【推荐2】"Our coffee is loved by millions worldwide." Do you often see this kind of advertising in your country? Statements like these that no one can prove are called puffery. Puffery is legal, even though it cannot be proved. In fact, puffery has been called "a license to lie", as it is regarded as an opinion rather than an objective statement.

Using puffery to raise awareness of products and to increase sales, is a common advertising method. Some people, however, worry about puffery. One of the concerns is whether consumers are misled by false advertising. Therefore, advertisements containing puffery sometimes can be tested in the courts, and the decisions that are made help to tell the difference between acceptable puffery and illegal advertising.

On the one hand, if a company tells the public that it sells the country's best-loved" or favorite product, this is thought to be puffery, rather than an objective description of market share. Similarly, the company does not have to produce proof that such puffery is actually supported by numbers or facts. In other words, advertisements such as the world's best cup of coffee" are impossible to prove. They are too good to be true and thus it is expected that any consumer will understand how subjective they are. Such advertisements are therefore not thought of as misleading. In fact, puffery like this in these advertisements is often considered to add to the entertainment value.

On the other hand, a company that states their products is the safest" or cheapest" needs to show proof, because statements that are objective need to be supported by proof or statistics. Consumer rights organizations can run tests to examine whether or not such statements agree with the fact. Companies should thus be very careful when making factual statements about a product.

A primary function of advertising is to create product awareness. As consumers, we need to know -about competing products, so we can make wise decisions on which one to buy. While it is important that advertisers are monitored to ensure they do not mislead consumers, it can be argued that puffery is a good way of raising awareness of new products. As long as there are effective ways of monitoring advertisements to prevent deliberate deception (欺骗) in safety and quality, it seems that most puffery is relatively harmless. Rather, it has become part of advertising, which most consumers can laugh at rather than being misled.

1. By “ Our coffee is loved by millions worldwide", the passage intends to ______.

A．describe a fact	B．introduce the topic
C．present an argument	D．provide background information

2. The function of puffery is mainly to help______ .

A．describe products' market share	B．raise awareness of new products
C．test the advertisement in the courts	D．run tests to examine the new products.

3. What does the author think of puffery?

A．It is acceptable with effective monitoring.

B．It is misleading for it uses the false information.

C．It is harmful for it plays tricks on consumers.

D．It is convincing for it helps consumers to choose wisely.

4. Which can be the best title of this passage?

A．Functions of Advertising	B．Puffery in Advertising
C．Consumers and Advertising	D．The Art of Advertising

【推荐3】Most of us will be familiar with the traditional talent show set-up: thousands of hopefuls line up outside the audition (试音) room, wait for hours, go in and perform for a group of judges. Then these potential pop stars could be lucky and get through to the next round, or they might hear the command, “Sorry, it’s a ‘no’ from me”. But what do the judges actually bring to a talent show?

Music talent show judges attract millions of viewers each week to their programs. As public figures, they play an important part in advertising campaigns for these programs. But they often receive high salaries and can be moody (情绪化的). Are they really worth the expenses and difficulties that they can cause? One solution might be to replace them with computers.

Can computers really match human judges? Scientist Dr. Nick Collins and his team at the University of Sussex think they can. Dr. Collins has been working on a project that involves programming three computerized judges that he says would be far more consistent in their judgment of musical performances. Employing a special programming language, Dr. Collins’s digital judges can be trained up by “listening” to particular musical styles. After they have been listening for a while, the programming language allows these judges to spot the specific features of the music. It takes eight hours to train the electronic judges in this way. During this time, they analyze lots of information about each track (录音) they listen to, including the voice quality of the music, the rhythm (节奏) and the way the tracks change over time.

Collins even says that the judges also have pet hates or guilty pleasures and that he can’t expect how they will turn out. He adds, “The judges’ listening ability is not yet as good as a human ear, but they won’t be as moody as some human reality TV show judges.”

Maybe that’s the problem with this electronic musical change. Real human judges on talent shows interest us with their personality, decisions and humorous words. Will a computer be able to do the same?

1. The setup of the traditional talent show is described in Paragraph 1 to ________.

A．find out more potential pop star

B．show the popularity of the talent show

C．make people familiar with the talent show

D．bring up the topic of talent show judges

2. What is the key message conveyed in Paragraph 2?

A．Music talent shows are very popular nowadays.

