What a Messy Desk Says About You
For some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits affect health and health-related choices. Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have immaculate offices.
What has been less clear is whether neat environments can produce good habits even in those who aren’t necessarily innately conscientious. To find out, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of experiments. In the first experiment, they randomly assigned a group of college-age students to spend time in two office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered (乱堆) with papers and other work-related stuff. The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to choose the apple as those who sat among the mess.
A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too. In this one, college students were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up new uses for Ping-Pong balls. Those in messy spaces generated ideas that were significantly more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices where stacks of papers and other objects were neatly arranged.
The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.
But in the study by Dr. Vohs, disordered offices encouraged originality and a search for novelty. In the final portion of the study, adults were given the choice of adding a health “boost” to their lunchtime smoothie that was labeled either “new” or “classic.” The volunteers in the messy space were far more likely to choose the new one; those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version. “Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”
The implications of these findings are also practical. “My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.”
1. The underlined word “immaculate” in paragraph 1 probably means ______.| A．messy | B．tidy |
| C．terrible | D．comfortable |
| A．Chaos begets chaos. | B．Misfortune may be an actual blessing. |
| C．Bad news has wings. | D．When a door shuts, a window opens. |
| A．More virtue exists in organized people. |
| B．Creativity results from tidiness and discipline. |
| C．Disorderly surroundings help to create new ideas. |
| D．Workers’ good habits guarantee the success of a project. |
| A．The naturally neat people tend to be very creative. |
| B．A messy office will cause quite low working efficiency. |
| C．Environments can affect people’s way of thinking and behavior. |
| D．People’s personalities are determined by their working environments. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Why is it that many people who have suffered a major shock, such as divorce or death of a family member, seem to be weaker against a variety of major and minor illnesses? One common idea among psychologists has been that people could deal with suffering more effectively if they were able to understand and accept it.
Recently, a team of medical researchers studied the links between describing psychologically painful events and long-term health. In one experiment healthy college students were asked to write about either personally disturbing experiences or ordinary topics over a period of four days. In the months afterwards, students who had chosen to show their inner thoughts and feelings in their writing visited the health center for illness much less often than those who had written about everyday topics.
In an experiment that followed, another group of healthy students were given the four-day writing exercises. Some chose to write about highly personal and upsetting experiences. When questioned immediately afterwards, they said that they did not feel any better. However, their blood samples (样本) taken before and after the experiment showed evidence of an improved resistance to illness. The white cells that fight off bacteria and viruses had increased their reaction and sensitivity to these “invaders”. This trend continued over the following six weeks.
The researchers suggested that failure to face up to painful experience can be a form of stress itself, and can increase the possibility of illness. The answer is not to suffer in silence. It may not always be possible to talk about personal problems, but writing them down will help the body to fight disease in the long run.
1. What were the students who wrote about painful events likely to do in the first experiment?| A．They started to suffer psychological problems. |
| B．They enjoyed sharing their inner thoughts and feelings. |
| C．They were less likely to seek treatment for sickness. |
| D．They couldn’t deal with suffering effectively. |
| A．They had more bacteria and viruses in their blood. |
| B．They had decreased feelings of loneliness. |
| C．They showed an improved white cell reaction. |
| D．They did better in their writing tasks. |
| A．The white cells. |
| B．Bacteria and viruses. |
| C．Resistance to illness. |
| D．The reaction and sensitivity of the cells. |
| A．Suffering and Health |
| B．Inner Thoughts and Feelings |
| C．Illness and Health |
| D．Mental Illness and Social Acceptance |
【推荐2】Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.
Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”
Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.
BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the "real" and not the virtual. The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.
1. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?| A．The identification number. | B．An adventure. |
| C．A public place. | D．The book. |
| A．Meet other readers to discuss it. | B．Keep it safe in his bookcase. |
| C．Pass it on to another reader. | D．Mail it back to its owner. |
| A．Online Reading: A Virtual Tour | B．Electronic Books: A new Trend |
| C．A Book Group Brings Tradition Back | D．A Website Links People through Books |
【推荐3】Spring is finally here, and it’s a great time to get outside and get dirty!
Gardening connects people. When you are gardening, you are outdoors. So it is a perfect time to socialize with your neighbors. Gardening can greatly strengthen a person’s sense of community and belonging, and thus loneliness is far away from you!
