For many people, remembering to take their daily medicine can be the difference between life and death. Yet, people forget all the time. Now a study from North Carolina State University has found that changes in daily behavior have a significant effect on whether we remember to take our medicine-and that these changes influence older and younger adults differently.
“We've found that it is not just differences between people, but differences in what we do each day, that affect our ability to remember to take medicine,” says Dr. Shevaun Neupert, lead author of a paper describing the research. “This is the first time anyone has looked at the effect of daily changes in how busy we are affects our ability to remember medicines.”
“For example, young people do the best job of remembering to take their medicine on days when they are busier than usual,” Neupcrt says. “But older adults do a better job of remembering their medicine on days when they are less busy.”
The researchers evaluated study participants who were on daily medicines. The participants were divided into two groups: younger adults(between the ages of 18 and 20) and older adults(between the ages of 60 and 89).
For both age groups, the researchers found that participants were more likely to remember to take their medicines on days when they performed better than usual on “cognition(认知)tests”-which evaluate memory and critical thinking.
“We found that cognition is an important factor in remembering medicines,” Neupert says. “but that how busy we are is also important." This has very real applications for helping people remember to take medicines that can be essential to their health and well-being.
“We've found such a disparity between young and old adults, that it's clear we need to tailor our messages to these two groups.” Neupert says. “For example, it is important for young people to stay busy and be active. That will help them, remember to take their medicines. However, we need to let older adults-know that they need to give particular attention to remembering medicines on days when they expect to be busier than usual.”
1. Which shows what is new about the research on remembering medicines?| A．Age differences. | B．Differences between people. |
| C．Changes in the amount of work. | D．Changes in the types of work. |
| A．Difference. | B．Disadvantage. |
| C．Connection. | D．Coincidence. |
| A．Keep themselves busy. | B．Take a cognition test. |
| C．Always remind themselves about it. | D．Think of their health and well-being. |
| A．One's daily medicine and daily work. |
| B．The time and place to take medicine. |
| C．The connection between medicine and health. |
| D．Changes in daily behavior and age differences. |
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【推荐1】Lightning(闪电) strikes more than eight million times a day worldwide. That’s about 93 times per second. What a phenomenon!
How hot is a lightning bolt? About 50, 000°F-five times hotter than the surface of the sun. Yes, it really can rain frogs, fish, and other decidedly odd things. It’s a rare meteorological(气象学的) event, but scientists say strong winds from a tornado or from a storm can be powerful enough to drive animals and objects high into the air, and they have to comedown eventually.
It is a bad idea to take a shower during a thunderstorm. If lightning hits your house, it can travel through your plumbing(管道设备) and shock anyone who comes into contact with water flowing through it. People have been shocked or killed while bathing, washing dishes and clothes. This is also why indoor pools often close during storms. Rubber tires are not what protect you from lightning when you’re in your car. You’re protected because when lightning hits a car, it travels around the outside of the metal structure to get to the ground. Just be careful not to touch any metal areas inside.
Lightning can strike the same place twice—and it often does, especially objects that are tall, pointy, and separated. The Empire State Building, for example, is hit almost 100 times a year, according to the CDC.
You can be struck by lightning even when it’s no training. About 10 percent of lightning strikes take place when there’s no rainfall. In the 1980s, NASA flew one airplane through 1.496 thunderstorms. It was struck by lightning more than 700 times. Today, a commercial airplane will be hit by lightning about once a year on average, typically with no ill effects. It has been decades since a U.S. airliner has crashed as a result of a lightning strike.
To deal with such a frequent phenomenon, every day, twice a day, weather trackers, at the same time, launch giant balloons from almost 900 locations worldwide. The balloons measure above ground weather data such as temperature, humidity(湿气), and wind speed, and they provide vital information that meteorologists use to make forecasts and predict lightning.