B．There are too many advertisements in talent show programs.

C．There are some problems with talent show judges.

D．Judges are very important in the talent show programs.

3. Which of the following best describes how Collins’s computerized judges work?

A．They follow the change of each track.

B．They assess the voice quality of specific music.

C．They discover the characteristics of the music after listening to it.

D．They imitate the specific features of different music styles.

4. How does Collins think about his computerized judges?

A．They will be perfect for any talent show.

B．They can listen as well as human ears.

C．They will be welcomed by the public.

D．They can judge more fairly than human judges.

5. What’s the writer’s opinion about replacing real human judges with computerized ones?

A．Doubtful.	B．Interested.
C．Satisfied.	D．Optimistic.

【推荐1】In a historic moment on June 26, the US Supreme Court ruled that same-sex marriage is a legal right across all 50 states. The Supreme Court justices ruled states cannot deny gay men and women the same marriage rights. The decision means the 13 states with bans on same-sex marriage are no longer able to enforce them.

Same-sex couples “ask for equal dignity in the eyes of the law”. Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote in the majority opinion: “The Constitution grants them that right.”

The decision came after decades of litigation（诉讼） and activism. It set off celebrations across the US. In affected states including Georgia, Michigan, Ohio and Texas, same-sex couples rushed to wed, while officials in Mississippi and Louisiana said marriages had to wait until procedural issues were addressed, reported the BBC.

According to “The New York Times”, the ruling came against the backdrop of fast-moving changes in public opinion in the US, with polls indicating that most Americans now approve of same-sex marriage.
US President Barack Obama welcomed the ruling, saying it “affirms what millions of Americans already believe in their hearts.” “Today,” he said in a press release, “we can say, in no uncertain terms, that we have made our union a little more perfect.”

Another win.

This was the second time the Supreme Court took up same-sex marriage, according to an article in “Business Insider”. The first time, in June 2013, the court made a decision that allowed the US federal government to recognize same-sex marriages in states where they were already legal.

But at that time, the Supreme Court declined to rule on the broader question about gay marriage: Is there a constitutional（宪法的） right to same-sex marriage? The June 26 ruling gave a positive answer to that question.

Justice Kennedy wrote in the majority opinion that the Constitution should evolve with societal changes.

“The nature of injustice is that we may not always see it in our own times,” he wrote. “The generations that wrote and ratified the “Bill of Rights” and the “Fourteenth Amendment（修正案）” did not exactly know the extent of freedom in all of its dimensions, and so they hoped the future generations can protect the right of all persons to enjoy liberty as we learn its meaning.”

The Fourteenth Amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the law. In the June 26 ruling, the Supreme Court declared that the equal protection clause of the amendment requires marriage rights be extended to same-sex couples, too.

1. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A．The majority of Americans now object to same-sex marriage.

B．Gay men and women did not care about the ruling.

C．All the US states did not ban same-sex marriage before the ruling.

D．The US president believes the country will be less perfect after the ruling.

2. It can be inferred that ________.

A．before June 26, most Americans have doubt about same-sex marriage.

B．this is the first time the Americans have got the same-sex marriage right.

C．thanks to the amendment, all the Same-sex couples can get married immediately.

D．Americans struggled for decades to win the same-sex right.

3. Why does the author refer to Justice Kennedy’s “ the nature of injustice is that we may not always see it in our own times” ?

A．The author thinks that it is unfair for same-sex marriage not to have the marriage right.

B．The author wants to show that it is difficult for same-sex marriage couple to get the right.

C．The author thinks that in our own times we can not see the justice.

D．The author shows his dissatisfaction with the delayed approval of the legal same-sex marriage.

【推荐2】This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt , proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆）.They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.

The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.

Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产）damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash.

“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.

Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任）issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.

An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “ be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.

But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars”, people expect driverless cars.” Merat says “You know — no driver.”

Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.

Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.

That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.

1. What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．A place where cars often break down.	B．A case where passing a law is impossible.
C．An area where no driving is permitted.	D．A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.

2. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________.

A．stop people from breaking traffic rules.	B．help promote fully automatic driving.
C．protect drivers of all ages and races.	D．prevent serious property damage.

3. What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?

A．It should get the attention of insurance companies.

B．It should be the main concern of law makers.

C．It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.

D．It should involve no human responsibility.

4. Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in __________.

A．Singapore

B．the UK

C．the US

D．Germany

【推荐3】WASHINGTON—There are more than 222 million TVs in American homes. And it would make Frank Vespe very happy this week if every last one was turned off.

Vespe is the head of the TV-Turnoff Network, the Washington organization behind TV Turnoff Week. For TV Turnoff week, American children are encouraged to go one week without watching TV. This year, it runs from April 23~29. “Our real message here is to see what life is like without TV and then make watching TV a conscious(自觉的) decision,” said Vespe.

Vespe said that most of the children who go without television for a week go back to watching, but not so much. “They watch more selectively. They do more things as a family. It helps them put TV in its place.” One girl who is turning off her TV is Sarah Foote, 9, of Virginia. Sarah admits that it won’t be too hard to give up TV. She’s allowed to watch only educational television, and her favorite show from last year isn’t on any more.

Of course, there are plenty of things about TV: programs can be entertaining, even educational.

Even so, some experts aren’t sure TV Turnoff Week is the answer.

Susan Neuman, a university educator who studies children and reading, says the real problem is that parents do not keep track of what their children are watching. They don’t set limits on TV watching. Also, in some families, TV might be the only thing to do.

What message does Sarah have for other children?

“It’s a very good idea. I spent a whole week without TV. It also teaches you to enjoy time doing different things and not being sucked into something on TV, because you don’t want TV taking up all of your time.” Sarah said.

1. From the first two paragraphs we know that ________.

A．American TV companies will be turned off

B．American families have more TV sets than they need

C．Vespe has persuaded most people to turn off their TV sets

D．Vespe is an active person in the TV-Turnoff organization

2. As Vespe said in this passage, turning off TV a week can help children ________.

A．forget to watch TV programmes	B．improve their habits of watching TV
C．place TV sets out of their bedrooms	D．have part-time jobs after school

3. In some experts’ opinion ________.

A．parents should turn off TV for their children

B．parents should teach their children how to use TV

C．children should enjoy exciting programmes on TV

D．children should learn their lessons on TV

4. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A．To advise us to turn off TV sets.	B．To warn parents of the danger of TV.
C．To report to us a piece of news about TV.	D．To praise Vespe and his organization.

【推荐1】Scientists have created a scent(气味)-delivery system that releases a pleasant fragrance when you sweat. Apply it to your skin, and the more you sweat, the better you’ll smell. That’s because the perfume only gets released upon contact with moisture(湿气).

Chemists from Harvard University combined two compounds(化合物) to create their new system. One chemical is alcohol-based. This is the nice-smelling perfume. The other chemical is an ionic liquid(离子性液体), which is a type of salt that is liquid at room temperature. Ionic liquids are made of ions---molecules that have lost or gained one or more electrons. If the molecule loses electrons, it will have a positive charge. If it gains electrons, it gets a negative charge. Ionic liquids contain the same number of positive and negative ions, which makes them neutral(中性的), with no overall electric charge. In general, ionic liquids have no smell.

When the perfume and ionic liquid are mixed together, a chemical reaction occurs. This bonds the molecules to each other. The reaction also temporarily inactivates(使不活跃) the perfume’s molecules. So when applied to the skin, the new perfume has no scent in the beginning. But adding water or sweat breaks the bond between the molecules. That releases the scent into the air.

“The rate of the release of the fragrance depends on how much you sweat, in other words, how much water is available,” explains chemist Nimal Gunaratne from Harvard University, who led the research. “Sweat is like the command to let the fragrance go.”

Christian Quellet is a chemist who has worked in the perfume industry for a long time. He is now an independent consultant based in Switzerland. “Gunaratne’s perfume opens the door to new developments and applications of fragrance controlled-release systems,” he says. Controlled-release systems allow small quantities of some compounds that they hold to enter the environment slowly.

The system also traps some chemicals in sweat that are responsible for the bad sweat smell. These compounds are called thiols (硫醇). Just as water does, thiols break apart the bond that ties the perfume to the ionic liquid. When this happens, the thiols attach to the ionic liquid and their bad scent is inactivated as the perfume had been. This means the water in sweat and its thiols are both able to release the fragrance from the newly developed perfume.

1. Which of the following makes the scent delivery system special?

A．When it releases scent can be well controlled.

