
1. What can we most probably infer about Maurice Ward according to the passage?| A．He preferred fame to money. | B．He was born with a creative spirit. |
| C．He opposed established institutions. | D．He got his genius partly from his parents. |
| A．He converted it in the kitchen food blender. |
| B．He found the material from the interior of planes. |
| C．He got inspiration from the hair dyes and products. |
| D．He experimented with materials and examined their fire-resistance. |
| A．Its secret died with Maurice Ward. |
| B．It gets warmer than plastics when heated. |
| C．It could have brought Maurice great wealth. |
| D．Some company reverse-engineered it without permission. |
| A．Innovation requires lots of efforts and deserves protection |
| B．The protectiveness of an invention may cause the world great losses. |
| C．The big companies' ill intentions are to blame for the loss of Starlite. |
| D．The neglect of talented people may cost the world valuable discoveries. |
【推荐2】I woke up to the sound of my mother waking me up, “Maddie, get up. You don’t want to be late on your first day of school,” my mom said, pulling the covers off my warm body. I looked over to my bedside clock, which read 6:30. “I don’t want to go to school,” I thought to myself. But I forced myself to get up. After a ten-minute breakfast, I jumped into the car, then Mom started the car.
Mom pulled over (靠边停车) in front of Beaumont High School, “Bye sweetie! See you at 3:00!”, my mom yelled, waving goodbye. I walked into the building, noticing that a lot of kids were already there.
After what felt like forever to find my locker in the endless hallways, I finally found mine. Reading my schedule for the day, my first class was Algebra (代数) with Mrs Robinson. I pulled out my algebra books and shut my locker door, when suddenly, a pile of books dropped on the ground. A girl got down on her knees to collect her belongings. I kneeled down to help her pick up the books. “Thank you,” she said. “No problem.” I replied. “I’m Hannah,” she announced. “I’m Maddie,” I smiled. Then we walked to class together and sat next to each other.
A group of boys were sitting at the back of the room, laughing, making paper airplanes out of their note paper, and throwing them across the room. Moments later, a woman with an algebra book walked into the classroom. “Hey boys, the airplanes must stay at the airport.” The class laughed, and then the atmosphere (气氛) calmed.
Three hours later, the bell rang throughout the school. I took my lunch and headed straight to the cafeteria. Hannah already had her lunch in her hand and saved me a seat. We talked about all sorts of things and found out we had a lot of things in common. I thought I had just made a new friend.
It was three o’clock and school was over. I wished this day hadn’t ended. I actually enjoyed my first day. Thinking about everything that happened today, I thought there was going to be a pretty good school year.
1. When did Maddie get up?| A．Before 6:30. | B．At 6:30. | C．At 6:40. | D．After 6:40. |
| A．Hannah saved a seat for Maddie in the cafeteria. |
| B．They talked during lunch and shared interests in common. |
| C．Maddie and Hannah sat next to each other in Algebra class. |
| D．Maddie helped Hannah pick up some books which had fallen to the ground. |
| A．Students should speak in a low voice in the classroom. |
| B．Students couldn’t fly paper airplanes in the classroom. |
| C．Students shouldn’t talk about airplanes in Algebra class. |
| D．Students couldn’t carry anything that bad nothing to do with their studies. |
| A．Hannah was Maddie’s first friend in her new school. |
| B．It didn’t take Maddie very long to find her locker. |
| C．Maddie didn’t like her new school until she met Hannah. |
| D．Maddie was among the students who arrived at the school early on the first day. |
【推荐3】At the age of 17 years 64 days, Mack Rutherford has become the youngest person to fly around the world alone! Mack’s journey around the world lasted five months and he flew across 52 countries in total. His record-breaking flight began in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, on 23 March, 2022. He was 16 years old when he took off and celebrated his 17th birthday by himself in his plane.
