【推荐1】If you have a chance to take a walk in a park, look carefully at the people walking their dogs. You’ll probably find friendly-looking people with friendly dogs; quiet people with quiet dogs; large men with oversized dogs and long-haired women with long-eared dogs. As you’ve probably noticed, dogs and their owners look alike. Have you ever wondered why?

These similarities are so common that researchers have tried to explain them. There are two theories (理论): the convergence (趋同) theory and the selection theory. The convergence theory says that as the owner and the dog spend more time together, they influence each other to the point where they grow similar. In other words, they “converge.”The selection theory, on the other hand, says that owners are interested in dogs that look like them, so they choose those dogs as pets.

Recently, researchers at the University of California decided to test the two theories by taking pictures of 45 dogs separately from their owners. Then they asked some students to match the dogs’ photos with their owners. The students were quite successful with purebred (纯种的) dogs: they correctly matched 16 out of 25 with their owners. However, they had almost no success connecting mixed-breed (杂交的) dogs with their owners. When owners select a purebred dog, they can easily predict (预测) what it will look like later. But that is not true with mixed-breed dogs because it’s hard to predict what a mixed-breed dog will look like when it grows up. And since it was the purebreds not the mixed-breeds that looked like their owners, the research seems to prove the“selection theory”.

But one bit of warning. Although many people look like their dogs, not all dog owners enjoy having the similarity pointed out to them. So, even if the similarity is amazing, don’t go up to a stranger and say,“Wow, you look just like your dog!”

【推荐3】Some people sit outside for hours without getting bitten by mosquitoes, but it always seems like you’re being eaten alive within minutes of stepping outdoors.

If this is you, you’re not alone. According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people makes mosquitoes’ mouths water?

A popular myth claims that mosquitoes prefer certain blood types, but the fact is that they simply can’t tell what your blood type is from a faraway place. Jonathon Day, a professor of medical entomology (昆虫学) at the University of Florida in the US, told NBC it’s not complicated. “The two most important reasons a mosquito is attracted to you have to do with sight and smell.”

Mosquitoes are especially active in the late afternoon. While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims (攻击对象) by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO²) breathed out by humans and animals. That’s why you commonly find them in crowded streets and parks.

Joop van Loon, an entomologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, told Live Science, “Mosquitoes start orienting (使......朝向) themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations (浓度).”

As a result, people who simply exhale (呼出) more of the gas over time – generally, larger people – have been shown to attract more mosquitoes than others. “This is why kids don’t get bitten as much ... as adults,” US professor Ted Rosen told Science Alert.

This love for CO² can also put pregnant women at increased risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO² than people of the same age and size who aren’t pregnant.

In addition to carbon dioxide, the color of the clothes you wear also plays a role in attracting mosquitoes.

According to Live Science, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 50 meters away. At this distance, what we wear has a huge effect. Due to their vision (视觉), people wearing dark colors are more likely to become targets.

Being bitten by mosquitoes is annoying, but don’t worry. Some simple tips can help ward them off. Scientists recommend that we use insect repellent (驱虫剂) and wear light-colored clothing.

【推荐1】Some people can sit outside all summer long and not suffer from mosquito bites, while others turn into an itchy (痒的) mess despite bathing in DEET (含驱蚊胺的沐浴露) and never leaving the purple light of the bug zapper (灭蚊灯). It’s mostly about the invisible chemical landscape of the air around us. Mosquitoes take advantage of this landscape by using specialized behaviors and sensory organs to find victims by following the tiny chemical marks their bodies leave behind; specifically, mosquitoes rely on carbon dioxide to find their hosts.

When we breathe, the carbon dioxide from our lungs doesn’t immediately mix with the air, but temporarily stays in plumes (团状气流) that mosquitoes follow. “Mosquitoes start locating themselves in those pulses of carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations than the normal atmosphere contains,” said Joop van Loon, a scientist who studies insects. Using carbon dioxide, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 164 feet (50 meters) away.

Things start getting personal when mosquitoes get about 3 feet (1 meter) away from a group of potential targets. At a short distance, mosquitoes take into account a lot of factors that vary from person to person, including skin temperature, the presence of water vapor (水蒸气) and color. Scientists think the most important factor mosquitoes rely on when choosing one person over another is the chemical compounds (化合物) produced by the colonies of microbes (微生物菌落) that live on our skin.

These chemical smells are complex, including upward of 300 different compounds, and they vary from person to person based on genetic variation and environments. “If you compare a father and daughter in the same household, there can be differences in the ratios of the chemicals the microbes are making,” said Jeff Riffell, an associate professor of biology who has studied mosquito attraction. For instance, men with a greater diversity of skin microbes tended to get fewer mosquito bites than men with less diverse skin microbes did, a study found.

Tiny differences in the elements of these chemical smells can account for big differences in how many bites a person gets. The elements of those microbial colonies can also vary over time in the same individual, particularly if that person is sick, Riffell said. We don’t have much control over the microbiomes on our skin, but Riffell did offer some advice based on his research — mosquitoes love the color black, so consider wearing something lighter at your next cookout.

【推荐1】In a new study, researchers analyzed information from more than 18 ,000 people who provided blood samples.Participants reported whether they exercised regularly，and if 80, what type of exercises they typically did. The researchers hen scanned participants' blood, looking for genes(基因) that are tied to an increased risk of obesity(肥胖). Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this risk.

Overall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower BMI(体重指数) than those who didn't. This was true even among people who were genetically easy to become overweight. But one exercise stood out as the one with the strongest anti-obesity effcet: jogging. Partitipants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic risk who did not jog.