B．No perfume is required in the system.

C．The scent can last for a long time.

D．Sweat can help release the scent.

2. The scent is released into the air when ________.

A．the perfume comes into contact with the skin

B．the perfume and ionic liquid contact each other

C．the perfume’s molecules are inactivated by water

D．sweat activates the molecules of the perfume in the mixture

3. What Nimal Gunaratne says in Paragraph 4 suggests that with this scent-delivery system _____.

A．the more you sweat, the better you will smell

B．the perfume can’t always cover the bad smell.

C．how much water is available doesn’t matter much

D．how you smell depends on how much perfume you use

4. What is Christian Quellet’s attitude towards Gunaratne’s new perfume?

A．Indifferent.

B．Favorable.

C．Doubtful.

D．Critical.

【推荐2】It’s a struggle to learn a second language at any age. Now, in a new study, scientist have found out the exact age after which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to plummet: 10.

The study published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native-level fluency if they start learning a second language after age 10. “It turns out you’re still learning fast,” says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne. “It’s just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,” People who start a few years after age 10 may still become quite good at a language, the authors say, but they are unlikely to become fluent.

Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for sound reasons. Children’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information. Kids may also be more willing to try new things than adults are. Their comparatively new understanding of their native language may also be advantageous.

These findings may seem discouraging, but it was inspiring for scientists to learn that the key period for fluent language learning might be longer than previously thought. Some scientists believed that the window begins to close shortly after birth, while others made it longer to very early childhood. Compared with those judgments, age 17 or 18—when language learning ability starts to drop off—seems relatively old.

For this study, the researchers created an online test promising to guess people’s native language and home country based on their responses to English grammar questions. Almost 670,000 people took it, giving the researchers huge amounts of data from English speakers of many ages and backgrounds. Examining the responses and grammar mistakes allowed them to made unusually exact judgments about language learning.

1. What does the underlined word “plummet” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Appear gradually.	B．Increase greatly.
C．Double suddenly.	D．Drop sharply.

2. What can we learn from the study?

A．Adults’ learning ability can boost their second language.

B．All these new findings are quite discouraging for scientists.

C．Children are at an advantage in acquiring a new language.

D．People have different key periods for mastering a language.

3. What does the last paragraph mainly focus on?

A．The process of the study.	B．The findings of the study.
C．The subject of the study.	D．The purpose of the study.

4. What’s the best title of the text?

A．Never Too Early to Learn New Languages

B．Better to Learn a New Language Before Age 10

C．Never Say Die When Learning a New Language

D．Best Ways to Improve the Second Language Fluency

【推荐3】Nobel prize-winners, legendary (传奇的) authors, and famous scientists — you might think all these people were born to be creative. However, that's not always the case.

While well-known figures like Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein did their most significant (重要的) work in their youth, famous American poet Robert Frost and English-born natural scientist Charles Darwin were known as "late bloomers" – people whose talents were not noticeable until later in life.

This idea of "peaking" at different times inspired new research from the United States. "Many people believe that creativity is exclusively (独有地) associated (有联系的) with youth, but it really depends on what kind of creativity you're talking about," said Bruce Weinburg, a professor of economics at the University of Chicago and co-author of the study.

According to the study, published earlier this month in the journal De Economist, there are two types of people: conceptual (概念的) and experimental thinkers.

To reach this conclusion, researchers took the 31 previous winners of the Nobel Prize in economics and arranged them according to when they did their most significant work, to identify (识别) their creative peaks.

Some peaked from ages 25-29. Classified as conceptual thinkers, these people think outside of the box, coming up with new ideas before they become used to the conventional way of doing things.

The second creative peak came with economists in their 50s. These are experimental thinkers who have been in their field for a long time. This allows them to learn from errors and experiment with different processes, before eventually finding new solutions.

"Whether you hit your creative peak early or late in your career depends on whether you have a conceptual or experimental approach," said Weinburg. He added that their study isn't limited to economics, saying it can apply to other creative disciplines (知识领域). So if you're struggling to come up with new ideas, don't panic. Your creative peak may be yet to arrive.

1. What did the study from the US find?

A．Young people are not necessary more creative than the old people.

B．Most people take a conceptual approach when thinking.

C．One's creative peak is related to their job type.

D．Conceptual and experimental thinkers hit their peaks at different times.