Benefit children
Gardening is a great activity to do with children. It gets families outdoors and off computers, televisions and other electronics.
| A．Reduce loneliness |
| B．Improve family relationships |
| C．Gardening can be a great teacher |
| D．Gardening is popular in many parts of the world |
| E．Gardening may also help you feel calm and happy |
| F．However, the decreases were stronger in the gardening group |
| G．Gardening can also give you the feeling that you have done something good |
【推荐1】Like many other people, I love my smart phone, which keeps me connected with the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop，because it holds all of my writing and thoughts. In spite of this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices and truly communicate with others.
On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the materials and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I have a rule—no laptop, ipads, phones, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.
Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it, so I can relate to my students.
The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course materials and the class discussion.
I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course materials beyond the classroom.’
I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.
1. Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with________.| A．the course materials | B．the author’s class regulations |
| C．discussion topics | D．others’ misuse of technology |
| A．The author made the rule since he was against technology. |
| B．The author made the rule mainly because of his unpleasant experiences. |
| C．The author’s history class received low assessment. |
| D．The students think highly of the author’s history class. |
| A．allow students to get on well with each other |
| B．improve teaching and offer more help |
| C．help students to better understand complex themes |
| D．prohibit students being involved in class |
| A．The author will continue his plan until a good reason comes up. |
| B．Some students will be punished according to the rule. |
| C．More and more students will be absent in history class. |
| D．The author will help students concentrate on what they learn. |
【推荐2】A smoke bomb from a party started a major blaze (火焰) near Los Angeles in September,just one of many recent wildfires ignited (引燃) by people. Now, an analysis of satellite data shows human-caused blazes spread much faster and kill more trees than ones ignited by lightning.
Fire has always been a part of California’s natural history. But several centuries of human settlement have created new conditions that promote its spread.Studies have shown human ignition is to blame for 84% of all wildfires in the United States,and 97% of all those that threaten homes.
Human-caused fires always seemed more extreme, says Stijn Hantson,a fire ecologist at the University of California,Irvine,who led the new research. But measurements of how fast they spread and their impacts on ecosystems (生态系统) in California had not been explored, he notes.
To examine those differences, Hantson and his colleagues analyzed satellite data for 214 wildfires in California between 2012 and 2018.Human-caused fires typically spread about 1.83 kilometers per day, more than twice as fast as lightning-ignited burns,the team reports.The faster spreading fires also burned more violently and killed “double or triple” the trees as lightning-caused ones.
However, there is no fundamental difference in the chemistry of a human-caused blaze. “A fire is a fire” Hantson says. “It’s the surrounding things that matter.” Causes of fires ranging from improperly thrown cigarettes to sparking (冒火花) power lines could ignite a blaze on any given day, he says, while lightning strikes and dry thunderstorms only happen seasonally.
The researchers tracked meteorological data and found that human-caused fires were more likely to start on days with extreme weather conditions,and were more associated with drier,less-forested landscapes. This adds to scientists’ understanding of how humans are extending the fire season, says Nathan Mietkiewicz, an ecologist with the National Ecological Observation Network.
1. The author uses some data in paragraph 2 to show that ________.| A．wildfires are mostly caused by humans |
| B．most wildfires threaten people’s homes |
| C．wildfire is a part of California’s natural history |
| D．wildfires break out frequently in the United States |
| A．To prove how extreme human-caused fires are. |
| B．To find out the causes and solutions of wildfires. |
| C．To explore the speed and effects of wildfires caused by humans. |
| D．To examine the differences between a human-caused blaze and a nature-caused one. |
| A．By giving examples. |
| B．By making comparisons. |
| C．By analyzing cause and effect. |
| D．By giving definitions. |
| A．Human-caused fires and lightning-caused fires are basically different. |
| B．Lightning strikes and thunderstorms can always lead to wildfires. |
| C．Wildfires only happen in dry,less-forested areas. |
| D．Humans are to blame for the extended fire season. |
【推荐3】THE GLOBAL WASTE TRADE IS ESSENTIALLY BROKEN
Cut into hillside in northern Malaysia stands a large, open-air warehouse. This is a recycling factory, which opened last November. On a very hot afternoon in January, Shahid Ali was working his very first week on the job. He stood knee-deep in soggy, white bits of plastic. Around him, more bits floated of the conveyor belt and fell to the ground like snowflakes.
