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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:46 题号:10436928

As a child, Obaida Omar fled the enemy's invasion of her native Afghanistan, walking for weeks through the mountains.

"During the day we had to hide in the villages because of the bombing," said Omar, now a mother of three and Islamic Center of Rochester board member. "I walked on dead bodies. And up till today, it still troubles me a lot when I think back."

Omar, who moved to the U.S. around 13, provided first﹣hand experience last Saturday of what it means to be a child displaced by war as the keynote speaker at the "Dinner for Peace," hosted by the Student Association for the Development of Arab Cultural Awareness.

About 250 guests attended the dinner, the proceeds of which will go to education for children affected by the Middle Eastern refugee crisis.

"Children did not create this conflict, but they are its greatest victims," said Alanoud Alzaid,the group's president, who gave the opening address at the dinner.

Junior Deema Abdo, co﹣founder of the non﹣profit Education for a Peaceful Middle East, helped explain the impact this dinner would have in the context of the Syrian refugee crisis.

"Tonight we have raised roughly ﹩3,000 in profit, which means over 1,000 children can get the education they deserve," she said. "Without you, tonight would not have been possible."

The Yellow Jackets kicked the night off with a selection of lively songs, designed to entertain their audience.

The Sihir belly dancing group﹣an Arabic dance also performed, with pride and authority in their costumes of shining gold and bright coral colors.

"We've been planning this for two months now. It feels wonderful to see such an amazing turnout," said Alzaid. "It reminds me that there is still humanity in each and every one of us."

On the whole, the dinner was a success. The audience was also full of praise.

"It's putting faces to the things we always hear about," sophomore Gabby Stillman said. "It brings back that human element and makes you remember that we're all the same."

1. What still makes Omar afraid till now?
A.Sheltering from enemy's bombing.
B.Having a hard life with three kids.
C.Fleeing for safety over dead bodies.
D.Walking in mountains in her childhood.
2. What does the underlined word "proceeds" in paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Obtained money.
B.Donated equipment.
C.Supported action.
D.Conserved energy.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A.The outcome of the party is no better than expected.
B.The costumes of the performers help to convey Arab cultural awareness.
C.The move contributes to restoring public confidence in the US economy.
D.The children from Middle East and those in America receive the same help.
4. What is the main idea of the text?
A.Night witnesses generosity and humanity among the US guests.
B.Students make joint efforts to help set up a peaceful Middle East.
C.Dinner raises money for children displaced by Middle East Conflict.
D.Children receive voluntary donations from many American charities.

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阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐1】When people find themselves in difficult conflicts, they often turn to mediation(调解). Mediators are advised to listen attentively, avoid favoring the ideas of one party, and make both sides feel at ease. Surprisingly, new research that my colleagues and I conducted suggests that, to effectively help people settle their conflicts, mediators should adopt an hostile (敌对的) attitude rather than a calming one. A hostile mediator, we find, brings better results than a nice one.

Why would adding more negativity to an already hostile situation prove beneficial? Consider how parents typically react when they can’t get their children to stop quarreling: “I don’t care who started it — both of you, go to your rooms!” At first sight, a calm mediator seems likely to be more effective. But as anyone with brothers or sisters knows parents, seemingly unsympathetic treatment of the situation can have an unusual effect. Children who were troubling each other just now suddenly become more reasonable due to their unkind parents. In our research, we created situations in which pairs of negotiators were part of a heated conflict. In some cases, the mediator had a “nice” approach — calm and polite. In others, he was hostile — aggressive and somewhat rude. Across different types of conflicts, we found that negotiators were more willing and able to reach an agreement in the presence of a hostile mediator than in the presence of a nice one.

The main result of the test is not that hostility pays off. In fact, recent research has documented the social costs of negative behavior. For example, being the target of rude behavior reduces people’s performance on a variety of tasks. Other research shows the social benefits of positive behavior. People are more likely to close deals and become future business partners.

Even with the widespread social benefits of positive behavior and costs of negative behavior, hostility can pay off in certain situations.

1. What can we learn about parents’ settlement of conflicts in paragraph 2?
A.It’s calming and wise.B.It’s unfriendly but effective.
C.It’s commonly adopted.D.It harms family relationship.
2. How does the author support his viewpoints?
A.By presenting facts.
B.By making comparison.
C.By analyzing causes and effects.
D.By giving examples and experimenting.
3. Which best describes the author’s attitude in the text?
A.ConcernedB.Doubtful
C.ObjectiveD.Positive
4. What could be the title of the text?
A.The Costs of Negative Behavior
B.The Surprising Power of Hostility
C.The Benefits of Positive Behavior
D.The Importance of Effective Mediation
2019-04-26更新 | 88次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中 (0.65)
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文章大意:这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了独处与孤独的区别,并强调独处对个人成长的重要性。通过历史人物的故事和科学研究,作者提倡在喧嚣世界中寻找独处时光,以恢复内心并享受自我反思的益处。

【推荐2】It is William Shakespeare, the great coiner, who is given credit for the word. Coriolanus, one of his characters, compares going into exile (流放) to a “lonely dragon” retiring to his cave. He was talking about a physical state: someone who was lonely was simply alone. Then, thanks to the Romantic poets, the word took on emotional meanings. Loneliness became a condition of the soul. For William Wordsworth, who famously “wandered lonely as a cloud”, the natural world offered an escape from negative feelings of loneliness — a host of flowers could provide “cheerful company”. Today, loneliness is often seen as a serious public-health problem, creating the feeling of disconnection.