2. What does the underlined word "conventional" mean in context?

A．Easy.	B．Unusual.
C．Traditional.	D．Appropriate.

3. What do we know about experimental thinkers?

A．Their talents usually bloom in their 20s.

B．They are good at doing experiments.

C．They work out new methods based on experience.

D．They are more successful than conceptual thinkers.

4. What would Weinberg probably agree with?

A．It's difficult to find one's talent in later years.

B．More research needs to be done about creative peaks.

C．Conceptual thinkers could be more successful in the art field.

D．Experimental thinkers from other fields may be most successful in their 50s.

【推荐1】Could the Futuristic Traveling Tube Become a Reality?

It sounds like something straight out of a science fiction movie or a silly cartoon: a futuristic traveling tube that can quickly shoot people wherever they want to go, inside a tiny pod. But this may be just around the corner for people looking for a faster, easier, and cheaper-than-ever way to travel. South African-American inventor and billionaire Elon Musk, who, in the past, has worked on both private space flight and electric cars, recently announced he has been working on the design of this traveling tube, which could forever change the way we travel the world.

In an interview, Musk described the new tube as a fifth kind of transportation. “We have planes, trains, automobiles, and boats,” he explained. “What if there was a fifth mode? I have a name for it, it’s called the Hyperloop.”

The Hyperloop would have the power to cut back on travel time between major cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco, which is what inspired Musk to design the Hyperloop in the first place. Musk stated in an interview that he actually came up with the idea for the Hyperloop while thinking about the train that takes people between Los Angeles and San Francisco—it is known for being one of the slowest in the country.

“This system I have in mind...can never crash, is immune to weather, it goes three or four times faster than the bullet train…it goes an average speed of twice what an aircraft would do,” explained Musk.

“You would go from downtown L. A. to downtown San Francisco in under 30 minutes,” he added. “It would cost you much less than an air ticket and less than any other mode of transport.”

People using the Hyperloop would shoot around in pods, which are each just over six-and-a-half feet across, and the pods would travel through tubes located either above ground or under water, though Musk has not yet released his final design drawings.

Additionally, Musk believes the Hyperloop could be completely powered by the sun—making it more environmentally friendly than cars, airplanes, or train systems. Someday it could possibly move people between the East and West Coasts of the United States in less than an hour, which is faster than any other mode of transportation that exists. Eventually, the Hyperloop would be able to move people around the world.

1. What does this passage describe?

A．A traveling tube that could help people get around in the future.

B．The costs of building traveling tubes around the world.

C．The damage that cars, planes, and trains do to the environment.

D．The reasons that people are looking for a cheaper-than-ever way to travel.

2. If built, the Hyperloop would be faster than any other type of transportation. Why?

A．People using the Hyperloop would travel in pods that are about six-and-a-half feet across.

B．The Hyperloop is being designed to travel at twice the speed of an airplane.

C．Right now people can fly, drive, or take a train to get from Los Angeles to San Francisco.

D．Inventors in other countries are working on technology similar to the Hyperloop.

3. Why might people want to use the Hyperloop instead of other kinds of transportation?

A．People with motion sickness might not be able to handle the Hyperloop.

B．People are tired of using the same four kinds of transportation over and over.

C．The Hyperloop could take people to places where planes and trains do not go.

D．People would not have to pay as much to use the Hyperloop.

4. What is this passage mainly about?

A．Science fiction movies and cartoons featuring futuristic traveling tubes with tiny pods.

B．The interest that inventor Elon Musk has in private space flight and electric cars.

C．Why the train between Los Angeles and San Francisco is one of the slowest in the country.

D．A tube that could make travel in the future easier, faster, and cheaper.

【推荐2】Fran’s husband Tom had a habit of throwing his dirty socks into the laundry basket, but frequently missing by a few inches. It really frustrated Fran when she had to pick up his socks and place them in the basket. After learning the techniques of behavior modification(矫正)，Fran decided to stop nagging(唠叨) her husband and try positive reinforcement(加强). When he missed the basket, she said nothing and quietly picked up his socks. However, one day when his socks actually landed in the target, she quickly reinforced the appropriate behavior by saying, “ I really like it when you put your socks right inside the basket.” She followed this statement with a hug. Within a week, Tom was hitting the target every time, or picking up the socks by hand and placing them inside the basket whenever he missed. Consequently, an argument was avoided.