Hour after hour, Ali sorts through the plastic jumble moving down the belt, picking out pieces that look off-color or soiled-rejects (废品) in the recycling process. Though it looks like backbreaking work, Ali says it is a great improvement over his previous job, folding bed-sheets in a nearby textile factory, for much lower pay. Now, if he eats simply, he can save money from his wages of just over $l an hour and send $250 a month to his parents and six brothers and sisters in Peshawar, Pakistan, 2,700 miles away, “As soon as I heard about this work, I asked for a job,” says Ali, 24, a bearded man with glasses and an easy smile. Still, he’s working 12 hours a day, seven days a week. “If I take a day off, I lose a day’s wages,” he says.
In the warehouse, hundreds of bags are stacked more than 60 feet high-each stuffed with plastic wrappers and bags thrown away weeks earlier by their original users in California. The fact that the waste has traveled to this distant corner of the planet in the first place shows how badly the global recycling economy has failed to keep pace with humanity’s plastics addiction. This is an ecosystem that is deeply dysfunctional, if not on the point of collapse: About 90% of the millions of tons of plastic the world produces every year will eventually end up not recycled, but burned, buried, or dumped.
Plastic recycling enjoys ever-wider support among consumers: Putting yogurt containers and juice bottles in a blue bin is an eco-friendly act of faith in millions of households. But faith goes only so far. The tidal wave of plastic items that enters the recycling stream each year is increasingly likely to fall right back out again, casualties of a broken market. Many products that consumers believe (and industries claim) are “recyclable" are in reality not, because of hard economics. With oil and gas prices near 20-year lows, so-called virgin plastic, a product of petroleum feed-stocks, is now far cheaper and easier to obtain than recycled material. That unforeseen shift has yanked the financial rug out from under what was until recently a practical recycling industry. “The global waste trade is essentially broken,” says the head of the global plastics campaign at Greenpeace. “We are sitting on vast amounts of plastic with nowhere to send it and nothing to do with it.”
1. What is the author’s attitude towards Shahid Ali?| A．Critical. | B．Merciless. | C．Indifferent. | D．Sympathetic. |
| A．The prices of oil and gas have been increasing. |
| B．Tons of wastes travel so far before being recycled. |
| C．Recyclable products are not really recycled. |
| D．Governments don’t support the recycling industry. |
| A．Out of stock. | B．Far from pleased. | C．Full of energy. | D．Out of order. |
| A．To illustrate how plastic waste has been recycled in the world. |
| B．To warn people that the global waste trade is essentially broken. |
| C．To analyze the relationship between consumers and factories. |
| D．To solve the conflict between the recycling industry and governments. |
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【推荐2】Carol Lee Lindner climbed into the 40-foot boat tied to the Fairmount Boathouse dock, and gave the new members their first lesson in the ancient sport of dragon boating.
The 25 women, aged 29 to 65, watched their coach carefully. All had breast cancer and survived. Their decision to join the Philadelphia Women's Dragon Boat Team was brave and crazy.
Over the months of training, one would be told that cancer had spread to her bones and another would be hospitalized for radiation treatment side effects. But these strong and determined women—each and every one of them—took part in the International Dragon Boat Racing Championship.
In theory, it's a terrible sport for women whose muscles and nerves have been damaged. Doctors generally advised them to avoid hard and repetitive arm exercise. But seven years ago, Canadian Donald Mckenzie, a sports medicine physician, showed dragon boating is good for survivors. “It builds both their physical and mental strength.” Mckenzie said.
Coach Lindner, 60, was inspired by that and included the 25 women in her three-year-old Philadelphia Women's Dragon Boat Team.
The survivors tried hard and did their best. No self-pity.
Renata Whitaker, her hair growing back, began feeling more confident. But she grew tired and easily got out of breath. She had to be in hospital for a week. As she got better she called Lindner, saying she had got well enough to be in the game. Lindner told her if she felt up to it, she would be with the team.
“But you are not going to paddle,” Lindner said, “Remember what I said, “To be strong, fit women for life. I want you by my side for the rest of our lives, not just for one race.”