Mack faced many challenges during his adventure. Because of his small-sized aircraft, he had to land whenever the weather got too rough. However, at some points he literally (确实地) couldn’t land, such as when flying non-stop for 10 hours over an ocean. At other points, he faced extremely hot weather, such as in Dubai. In Sudan, a country in Africa, Mack also faced sandstorms which made it hard for him to see where he was going. Mack battled strong winds and pouring rain during his flight, but he never stopped smiling, joking and updating his flowers on his social media account along the way, and managed to expertly pilot his plane to safety.
And if Mack’s surname “Rutherford” sounds familiar, it’s because his elder sister Zara also flew around the world earlier this year, and still holds the female version of the record! The Rutherford siblings (兄弟姐妹) were inspired by their parents to become pilots. “I have known for certain I wanted to fly since I was eleven,” Mack said, “My dad Sam is a professional ferry pilot, my mum Beatrice is a recreational private pilot.”
Mack hopes to inspire young people to begin working towards their own goals, “No matter what background you have, I believe it is never too early to work towards your dreams and you shouldn’t limit yourself by others’ expectations.” With both feet firmly back on the ground now, it’s time for Mack to turn his attention towards catching up on his schoolwork!
1. What can we know about Mack’s flight?| A．It began when he was 17 years 64 days old. |
| B．It made him the youngest person to fly alone. |
| C．It was a successful record-breaking attempt. |
| D．It took off in the capital of his home country. |
| A．Limitation of flight hours. | B．Darkness and safety issues. |
| C．Loneliness of flying alone. | D．Bad weather and long distance. |
| A．To model themselves on their parents. |
| B．To encourage each other to dream big. |
| C．To serve as examples for their siblings. |
| D．To live up to their parents’ expectations. |
| A．To encourage young people to become pilots. |
| B．To inspire young people to fight for their dreams. |
| C．To warn young people of the dangers of flying. |
| D．To free young people of worries about school work. |
【推荐1】Today more and more people start to learn the Chinese language. Now we introduce the following best Chinese lessons online and hope to improve your Chinese level very fast.
Happy Chinese
“Happy Chinese” is a language learning lesson series launched by Chinese International Channel CCTV4 in order to promote Chinese language and culture. It has two sections. the first is “Daily Life Chinese” which focuses on family and school life and includes more than 110 free Chinese lessons. The second section is “Tourist Life Chinese” mainly teaches practical travel Chinese. The series has a total of around 150 lessons and each lesson has both Chinese lines and English subtitles.
Growing up with Chinese
“Growing up with Chinese” is another Chinese learning lessons by CCTV4. This series is entertaining and quite easy to follow. The lesson series has 100 lessons or so to teach most frequently used Chinese words to teens. All the lessons provide Chinese audio with English lines. The program features the famous hostess, an American TV host known to Chinese people as Ai Hua.
Communicate in Chinese
“Communicate in Chinese” is a series of lessons which help you learn some useful sentences in real-life circumstances such as shopping, hair-cut and eating roast duck.The lessons will make your life in China become much easier. This series has 50 lessons in total and is hosted by Mark Rowswell, who is a Canadian and speaks excellent Mandarin Chinese.
1. Which course offers the smallest number of online lessons?| A．Chinese Pod. | B．Happy Chinese |
| C．Growing up with Chinese. | D．Communicate in Chinese. |
| A．They are produced by CCTV4. | B．They are divided into two sections. |
| C．They feature famous hosts or hostesses. | D．They provide both Chinese and English lines. |
| A．To promote online courses. | B．To show how to learn Chinese. |
| C．To introduce online Chinese lessons. | D．To stress the importance of Chinese. |
【推荐2】My legs were shaking, my heart pounding. As we neared the edge of the cliff, I doubled-checked all my equipment to make sure it was secure. I felt anxious, but not eager for my turn as I waited in line with the members of my group. Fear rose from the pit of my stomach as I realized there was no one else to let in front of me. Slowly, I slowed myself to the edge of nearly 200-foot cliff. My body shook like a dozen earthquakes when I reached the belayer, the person who hooked me to the belaying ropes, which kept me from falling. He hooked me up, and I slowly lowered myself over the edge of the cliff, breathed deeply, and went into a sitting position with both feet in front of me. I closed my eyes, gulped(大口吸气), and began to go down.