There is an old saying that” you can catch more flies with honey than vinegar”, which is the principal behind behavior modification. Complaining to someone of doing something, whether it’s a partner or a child, often gets just the opposite response: resistance. But almost everyone respond to positive reinforcement and this approach to changing someone’s behavior takes a little patience and emotional control.

Experts of behavior modification believe habits are learned because of reinforcement from the environment. This theory states that people will always do the behavior that results in the most favorable outcome. Even if in the doing, there are some negative effects. For instance，Fran may have learned from her mother that it really didn’t matter whether her husband’s socks landed in the basket or not. It is because she’d come along and pick them up for him. That was the favorable outcome but, if he only got negative messages from Fran for the same behavior, he didn’t have much motivation to abandon it.

Of course for some people nothing will work, but it’s sure worth a try, for treating them with a hostile attitude probably won’t get you what you want , but it will get you a bad relationship with them. Positive reinforcement can be used with anyone, for any behavior, because all of us resist criticism and respond to praise. So, the next time you want someone to meet your wishes, try a little applause for the desired behavior.

1. Why does the author present Tom and Fran’s story at the beginning of the passage?

A．To show Tom is one of those needing behavior modification.

B．To introduce the techniques of behavior modification.

C．To let the readers know this family.

D．To list ways to get rid of bad habits.

2. Which of the following best fits the principle behind behavior modification?

A．Leaving a child alone when he or she does something wrong.

B．Telling a child not to make the same mistakes again.

C．Taking no notice of one’s occasional good behavior.

D．Praising one for his or her good deeds.

3. Which statement about a habit may the author agree with?

A．Criticism contributes a lot to the formation of a bad habit.

B．Most of our habits are formed in childhood.

C．A habit is usually reinforced by favorable outcome.

D．We can always get along with a person of good habits.

4. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A．Positive reinforcement should be applied to anyone.

B．Positive reinforcement works on anyone.

C．By using positive reinforcement we don’t fail to get what we want

D．By using positive reinforcement we can improving our relationship with anyone else.

5. The purpose of the passage is to tell us_____.

A．what behavior modification is

B．the way to get along with others

C．how to bring out the best in others

D．the training of behavior modification

【推荐3】A drug used to treat severe bleeding could save thousands of lives for mothers giving birth. A global trial of the drug found it reduced the risk of bleeding deaths during childbirth by nearly one-third. The study involved 20,000 women in 21 countries, mainly in Africa and Asia. The trial was carried out by London's School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The drug is called d tranexamic acid (氨甲环酸). It is low-cost and researchers said it does not cause serious side effects for mothers or babies.

The drug is used to treat mothers for severe bleeding during childbirth, also known as postpartum hemorrhage (产后出血).It is the leading cause of mother’s death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.

Haleema Shakur is the project director of the trial. She says despite medical advances in many countries, severe bleeding after childbirth remains a big problem in some parts of the world. “It's one of the biggest killers of mothers. In Africa and Asia. about 10 percent of women will end up with severe bleeding. " The drug works by stopping blood clots(血凝块) from breaking down after a mother gives birth. The treatment can prevent the need for doctors to perform surgery to find the source of bleeding.

Shakur said the best results were reported when the drug was given to women as soon as possible after childbirth, “The earlier you give it- so within the first three hours of giving birth—the better the effect is. ”

The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it. During the trial, women were given the drug in a hospital. But researchers are looking for easier ways to administer the drug so it can be more widely used in small clinics and rural areas.

1. Tranexamic acid is a drug that________ .

A．should be used for every mother

B．helps mothers before giving birth

C．ensures most new-born babies’ health

D．can help mothers giving birth stop bleeding

2. What is the reachers’ next plan?

A．To know how much the drug is.

B．To get permission to use the drug.

C．To let more people know the drug.

D．To make medical staff know how to use the drug.

3. What can we learn from the text?

A．The more mothers use the drug, the better its effect is.

B．African and Asian countries made great progress in medicine.

C．There is a long way to go before the drug can be used more widely.

D．Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of women’s death.

4. What may be the best title for the text?

A．Care for the Health of Mothers

B．How Can We Use Tranexamic Acid Well?

C．Childbirth Drug Greatly Reduces Bleeding Deaths

D．What's the Biggest Killer of Mothers?