1. What can lightning lead to according to the text?| A．Burning everything. | B．Raining animals. |
| C．Shocking everybody outdoors. | D．Hitting an object for once. |
| A．Take abath at home. | B．Swim in a pool. |
| C．Avoid metal things. | D．Stand under at all tree. |
| A．No sign of rainfall means no lightning. |
| B．Efforts have been made to keep aircraft safe. |
| C．Commercial planes can escape lightning hits. |
| D．The Empire State Building faces most lightning strikes. |
| A．Lightning location. | B．Measurement balloons. |
| C．Changing wind direction. | D．Weather forecast and prediction. |
【推荐2】Geologists have long been fascinated by a missing piece of Earth’s history — a lost continent called Argoland. Around 155 million years ago, the 5,000-kilometer continent broke off from Western Australia and began drifting(漂移), leaving behind a basin deep below the ocean known as the Argo Abyssal Plain. But where did Argoland actually go?
The seabed structure suggests that the continent drifted northwestward and ended up Southeast Asia. But surprisingly, there is no large continent hidden beneath those islands, only small continental fragments(碎片) surrounded by ancient oceanic basins. Using this theory, geologists at Utrecht University discovered that Argoland hadn’t really disappeared but survived as a “very extended and fragmented collection” under the islands to the east of Indonesia.
Unlike other continents like Africa and South America, which broke neatly into two pieces, Argoland split into many smaller fragments that were dispersed, which made it difficult for scientists to locate and study the continent’s geological features. However, with advanced technology and the discovery, scientists can now piece them together.
Tracing the continents is vital for understanding processes like the evolution of biodiversity. It could help explain something known as the mysterious Wallace line, which is an imaginary boundary that separates mammals, birds, and even early human species in Southeast Asian islands. The boundary has puzzled scientists because of how clearly it separates the island’s wildlife. To the west of the line are placental mammals like apes and elephants. But these are almost completely absent to the east, where you can find marsupials and cockatoos — animals typically associated with Australia. Researchers have theorized that this may be because Argoland carried its own wildlife away from Australia before it crashed into Southeast Asia, which helps explain why different species are found in different nations.
The story of Argoland is not one of complete disappearance but of transformation. As the world continues to evolve, this lost continent serves as a powerful symbol of the fragility of life on this planet, and a reminder of the importance of respecting and protecting the world that we live in.
1. What do we know about Argoland?| A．It split into two pieces many years ago. |
| B．It broke away from the continent of Africa. |
| C．It sank to the bottom of the Argo Abyssal Plain. |
| D．It exists as fragments under the eastern islands of Indonesia. |
| A．Crashed. | B．Connected. | C．Distributed. | D．Disappeared. |
| A．To introduce the early history of Argoland. |
| B．To stress the significance of tracing Argoland. |
| C．To prove the biodiversity of Southeast Asian islands. |
| D．To explain the evolutionary process of Australian species. |
| A．The Discovery of a Lost Continent | B．The Boundaries of Wildlife Habitats |
| C．The Geological Features of Argoland | D．The Formation of the Argo Abyssal Plain |
【推荐3】Now, a growing body of data shows the brain, just like our body, also suffers when we don’t move enough. And this can contribute to mental health problems during your teen years.
Jacob Barkley is a scientist at Kent State University. He was part of a team that asked 398 college students and teachers about their activities before and after in-person classes stopped in March 2020. Those who had exercised the most became less physically active, on average. Although some people who had been less active before did more physical activity after the class shutdowns, sedentary time went up a lot for the whole group. From April to June 2020, the people they surveyed sat almost eight hours more per week, on average, than they had before. Barkley’s team shared its findings in the September 1, 2020 International Journal of Exercise Science.
In another study, researchers surveyed 937 Brazilian adults during the early months of the pandemic. They mostly stayed home, except for things like doctor visits or food-shopping. About one-third of these people wound up sitting for more than 10 hours per day, according to their own estimates. And people who did that were more likely to report feelings of depression. The research team shared its findings in the October 2020 Psychiatry Research.
