【推荐1】Throughout history, people have always been surprised at the intelligence of some birds. Crows(乌鸦)are such an example. Crows’ brain is only about the size of a human thumb, so how smart could they be?

While a crow’s brain may seem small compared with a human brain, what matters is the size of the brain in relation to the size of the animal. According to Professor John Marzluff at the University of Washington’s Aviation Conservation Lab, a crow is actually a flying monkey. Whether it is a friendly monkey or more like a bad one in The Wizard of Oz depends a lot on what you have done to it(or any of its friends).

Can you tell one crow from another? In this way, a crow may be smarter than you because it can recognize human faces. Marzluff’s team caught some crows, made marks on them and released them. Members of the team wore different masks. Crows would attack people wearing a mask, but only if the mask had been worn by someone who had troubled them.

If you think two crows that are watching you and crying to each other are talking about you, you are probably right. In Marzluff’s study, even crows that were never caught attacked scientists. How did the crows describe their attackers to other crows? Their communication is poorly understood. The intensity(强度), rhythm, and lasting time of crying seem to form the basis of a possible language. It turns out that crows can pass on anger to their children-even the little crows attacked masked scientists.

Another case about crows’ great memory comes from Chatham, Ontarrio. Around half a million crows would stop in Chatham during their regular travel, putting the farming community’s crops in danger. Head of the town declared war(宣战)on crows and the hunt began. Since then, the crows have, when passing Chatham, flown high enough to avoid being shot. However, this didn’t stop them from leaving droppings all over the town.

1. Why does Professor John Marzluff call a crow a flying monkey?

A．Because it looks like a monkey.	B．Because it is as friendly as a monkey.
C．Because it is as intelligent as a monkey.	D．Because its brain is the same size as a monkey’s.

2. According to Paragraph 3, the crows attacked people wearing a mask who __________.

A．had caused some trouble to them	B．were in Marzluff’s team
C．worked on scientific study	D．had done harm to their babies

3. Head of the town declared war on crows because ___________.

A．They would damage the crops.	B．They would make much noise.
C．They would attack people in the town.	D．They would leave droppings all over the town.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Crows never forget.	B．Crows’ communication.
C．Crows’ brain development.	D．Crows are smarter than we have imagined.

【推荐3】Drought is an increasing problem in our warming world. All continents have been experiencing more extended periods without rain, leading to forest fires and poor crop growth. Consequently, people are looking at cloud seeding to solve the problem — a method of encouraging precipitation (降水) by sending small particles of certain chemicals into clouds.

Cloud-seeding expert Arlen Huggins has been studying its effectiveness. “My earliest experience was to use cloud seeding to reduce the amount of hail (冰雹) in northeast Colorado. We didn’t have any luck with that, but we had success later on in increasing snowfall in Utah. Now, the focus is shifting towards increasing rainfall from summer clouds, which is far more unpredictable.” said he.

The problem is that it’s pretty hard to know whether precipitation resulted directly from cloud seeding. It might have rained or snowed anyway. Even if you practice cloud seeding in one place and don’t in another, it’s impossible to know for sure what caused the precipitation. “As cloud seeding is expensive and its effectiveness uncertain, its usefulness is still a matter of opinion,” says Katja Friedrich, a researcher of University of Colorado.

Additionally, it’s not during foggy and snowy conditions that people think of increasing the chance of rainfall. When a country is hit by drought, then cloud seeding isn’t an option due to the lack of clouds. During drought, skies tend to be clear with few clouds. The best option to prevent drought is to seed at times of the year when rainfall levels are normal or higher.

There are also environmental issues regarding the impact of cloud seeding. At high levels, the chemicals sent into the clouds can harm humans and other animals, and some studies have found them slightly poisonous. Apart from that, some environmentalists are concerned about the long-term impacts, as there isn’t data on how much those chemicals accumulate in the environment over 10 years.

1. What is the purpose of cloud seeding?

A．To increase grain output.

B．To slow down global warming.

C．To reduce chemicals in the air.

D．To deal with dry and rain-free weather.

2. How is Arlen Huggins’ earliest experience in Paragraph 2?

A．It’s effective.	B．It’s unsuccessful.
C．It’s satisfying.	D．It’s fruitful.

3. What is Katja Friedrich’s attitude towards cloud seeding?

A．Favourable.	B．Opposed.
C．Unclear.	D．Doubtful.

4. What can be inferred from the text?

A．Drought currently poses the only t hreat to forests and crops.

B．Rainmaking in any weather will come true in the near future.

C．Researchers now can not tell if rainfall is brought by cloud seeding.

D．Chemicals sent into the clouds will become less poisonous over time.

【推荐1】To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. It was first used as a shade against the sun.

Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C.

We know that the umbrella was also used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use; it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office.

In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans.

During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in 16^th century. And again it became a symbol of power and authority.

Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight.It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made in a variety of colors.