In his book Solitude, Netta Weinstein, a psychology professor wonders the rewards of time spent alone. He begins with an account of stories of solitude created by figures such as Michel Montaigne, a writer, and Edward Hopper, a painter. Netta then draw on laboratory work, interviews and surveys to clarify how being alone really affects the human mind.

It is common to treat loneliness and solitude as synonyms (同义词), but they are not. The author suggests that what is negatively described as one state can be positively expressed as the other. Loneliness, often perceived as negative, can potentially be transformed into a positive experience of solitude. To this end he emphasizes how being alone can help restore people and offers practical advice. In a noisy world, he argues, people should make time to be alone, away from attention-grabbing motives.

The book’s interviewees mostly regard a lack of company as a contributor to autonomy. But this depends on whether solitude is desirable or not. Enforced solitude, such as that experienced by prisoners, typically leads to nothing but suffering. Elective solitude, by contrast, affords space for self-reflection. It can open the door to “peak experiences” such as wonder, harmony, and happiness. In a highly-connected digital age, however, many readers do not fancy their chances of ever taking a long enough break to have such experiences.

1. How does paragraph 1 introduce the concept of loneliness?
A.By tracing its development.B.By analyzing causes.
C.By making a point to be argued.D.By sharing a romantic story.
2. What does Netta Weinstein’s book Solitude focus on?
A.The various terms of solitude.
B.The societal impact of solitude.
C.The long-standing history of solitude.
D.The psychological benefits of solitude.
3. Netta describes the state of loneliness as __________.
A.stressfulB.essentialC.changeableD.never beneficial
4. What does Netta most probably agree with according to the last paragraph?
A.Enforced solitude is a matter of choice.
B.Enforced solitude contributes to autonomy.
C.Elective solitude is rare in the digital world.
D.Elective solitude interrupts peak experiences.
2024-05-31更新 | 279次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约500词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐3】The philosopher,Martin Buber,is most known for his work on ”I-Thou/You" relationships in which people are open,direct,mutually interested in each other. In contrast,“I-It" relationships are those in which we use the other,like an object,to solve our problems and fulfill our needs and purposes.

It is not our fault that many of our relationships are or become "It" relationships because most of what we feel,think and do is motivated by unconscious memories of how to survive the environment. Thus,one of the reasons we use other people to help us feel better about ourselves and cope in the world is that using people was once necessary and it worked.When we were small and helpless,“It"came and-fed us,and held us,and set us on our way.We didn't have to reciprocate and care for“It". Even when the care and attention of "it" was minimal or unpredictable,if we got out of childhood alive,somewhere along the way "it" was involved.

When we are very young,other people are always "it"s whom we use to fulfill our needs. Freud called this stage of early life "primary narcissism",which is our instinct for self-preservation and is a normal part of our development.While most of us grow out of it,we still hold a survival fear,which motivates us to escape danger and to stay alive,and we all need this fear in healthy measure.

The problem is that too many of us,too much of the time,are in a constant state of threat--and we often don't know it. We imagine people are talking about us behind our backs,that we have cancer,that we are inadequate,and vulnerable to more than our share of bad luck.As our brains have grown in size and complexity,so has our ability to scare ourselves.

This causes many problems. For example,our stress levels increase,our digestion is impaired and our thinking becomes restricted. Our threat response stops any bodily function,feeling,thought and behavior that might"waste'"energy and detract from fighting or escaping danger. Thus,when in threat,our emotional,cognitive and behavioral range is significantly reduced.

And in this reduced state, one of our solutions is to find someone who can save and comfort us. Instead of enabling us to be open,direct and mutual,fear and anxiety lead us towards conversations and choices in our relations with others that are orientated towards surviving--not thriving. Threat-motivated relationships are characterized by need,dependency,control,demand,dishonesty,and self-interest.

We cannot form the "I-Thou"relationships that Buber speaks of until we have learned to notice, comfort,and understand the emotions and patterns of our threat brain.When in threat,we tend to use other people as objects who can save and protect us,or who we can blame for our problems.

1. When a person reciprocates,he tends to ________ .
A.ask for some advice.B.return the favour.
C.convey an apology.D.make some comments.
2. What can we learn about“primary narcissism'"?
A.It leads to our fear.
B.It impacts our growth negatively.
C.It is normal and usually temporary.
D.It lays the foundation for Freud's theory.
3. Which of the following could be an example of "I-It" relationships'?
A.Comforting an upset friend.B.Feeling sorry for your mistakes.
C.Asking others to take on your task.D.Trying hard to be independent.
4. What would be the best title for this passage'?
A.How We Can Form the "I-Thou"Relationships
B.How We Can Get Out of the "I-It"Relationships
C.What Helps Us Survive and Thrive in Early Stages of Life
D.Why We Treat Others as Objects Rather Than Individuals
2021-11-23更新 | 184次组卷
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