Although some research does suggest that any higher risk for depression might depend on what people do while they sit, we shouldn’t take that news sitting down, even in a pandemic. The more time people spend sitting, the higher their risk of depression and possibly other mental health problems they have, studies find.
1. How did Jacob Barkley’s team carry out their study?| A．By observing people’s daily life. | B．By changing people’s way of life. |
| C．By comparing two groups of people. | D．By collecting information from people. |
| A．School time. | B．Physical exercise time. |
| C．Long time spent studying online. | D．Long time spent sitting and not moving. |
| A．Adults suffer more from the pandemic. | B．Sitting for too long can lead to depression. |
| C．Food-shopping is a good way to move around. | D．Adults should stay physically active 10 hours a day. |
| A．What People School do While They Sit | B．More Attention Should Be Paid to Our Brain |
| C．Inactivity Can do Harm to Your Mental Health | D．How the Pandemic Affects Students’ Mental Health |
【推荐1】“There may be no more powerful method of learning than through music, and no more important lessons for children than those that focus on character and social and emotional skills,” according to clinical psychologist (临床心理学家) and author Don MacMannis, Ph.D., who is a music director and songwriter for the hit children’s series Jay Jay the Jet Plane.
MacMannis has developed over 40 songs in a variety of types that help kids with everything from being confident and managing their feelings to respecting others and understanding responsibility.
To test the 40 songs’ effects on school kids, a study involved 320 first and secondgrade students from 16 classrooms at schools in Santa Barbara and Goleta, California. Kids were given a CD, and then received nine lessons using songs and activities from trained college students. The themes were: Friendship and Reaching Out, Respect and Caring, Celebrating Differences, Expressing and Managing Feelings, Communication and Conflict, Positive Thinking, Dealing with Fears, Best Effort, and Manners and Review.
To test the efficiency of the intervention (介入), teachers completed the Behavioral and Emotional Screening System (BESS) for each child four times in one year along with other assessments about the classroom. The college students who taught the lessons, the school’s principal and the children’s parents all provided feedback as well.
Both first and second graders showed a variety of improvements, including “approaching peers, understanding and using the Golden Rule, settling conflicts by talking out feelings, staying on tasks and having a positive attitude,” according to MacMannis. Second graders also “showed improvements on concentration and selfcontrol.”
Music is a great way to engage your kids in powerful lessons, such as teaching them social and emotional skills. “Music makes complex concepts more accessible and enjoyable. It assists the progress of language learning. Cheerful or inspirational music also may improve cognitive (认知的) abilities. Music appears to light up various regions of the brain related to language, hearing and motor control,” MacMannis said.
1. What do we know about MacMannis?| A．He shows great musical talent. |
| B．He often plays music for patients. |
| C．He has published many children’s books. |
| D．He works as a parttime elementary teacher. |
| A．They generally belong to the same type. |
| B．They will be played in children’s series. |
| C．They aim to improve children’s music skills. |
| D．They will benefit children’s emotional development. |
①writing songs for the kids
②giving lessons with songs to the kids
③recording the teaching process on the CD
④providing information about the kids’ performance
| A．①② | B．②③ | C．③④ | D．②④ |
| A．It’s a valuable teaching tool. | B．It’s a skill requiring much effort. |
| C．It benefits primary students most. | D．It relies on language development. |
【推荐2】Video conferencing has been around for more than 20 years. Until the COVID-19 pandemic, though, you would find that many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of their teammates. Today, we’re routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual. And this is creating a problem that technology can’t fix.
The problem is us, specifically the fact that we haven’t evolved socially to the point where we can bear much separation. So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how close we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One surprising victim of social distancing is laughter.
Normally people laugh about 18 times per day. And 97% of that time we’re laughing with others — we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than to laugh alone. Think about it: how often when you and your friends laugh at something that is actually funny? Research shows that 80% of what people laugh at is really not that funny.