But for those who loathe jogging, fear not: Five other types of exercises were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity. These included mountain climbing, balloo dancing and walking. The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the greatest genetie risk of obesity.

Interestingly,several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling,stretching exercises and swimming. The findings don't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight control. It's just that they didn't seem to counteract the genetic tendency to gain weight.

There could be several reasons for this. The researchers noted that, for the average Joe or Jane, cylcing and stretching exercises tend to require less energy than the exercises that were tied to a lower obesity risk. In addition, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite.

【推荐2】Anyone wanting to throw away their mobile phone can do it in style（时尚地）and may even win a medal－at the Mobile Phone Throwing World Championship.

Originally a local event in a small town close to the Russian border，the fifteenth annual contest drew many throwers from as far as Canada，Russia and Belgium.

Founder Christine Lund describes the event as a good source of light exercise with an environmentally-friendly activity. “There are a lot of mobile phones on the second-hand market，and we are recycling them（before they become poisonous waste），”she said.

The inventive Finns had already given the world the Sauna World Championships and the Wife Carrying Competition before coming up with a new way to make mobile phones even more mobile.

This year’s gold medal went to Finland’s Lassi Etelatalo，who threw a waste Nokia unit a forceful 89.00 meters. “I prepared by javelin（标枪）throwing，I haven’t really practiced throwing mobile phones，”Etelatalo said.

Lund says competitors all have their favorite throwing brand. “People choose by size，by color or by how it fits in the hand……Some believe a heavy model will ensure a long throw，some want a light one.”

【推荐3】You know that sitting on your behind all day is bad for your health. But recent research brings some good news for those of us whose work demands that we stay parked at a desk: Your daily exercise protects your brain, even if you’re otherwise sedentary (久坐的).

That’s because it helps keep your brain’s cortex (大脑皮层) thick and healthy. With age, the cortex naturally thins, a process known as cortical thinning, which has been connected with age-related cognitive decline (认知下降).

To find out, a group of scientists from British Columbia measured the activity levels, sedentary behavior, and cortical thickness of 30 adults, with the average age of 61, who had taken part in another study on increasing exercise and reducing sedentary time among adults with disease of the knees. The researchers tracked (追踪) the participants' exercise and sedentary time using health trackers for seven days. The group got an average of 70 minutes of gentle to energetic physical activity each day, and they spent nearly 12 hours a day doing nothing fiercer than reading a book or surfing the web outside of their daily exercise. When the researchers researched the data, they found that high levels of physical activity were connected with greater cortical thickness, especially in the frontal areas, no matter how long their sedentary time is. There was no link between less thickness and thinning with greater amounts of sedentary behavior outside of exercise.

Keeping your cortex thick with regular exercise can help you fend off brain disease. According to the study, meeting the present exercise guidelines of at least 150 minutes a week-less than a half hour a day-of moderate (适度的) to active exercise reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease by up to 38 percent. Running at a 10-minutes-per-mile pace has a value of 9.8 METs, meaning it forces you to use about 10 times the oxygen than you do at rest. So even those easy runs can help you keep a healthy brain.

【推荐1】China's pandemic(流行病) — hit tourism sector breathed a sigh of relief as people got back to travelling during the eight-day holiday on account of the country's National Day and Mid- Autumn Festival.

A total of 637 million trips were made across China during the eight-day holiday, 79 percent of last year's number, according to data released by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism on Thursday.

Revenue from tourism hit 466.56 billion yuan (around $68.71 billion), 69.9 percent of the same period last year.

The country's transportation hubs witnessed a surge (激增) in return trips on Thursday as the eight-day holiday drew to a close. 1,234 additional trains were put into operation to handle the peak in trips involving tourism and family visits, according to the China State Railway Group Co., Ltd.

The daily train trips had exceeded 10 million for eight consecutive days by Wednesday, the railway operator said.

In a bid to cope with the surging passenger flow, airliners used wide-body aircraft for r 30 popular routes connecting Xi'an, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Hangzhou.

The country's transport sector maintained stable and orderly operation during the extended holiday, said the Ministry of Transport.

China celebrates its National Day on October 1, and the week-long holiday this year has been extended to October 8 as it overlapped with the Mid-Autumn Festival, a traditional festival symbolizing family reunion that falls on the 15th day of the eighth month on the lunar calendar.

【推荐3】Fulton’s dog named Lucy got to pick out her own toy at the store, and Fulton says Lucy has been known to pick very large stuffed animals. In the video, Lucy picked up a Lambchop toy about twice her size and carried it out of the store with unbelievable determination.

She carried that toy right out of the door of the pet store while Fulton filmed every moment. When Fulton posted the video on her Facebook page, she wasn’t expecting to receive such a strong response (反应).

Since posting, Lucy’s video has been viewed over 21 million times and caused more than 49,000 comments. Fulton wrote on her Facebook, “This is not the first shopping trip for Lucy. We don’t do this on a regular basis but occasionally! The more she has shopped, the bigger the toy gets and the bigger the toy gets, the higher the price! But her papa didn’t say a word about how much the one she picked out was. YES, she is spoiled (宠坏的).”

She continued, “We want to thank everyone that has viewed, liked, shared and commented about the video I posted about our Lucy during her shopping trip for a new toy! This happened while we were on vacation in Daytona Beach, Florida. Our kids told us that the video had got around rapidly. It is amazing.”

Fulton was truly shocked at how much attention Lucy’s vedio received since she is used to posting pictures and video of Lucy on her Facebook all the time.

“It’s amazing to see that a video of a precious little dog can bring so many smiles and laughter for peopole,” says Fulton, who is retired from the Henderson County Schools in Kentucky. “I am receiving so many nice comments from people all over the world.”