Panic took over as I reached a point where my feet could no longer touch the rocky wall. The wall was right there, fooling me. Thump, my foot made contact with the wall, causing me to rotate. As I slowly began to spin around an interesting happened, my panic vanished. The beautiful view of the surrounding area overwhelmed me. All the different-sized trees were evergreens, which seemed to blanket the hillside. The forest was filled with life as different types of animals raced across my field of vision. As I looked upward the sky seemed to open up into a blue vastness. A sense of excitement overtook me. I’d been waiting for this moment, night and day, for one long month, and finally my dream had become reality. I began to feel more calm and more relaxed.
As I finally neared the bottom of the cliff, there seemed to be less animal activity. Looking up, the cliff didn’t seem as frightening as it did going down. My feet were shaking when they finally touched the soft and muddy ground. Pride swelled up within me. Travelling on the muddy road, I began the long climb upward.
1. How did the author feel when he was about to go down the cliff?| A．Excited. | B．Eager. |
| C．Frightened. | D．Anxious. |
| A．To let him go down faster. | B．To place him over the edge. |
| C．To calm him down. | D．To ensure his safety. |
| A．When his feet couldn’t touch the rocky wall. |
| B．As soon as his feet touch the rocky wall again. |
| C．As soon as he lowered himself down the cliff. |
| D．When he approached the bottom of the cliff. |
| A．Go on climbing up the mountain. | B．Go slowly down the mountain. |
| C．Camp on the soft ground. | D．Climb up the cliff once more. |
【推荐3】Kindle Voyage is our most advanced e-reader ever.
Brilliant display
New—The high-resolution（高分辨率的）display features sharp, dark text that reads even more like the printed pages.
Light that adjusts with you
New—Kindle Voyage can be read in bright sunlight or total darkness, and it's smart enough to know the difference. With a new adaptive front light, Kindle Voyage senses the light in your environment, and changes the setting to the ideal brightness. In order to more closely resemble reading on real paper, we researched and hand-tuned the optimal brightness setting for every lighting condition. When reading in the dark, the adaptive front light slowly lowers the display's brightness over to match the way the eye responds to darkness.
Effortless page turns
New—PagePress allows you to turn the page without lifting a finger. Simply apply pressure on the bezel surrounding the screen to turn the page, and PagePress will provide a silent haptic（触觉的）response for consistent and immediate reaction.
Remarkably thin design
Improved—At just 7. 6mm thin, Voyage is our thinnest Kindle ever. Kindle Voyage was designed to come one step closer to a sheet of paper. Comfortably hold Kindle Voyage in one hand for long reading sessions. With a magnesium(镁金)back and a glass front, Kindle Voyage is both durable and smooth.
Long battery life
Like Kindle Paperwhite, the battery lasts weeks on a single charge.
Kindle Unlimited
With Kindle Unlimited, you can read as much as you want, choosing from over 70,000 titles. From mysteries and romance to science fiction and more, freely explore new authors and books on any device for just $ 9. 99 a month. Try Kindle Unlimited free for 30 days.
1. According to the passage, the adaptive front light _______.| A．is designed specially for reading in the dark |
| B．changes its brightness according to readers' eyesight |
| C．provides readers with suitable brightness while reading |
| D．can make reading on screen more comfortable than on the printed pages |
| A．It was designed with easy page turns. |
| B．Its battery lasts longer than Kindle Paperwhite. |
| C．Customers enjoy a 30-day free trial of Kindle Voyage. |
| D．One of the new features of Kindle Voyage is the thin design. |
| A．a science report |
| B．a news report |
| C．a commercial advertisement |
| D．a travel guide |