So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning when just one person yawns, most people can’t help but laugh when those around them do. This is why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks.
Laughing in response to other people’s laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon. When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and sets off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work.
In today’s home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less.
1. What is the problem mentioned in the first two paragraphs?| A．A distant relationship. | B．Unexpected social evolution. |
| C．Decreased laughter. | D．Removed social distance. |
| A．Laughing alone is normal. | B．Laughing is for fun. |
| C．Laughing starts with yawning. | D．Laughing comes more in groups. |
| A．The motivation behind laughter. | B．The chemicals regarding laughter. |
| C．The mechanism of laughter. | D．The significance of laughter. |
| A．How to boost laughter. | B．How to better a team. |
| C．How to reduce stress. | D．How to increase productivity. |
They feel ill equipped for parenthood, because they don’t see what values or lessons they could honestly pass on to their young, besides self-centeredness and a passion for the good things in life. They are trying to live by not acting their age.
As Ms Jane put it in her letter: I’m married, in my late 20s and enjoy a lifestyle other married graduate couples enjoy: winning and dining, tasteful clothes, travel and a career. Why give up all these for a baby?
It is reported that when asked whether they were adults, most people in their 20s answered they were not sure. This reflected a global economy in which people chased more papers to get better jobs that would comfortably support middle class living.
Being a kidult is not all about being selfish, though. With the untold uncertainties of war, fluctuating(波动)markets, disease and terrorism, many see this world as a poor place to live in—let alone bring kids up in. This seems especially so in urban living. All anyone wants after a long, hard day at work is some peace and quiet.
My classmate, Jenny, mused(沉思)recently how our friends living in small Malaysian towns were onto their second or third kids. Maybe they just loved having children around. Or maybe, in their own way, they wanted to leave the world a better place than they found it.
That’s how you, I and everyone know we have the chance to breathe air, touch grass and see sky. I think out parents understand that just being alive is an experience worth passing on.
1. What is a kidult in the writer’s opinion?
| A．A person who doesn’t have a child |
| B．An adult who actually has a psychology of a child |
| C．A child who doesn’t want to grow up |
| D．A person who doesn’t know that what values he has |
| A．money |
| B．reputation |
| C．qualification |
| D．power |
| A．presenting research findings |
| B．making comparison |
| C．showing her own experience |
| D．using examples |
| A．know little what they can pass on to their children |
| B．are sure of their abilities for good life |
| C．living in urban can enjoy more peace |
| D．living in small towns know well what they’re living for |
【推荐1】It's not easy to grow up. Actually, it's far from easy. Growing up can be a real "pain" for some of us. We are always doing things that someone else makes us do and aren't allowed to do all the things we like. Sometimes we feel trapped, sometimes we are fearful, and sometimes we just don't understand why we can't stay young forever. When we look back on all the hardships in life with a positive attitude, we realize that all of our growing pains actually turn into growing gains!
Throughout our lives we are going to face many challenges and pains, but we should never let these obstacles（障碍）keep us from following our dreams. We must overcome every obstacle one small step at a time.
As a young girl my parents forced me to do so many things that I never liked. They made me learn to play the violin and then the piano. At that time I hated music, just because it was what they wanted me to do. But looking back now, I am so glad that my parents encouraged me to take music lessons. Music has enriched my life in so many ways. I realize that my parents and teachers were always pushing me along, not because they wanted me to suffer but because they wanted me to succeed in life. They've always wanted me to have better life than they did themselves.
Every moment of our lives we are either living or dying, so live life to its fullest! We are all going to experience growing pains, but they are just small pains in life. They might seem so huge at the time but we must be strong. Think about how we would feel if we had no fear and live life like that.
The future is ours! A little hard work and sweat never hurt anyone! If we realize that these pains are just small bumps（凸块）on our road to success we will realize that our growing pains are actually growing gains!