These women tested their limits. A 500-meter race lasted about three minutes.
As the city darkened in the heat, the team finally paddled toward the Fairmount Boathouse.
Soon, the river was filled with the sounds of painful but happy women singing Merrily We Roll Along.
1. What do the twenty-five women have in common?| A．They are crazy about dragon boating |
| B．They are cancer survivors. |
| C．They were inspired by Donald Mckenzie and have trained together for three years |
| D．They have broken the record of the International Dragon Boat Racing Championships |
| A．Because Whitaker wasn’t really good at paddling. |
| B．Because Whitaker easily got tired and out of breath. |
| C．Because Whitaker hadn't recovered completely. |
| D．Because a new paddler would be in Whitaker's place. |
| A．Dragon boating will help repair patients' damaged nerves |
| B．Patients should feel sorry for themselves if they don t take part in dragon boat races |
| C．Dragon boating will benefit the patients physically and mentally |
| D．Cancer survivors should avoid hard and repetitive arm exercise |
| A．She enjoys the sport of boat racing | B．She is tough with her team members |
| C．She is also a cancer survivor. | D．She is helpful and inspiring. |
【推荐3】Think about a remote control. Something so simple in function is seemingly capable of invisible magic to most of us. Only those with an engineering and electronics background probably have any real idea of why a remote control works. The rest of us just assume it should. And the longer a given technology exists, the more we take it for granted.
Consider for a moment a split screen showing modern remote control users versus the first remote control users: the original users would be carefully aiming the remote directly at the television, reading the names of the buttons to find the right one, and intentionally pressing the button with a force that adds nothing to the effectiveness of the device. The modern users would be leaning on a sofa, pointing the remote any which way, and instinctively feeling for the button they desired, intuiting (凭直觉知道) its size, shape, and position on the remote.
Humans are known for being handy with tools, so it is no surprise that we get so comfortable with our technology. However, as we become increasingly comfortable with how to use new technologies, we become less aware of how they work. Most people who use modern technology know nothing of its underlying science. They have spent neither mental nor financial resources on its development. And yet, rather than be humbled by its originality, we consumers often become unfairly demanding of what our technology should do for us.
Many of the landmark inventions of the twentieth century followed predictable tracks: initial versions of each technology (television, video games, computers, cell phones, etc.) succeeded in impressing the general public. Then, these wonderful new inventions quickly became commonplace. Soon, the focus of consumer attitudes towards them changed from gratitude with respect to discriminating preference.
Televisions needed to be bigger and have a higher resolution. Video games needed to be more realistic. Computers needed to be more powerful yet smaller in size. Cell phones needed to be smaller yet capable of performing other tasks such as taking pictures, accessing the Internet, and even playing movies.
For children of the last twenty years born into this modern life, these technological marvels seem like elements of the periodic table: a given ingredient that is simply part of the universe. Younger generations don’t even try to imagine life without modern conveniences. They do not appreciate the unprecedented (史无前例的) technology that is in their possession; rather, they complain about the ways in which it fails to live up to ideal expectations. “My digital video recorder at home doesn’t allow me to program it from my computer at work.” “It’s taking too long for this interactive map to display on my portable GPS”.
If it sounds as though we’re never satisfied, we aren’t. Of course, our complaints do actually motivate engineers to continually refine their products. After all, at the root of our tool-making instinct is the notion that “there must be a better way.” Thus, the shortcomings of any current version of technology are pinned on the limitations of its designers, and the expectation is that someone, somewhere is working on how to make the existing product even better.
1. The second paragraph is used to illustrate the idea that ________.| A．modern humans do not pay enough attention to instructions |
| B．remote controls have become far more effective over the years |
| C．consumer behavior toward new forms of technology changes over time |
| D．the first consumers of new technology used new devices with ease and comfort |
| A．aim the remote directly at the television | B．feel instinctively for the desired button |
| C．read the names of the buttons carefully | D．use more strength pressing the button than is necessary |
| A．less realistic video games | B．wanting to make sacrifices |
| C．more powerful computers | D．needing to understand technology |
| A．space exploration gives us most of our technology |
| B．children learn technology while they learn chemistry |
| C．consumers complain when modern conveniences break down |
| D．consumers regard many technological inventions as unremarkable |
| A．critical | B．sympathetic | C．frightened | D．satisfied |
【推荐1】Some years ago, Michel-Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship——but why? Only later, after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that there was a link.