1. The first use of umbrella was as _______.

A．protection against rain	B．a shade against the sun
C．a symbol of power	D．a symbol of honor

2. The umbrella was used only by royal people or those in high office _______.

A．in European in the eighteenth century

B．in ancient Egypt and Babylon

C．in the Far East in ancient times

D．during the Middle Ages

3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．Women enjoy using umbrella with varies kinds of colors

B．The inventor of the umbrella is unknown

C．Once ordinary people had no right to use umbrellas

D．Umbrellas were popular and cheap in the ancient times

4. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?

A．When Was the Umbrella Invented

B．The Role of Umbrella in History

C．The Colors and Shapes of Umbrella

D．Who Needed Umbrella First

【推荐2】As the oldest university in the English-speaking world, Oxford is a unique and historic institution. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. From 1878, academic halls were established for women and they were admitted to full membership of the University in 1920. Five all-male colleges first admitted women in 1974. St Hilda's College, which was originally for women only, was the last of Oxford’s single sex colleges. It has admitted both men and women since 2008.
By 1200, the town of Cambridge had at least one school of some distinction. Then, in 1209, some scholars settled there. By 1226 the scholars were numerous enough to have set up an organisation, and seem to have arranged regular courses of study, taught by their own members. From the start there was conflict between the town and the students. Students, usually aged about fourteen or fifteen, often caused disturbances; citizens of the town, on the other hand, were known to overcharge for rooms and food. King Henry III took the scholars under his protection as early as 1231 and arranged for them to be sheltered from exploitation by their landlords.
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1861 in response to the increasing industrialization of the United States, MIT adopted a European university model and stressed laboratory instruction in applied science and engineering. The current 168-acre campus opened in 1916 and extends over 1 mile (1.6 km) along the northern bank of the Charles River basin.
On April 29, 1911, Tsinghua Xuetang began its first term of study, and from that year on, the Tsinghua’s anniversary has fallen on the last Sunday of April. Following the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan in 1937, Tsinghua University, Peking University and Nankai University combined to form the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming. After the war, Tsinghua University moved back to its original Beijing campus.
1. The University of Oxford did not take in female students until ______.

A．2008

B．1878

C．1920

D．1974

2. When the University of Cambridge was set up, ______.

A．there were too many scholars

B．students were mostly adults

C．King Henry III gave much help

D．the town people were very friendly

3. The reason for founding MIT is ______.

A．to meet the need of American industrialization

B．to take advantage of the European university style

C．to cover an extended area along the Charles River

D．to stress research and education in the physical sciences

4. Which of the four universities was once moved to another place in history?

A．Oxford.	B．Cambridge.
C．MIT.	D．Tsinghua.

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to this passage?

A．Henry III banned students attending the University of Paris.

B．The landlords of Cambridge asked for too much money.

C．MIT covers a very large area of land.

D．Tsingua, Peking and Nankai once joined together.

【推荐3】For two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many prominent figures, from world leaders to scientists to comedians.

On Nov 21, the Cambridge Union hosted its first-ever non-human guest. Designed by IBM, Project Debater is a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to form a spoken argument. It can even listen and answer to opposing statements, much like a real person.

Speaking with a voice similar to Siri, Project Debater uses AI to search journals, newspapers and other information sources. It then filters out(过滤) useless information, picks the strongest arguments, and arranges them into a persuasive argument.

“In the Cambridge test debate, it argued the topic: AI will ultimately do more harm than good. According to IBM, it is the first machine that can debate complicated topics with humans.

Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives of AI were submitted to the IBM website. The machine then analyzed these sources and formed the basis of its arguments in minutes. Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing for both sides of the debate.

Over a four-minute speech, it argued first that, “AI can only make decisions that it has been programmed to solve, while humans can be programmed for all plots, possible events.”

In support of AI, it then argued that AI would create new jobs and “bring a lot more efficiency” to the workplace.

This isn’t the first test for Project Debater. In June 2018, the machine went back-and-forth for 20 minutes against champion debater Harish Natarajan.

According to New Scientist, on both occasions, Project Debater repeated points and didn’t always sufficiently support them.

Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project’s lead engineer, said, “The AI is not perfect, but it’s going in the right direction.” The team hopes to improve the AI by researching why humans find certain arguments more persuasive than others.

1. In which way does Project Debater behave like a real person?

A．It can listen and answer to opposing statements.

B．It can speak with a voice similar to Siri.

C．It can create various useful sources.

D．It can deal with any situation.

2. What were prepared for the machine before the Cambridge test debate?

A．Analyzed sources.

B．Useless messages.

C．Materials for arguments.

D．Items about human debaters.

3. We can infer from the text that _________.

A．AI did better than humans in arguments

B．the machine had rich ideas to support its points

C．the machine beat Harish Natarajan in the first test

D．AI needs more persuasive arguments in debates

4. What is Noam Slonim’s attitude to the AI ?

A．Supportive.	B．Unconfident.
C．Negative.	D．Indifferent.