1. According to Paragraph 1, we learn that when we are young, ________.| A．life is easy for us | B．life is full of joy |
| C．we know we can stay young forever | D．we sometimes can't do things we like |
| A．take music lessons | B．turn gains into pains |
| C．look back on hardships | D．live a successful life |
| A．We all have to experience growing pains. |
| B．Life without fear is a better choice for us. |
| C．Growing pains are necessary for us to grow up. |
| D．A little hard work and sweat are harmful to us. |
【推荐2】When I brush my teeth each morning, I see my tongue, and feel slightly amazed that it’s going to be insured(投保) for ￡1 million. I had never really paid much attention to it until I became a baby-food tester. Now, my tongue—or rather, its ability to determine tiny changes in flavor—is the primary tool of my job. The company I work for believes I’m so valuable in terms of getting the balance of tastes in baby food just right that it’s worth getting insured.
I’m what you call a “supertaster” —one of a small percentage of the population born with twice as many taste buds(味蕾) as the rest. Babies are typically born with more than 10,000 taste buds, but in later life they decrease to as few as 5,000. At 24 I should really be at the height of my tasting power.
At first, baby food tasted strange to me — it took a while to get used to eating a meal that had been reduced to a paste(糊状物). Also, I have to make a real effort to think like a baby — to imagine that each time I put a spoonful of pie in my mouth, I am six months old again. I still avoid tasting baby fish pie after breakfast.
I am more aware of the need to protect my tongue these days, particularly before a tasting session, and to avoid any strong tastes or smells, such as coffee and perfume. I also drink plenty of water during the day to clean my palate(上颚).
It’s not really something that affects my personal life. Outside work it’s a joy to be able to taste everything so deeply. One consequence is that eating is a much richer experience for me than for most people. If I take one bite of a salad, I can tell immediately what’s in the dressing. I like the challenge of guessing what’s in anything I eat, and the satisfaction of rarely getting it wrong.
1. The reason why the author’s tongue is going to be insured is that __________.| A．few people have his tasting power |
| B．he manages valuable assets for his company |
| C．baby-food testers’ taste buds are easily injured |
| D．he makes well-balanced meals for babies |
| A．is good at making baby food | B．has more taste buds |
| C．knows a lot about nutrition | D．is very young |
①By avoiding strong tastes.
②By brushing his teeth every day.
③By staying away from strong smells.
④By drinking plenty of water.
| A．①②③ | B．②③④ |
| C．①②④ | D．①③④ |
| A．He can learn a lot about food by tasting it. |
| B．He can easily tell which of two foods is better. |
| C．He is more sensitive to the flavor than other people. |
| D．He spends much of his time eating every day. |
【推荐3】The British have long been known for their love of tea, but people in London also drink a lot of coffee. In fact, the average Londoner reportedly drinks 2.3 cups of coffee every day.
And now, waste coffee grounds (咖啡渣) will be used to help fuel part of the city’s transportation system.
A technology company announced on Monday that some buses will be using a biofuel (生物燃料) that contains coffee oil.
The company, bio-bean, and its partner, Argent Energy, say they have made enough coffee oil to power one of London’s famous double-decker buses for a year.
The announcement made bio-bean a trending story on social media.
The government agency Transport for London has been turning to biofuels to cut production of carbon emissions. Carbon emissions are the gas produced by the burning of carbon, and the gas is released into the atmosphere.
London’s mayor, Sadiq Khan, said last month that his city has a “health crisis ... caused directly by poor-quality air”. The government has taken steps to discourage people from driving cars that do not meet European Union emissions requirements.
bio-bean said Londoners produce over 200, 000 tons of waste coffee grounds a year. The company said it collects waste grounds from chain coffee shops and factories. The grounds are dried and processed to remove coffee oil.