The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously. “We never thought that this could be something that could kill,” recalls (回忆) Andre, who is the director of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona.
Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed with such clarity(清晰) before.
It was not an easy task. Sound waves don't travel through water in the uniform, predictable way they do through the air. Instead, the temperature, salinity (盐度) and, flow of water have great effects on their path.
What can be done? One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a whale.
As for dealing with the root cause of the problem, the UN’s International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships, but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be observed.
“The ocean is not our world,” comments Andre. But it is ours to look after. And thanks to his work, we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.
1. What does the underlined word “desensitised” in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Stubborn. | B．Flexible. | C．Dull. | D．Friendly. |
| A．To lower the speed of ships. |
| B．To reduce the number of ships. |
| C．To set up preserves under the sea. |
| D．To give the injured animals timely treatment. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Disapproving. | C．Positive. | D．Uncaring. |
| A．A great expert. | B．Noise in the sea. |
| C．Animals in the sea. | D．Sea exploration technology. |
【推荐2】It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rainforest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长类动物) . Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition, Columbus wouldn’t have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.
Friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves competition. It isn’t competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prize. Perhaps the ecological definition --- the simultaneous (同时) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light --- better explains it.
As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwin’s theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school, friendships learn to coexist with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstance, competition is too much of a burden for a friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a student’s fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve a similar recognition.
Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. A healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendships apart. Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.
1. What does the ecological definition mainly explain?| A．How to win the competition. |
| B．How friends compete with each other. |
| C．What competition exactly is. |
| D．What the result of competition is. |
| A．they know the laws of nature well. |
| B．they are divided into different groups. |
| C．friendship is a burden for them. |
| D．the number of them is too large. |
| A．Friendship is always based on competition. |
| B．The degree of competition is vital to friendship. |
| C．Competition is a result of lost friendship. |
| D．Competition is terribly harmful to friendships. |
| A．The result of competition are out of control. |
| B．Competition becomes fierce in high school. |
| C．Competition is certain to happen at school. |
| D．Friendship is not as important as competition at school. |
“A very disruptive(扰乱型的) six-year old child kicked my legs and clawed at my hand，”said one teacher. “I broke up a fight and was kicked between my legs，” said another. Many people have heard stories like this. But the situation is more worrying still and it involves parents.
Every child, regardless of the circumstances into which they are born，has the right to achieve their potential，regardless of their parents’ wealth and class. And we recognize that, as a nation，it is a long way to achieve this goal. But rights come with responsibilities and what worries people is that we are in danger of neglecting the latter.
Far too many children are behaving badly at school，even to the point of being violent to staff. This is terrible enough，but it is hard to be surprised since many children are just mirroring the behavior of their parents. Too many are starting school unable to hold a knife and fork, unused to eating at a table，and unable to use the lavatory properly.
We are in danger of becoming a nation of families living separate lives under one roof. The bedroom, once a place to sleep，has become the living space for the young. Spending hours in front of computer screens, on social networking sites or being immersed in computer games, children and young people spend little time with their parents. Parents are unable to monitor just what their children are watching.
Schools cannot right the wrongs of society and teachers cannot become substitute parents. Both parties need to work together. Parents must be helped and given confidence to take back control. They are responsible for setting boundaries for their children’s behavior and sticking to those boundaries when the going gets tough. They are responsible for setting a good example to their children and for devoting that most precious of resources—time—so that children come to school ready and are willing to learn.
1. In the opinion of the writer, what problem do people ignore?
| A．The school violence. |
| B．The pressure of students’ learning. |
| C．The right to achieve students potential. |
| D．The responsibilities of the students. |
| A．dissatisfied | B．unconcern | C．understanding | D．tolerance |
| A．parents and children live in their separate rooms |
| B．parents care little about children’s life at home |
| C．children don’t live with their parents in the same room |
| D．at home children live a different life from that of parents |
| A．Children’s behavior at school is worrying people |
| B．Parents expect schools to correct their children’s bad habits |
| C．There is no point in parents’ teaching children at home |
| D．Don’t blame teachers when it’s parents who are failing |