“It’s a great example of what can be done when we start to reimagine waste as an untapped resource,” said one of bio-bean founders Arthur Kay. The coffee fuel technology has been receiving support from the oil company Royal Dutch Shell plc.
1. The main reason why some buses use biofuels is ______.| A．to show the Londoners prefer coffee to tea |
| B．to improve the speed of the bus in London |
| C．to lower carbon emissions |
| D．to encourage people to go to work by bus |
| A．The city’s transportation system. |
| B．The European Union. |
| C．Royal Dutch Shell pic. |
| D．Chain coffee shops and factories. |
| A．undeveloped | B．unforgotten |
| C．explored | D．abandoned |
| A．Coffee Grounds to Help Power London’s Buses |
| B．The Use of Coffee |
| C．Coffee Culture in London |
| D．A New Way of Using a Biofuel |
【推荐1】Head injuries typically come from trauma (创伤) caused by hard or sharp objects. The skull does not have to be broken, but can be. If the skull is soft when touched, or missing, the victim is likely to have an open or depressed skull fracture (骨折). If a skull fracture is suspected, call 911 immediately.
A closed head injury is an injury to the brain inside an undamaged skull. Injury to the brain causes swelling, which quickly increases the pressure within the skull. The increased pressure causes more damage to the brain, which causes more swelling, and so on.
Some types of closed head injury stop the cycle automatically, while others will continue to get worse until the victim dies. The only way to tell the difference is through a CT scan, which looks at the brain and the skull using X-rays.
In all cases of injury to the head and neck, it’s vital not to move the victim at will. Support his or her head in the position you found it. Backbones can be injured from movement of the head during trauma. Broken or displaced backbones can cut or put pressure on the nerves of the spinal cord, causing temporary or permanent inability to move and loss of feeling.
Vomiting (呕吐) can lead to problems with the victim's airway. If the victim begins vomiting and is unconscious, place the victim in the recovery position to let the vomit flow from the victim’s mouth.
It is a misunderstanding that head injury victims should be kept awake. If a victim of trauma to the head does not have any of the signs or symptoms (症状) of a closed head injury or skull fracture，there is no reason to keep him or her awake. Once asleep, wake the victim up about 30 minutes later to make sure he or she can be aroused. If you are unable to wake him or her up. Call 911 immediately.
1. What should we do when seeing a victim with a damaged skull?| A．Call an ambulance right away. |
| B．Cover him or her with a blanket first. |
| C．Place him or her in a cool place as soon as possible. |
| D．Put him or her in the recovery position immediately. |
| A．It will cause a drop in the pressure within the skull. |
| B．It is often accompanied by an open skull fracture. |
| C．It will make the brain swell worse and worse. |
| D．It can be of different types. |
| A．cause them to vomit. | B．do further injuries to them. |
| C．put great pressure on their skulls | D．lead to their permanent loss of memory |
| A．Not all the head-injured people need to stay awake. |
| B．Not all the vomiting stops naturally 30 minutes later. |
| C．Not all the victims of trauma to the head will be sleepy. |
| D．Not all the symptoms of closed head injury are noticeable |
【推荐2】Which of the following books should you read? It is based on your next travel destination.
As you're traveling around Amsterdam , read “The Fault in Our Stars
Previously adapted into a film in 2014 , John Green's story of star-crossed teenagers famously includes a trip to Amsterdam. The Anne Frank House and The Rijksmuseum are two of many major destinations mentioned in the book. Plus, the bench from the film adaptation of this novel has even become its own tourist spot.
“The Elegance of the Hedgehog” is excellent reading for a trip to Paris.
Before wandering down the Champs-lysees, open Muriel Barbery's novel for a delightful look into the lives of wealthy Parisians. Set in a French apartment building, the story follows two totally different people who discover they are kindred souls.
Bring “One Hundred Years of Solitude" to read in South America.
A significant work of literature, Gabriel Garcia Mdrquez’s classic follows generations of the Buendia family as they live in their South-American town. Garcia Marquez's descriptions make the book a perfect read for visiting some of the breathtaking sights of South America.
“Call Me by Your Name” should perhaps be read in the summertime , in Italy .
This novel is said to take place in the Northern-Italian seaside region of Liguria. And if you've seen the 2017 coming -of-age film adaptation of the book, you'll already know the story describes beautiful summers in Northern Italy, complete with seaside encounters and lush greenery.
If you're visiting New York City, enter the mind of Holden Caulfield.
“The Catcher in the Rye” is a classic tale of a lost teenager's unplanned trip to New York City. In the JD-Salinger novel, Holden visits a nightclub in the East Village, goes ice skating in Rockefeller Center , and takes his sister to the Central Park Zoo.
1. What will you learn if you read “The Elegance of the Hedgehog"?| A．Amsterdam Bench. | B．Parisians' life. |
| C．Italian Summer Sights. | D．Night clubs in New York. |
| A．The Fault in Our Stars & Call Me by Your Name. |
| B．The Elegance of the Hedgehog & One hundred Years of Solitude. |
| C．One hundred Years of Solitude & The Catcher in the Rye. |
| D．The Catcher in the Rye & Call Me by Your Name. |
| A．The Elegance of the Hedgehog. | B．One Hundred Years of Solitude. |
| C．The Catcher in the Rye. | D．Call Me by Your Name. |
【推荐3】Bees and butterflies are active during the daytime. They get a lot of attention of their roles as pollinators. As these insects have become more endangered, many people have taken action to protect them. But it's a different story for moths. Moths are seen much less often, because they are active at night. They're mainly known for beating against windows when they are attracted by lights. As a result, they are often ignored by humans. But moths also play an important role in pollinating plants.
Last year, scientists studied insects around nine ponds on farmlands in the United Kingdom. They visited these ponds once a month from March to October. The researchers studied three groups of insects: moths, bees that normally work together(like honeybees or bumblebees), and flying insects which work alone, such as butterflies, wasps, hoverflies and other bees.
The bodies of bees and hoverflies are hairy(when you look close enough). Moth bodies often seem furry. All of these insects spread pollen more or less by accident, when pollen from one flower sticks to their bodies and falls off when they move to other flowers.
At the ponds, the scientists caught these flying insects and tried to collect pollen from their bodies. In all, the researchers checked 838 moths, 632 other insects which work alone, and 1548 honeybees and bumblebees. By studying the pollen they collected, the scientists were able to see which plants the moths had pollen from 47 different kinds of plants, including seven plants that bees don't normally visit. The honeybees and bumblebees had pollen from 46 different kinds of plants. The other insects that work alone had visited 45 different kinds of plants.
Richard Walton, who led the study, says that bees usually choose the plants with the most nectar and pollen. But moths are less choosy. There are many different kinds of moths and they pollinate many different plants, filling in the gaps left by the daytime pollinators.
Not only do moths pollinate plants, they also provide important food for birds and bats. But, like many other insects, the number of moths has dropped greatly in the last 50 years, mainly because of pesticides and the loss of natural lands. Just like bees and butterflies, moths are worth protecting. "Moths are not at all less important," says Dr. Walton.
1. Why is it a different story for moths?| A．Because they have very good fame. | B．Because they often don't get the same respect as bees. |
| C．Because they are considered amazing. | D．Because they are famous pollinators to humans. |
| A．Moth bodies are actually furry. | B．Moths are actually very good pollinators. |
| C．The bodies of bees and hoverflies are hairy. | D．Insects are most active from March to October. |
| A．They land on more kinds of plants. | B．They prefer plants with the most nectar. |
| C．They prefer very rare plants in the wild. | D．They work both in the daytime and at night. |
| A．Helpful insects are worth protecting. | B．Humans need pollinators to survive. |
| C．Moths are important and worth protecting. | D．Moths are important to local ecosystem. |