【推荐1】Although Bertha Young was thirty she still had moments like this when she wanted to run instead of walk, to take dancing steps on and off the pavement, to throw something up in the air and catch it again, or to stand still and laugh at — nothing — at nothing, simply.

What can you do if you are thirty and, turning the corner of your own street, you are overcome, suddenly by a feeling of happiness — absolute happiness.

Oh, is there no way you can express it without being “drunk and disorderly”? How stupid civilization is! Why should you be given a body if you have to keep it shut up in a case like a rare, rare fiddle(小提琴)?

“No, that about the fiddle is not quite what I mean,” she thought, running up the steps and feeling in her bag for the key — she’d forgotten it, as usual — and rattling the letter-box. “It’s not what I mean, because — Thank you, Mary” — she went into the hall. “Is nurse back?”

“Yes, M’m.”

“I’ll go upstairs.” And she ran upstairs to the nursery.

Nurse sat at a low table giving Little B her supper after her bath. The baby looked up when she saw her mother and began to jump.

“Now, my lovey, eat it up like a good girl,” said nurse, setting her lips in a way that Bertha knew, and that meant she had come into the nursery at another wrong moment.

“Has she been good, Nanny?”

“She’s been a little sweet all the afternoon,” whispered Nanny. “We went to the park and I sat down on a chair and took her out of the pram (婴儿车) and a big dog came along and she pulled its ear. Oh, you should have seen her.”

Bertha wanted to ask if it wasn’t rather dangerous to let her pull a strange dog’s ear. But she did not dare to. She stood watching them, her hands by her side, like the poor little girl in front of the rich girl with the doll.

The baby looked up at her again, stared, and then smiled so charmingly that Bertha couldn’t help crying.

“Oh, Nanny, do let me finish giving her supper while you put the bath things away.

“Well, M’m, she oughtn’t to be changed hands while she’s eating,” said Nanny, still whispering. “It unsettles her, it’s very likely to upset her.”

How absurd it was. Why have a baby if it has to be kept—not in a case like a rare, rare fiddle — but in another woman’s arms?

“Oh, I must!” said she.

Very offended, Nanny handed her over.

“Now, don’t excite her after her supper. You know you do, M’m. And I have such a time with her after!”

Thank heaven! Nanny went out of the room with the bath towels.

“Now I’ve got you to myself, my little precious,” said Bertha, as the baby learned against her.

She ate delightfully, holding up her lips for the spoon and then waving her hands. Sometimes she wouldn’t let the spoon go; and sometimes just as Bertha had filled it, she waved it away to the four winds.

When the soup was finished Bertha turned round to the fire. “You’re nice — you’re very nice!” said she, kissing her warm baby. “I’m fond of you. I like you.”

And indeed, she loved Little B so much — her neck as she bent forward, her pretty toes as they shone transparent in the firelight — that all her feeling of happiness came back again, and again she didn’t know how to express it — what to do with it.

“You’re wanted on the telephone,” said Nanny, coming back in victory and seizing her Little B.

1. In paragraph 3 and 15, a “rare, rare fiddle” is used to show that ________.

A．Bertha is frustrated by not feeling free to express her musical talents

B．wealthy mothers are not allowed to look after their children

C．Bertha considers her baby girl an extraordinary child

D．people of a certain age are expected to follow a certain code of behavior

2. Nanny’s facial expression on seeing Bertha’s arrival in the nursery suggest ________.

A．a vain attempt to hide her joy at seeing Bertha

B．fear of dismissal from her job for untidy nursery

C．dislike for Bertha’s ill-timed visits to the nursery

D．a relief as she can at last eat her supper

3. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 11 imply?

A．Bertha wishes to have care-giving time with her baby.

B．Bertha lacks emotional and psychological strength.

C．Bertha desires a closer relationship with Nanny.

D．Bertha suffers from an unrealistic hope of having more babies.

4. Which of the following best describes the relationship between Bertha and Nanny?

A．Bertha feels that Nanny is a competent nurse and will do anything liberate her from chores.

B．Nanny considers herself the baby’s primary caregiver and Bertha just an occasional visitor.

C．Bertha prefers to leave the child in Nanny’s care so that she can fulfill her inappropriate fantasies.

D．Nanny is tired of working hard for Bertha and would like to find other pleasant employment.

5. In Nanny’s eyes, what was Bertha like?

A．She is a kind employer but a strict mother.

B．She is a thoughtless person and inexperienced mother.

C．She is excited and is always lost in her overactive imagination.

D．She is forgetful and has no sense of class distinctions in society.

6. Which of the following sentences best describes Nanny’s possessiveness (占有欲)?

A．“She’s been a little sweet all the afternoon,” whispered Nanny. “...Oh. you should have seen her.”

B．“Now, my lovey, eat it up like a good girl,” said nurse, setting her lips in a way that Bertha knew.

C．“Now, don’t excite her after her supper. You know you do, M’m. And I have such a time with her after!”

D．“You’re wanted on the telephone,” said Nanny, coming back in victory and seizing her Little B.

【推荐2】Vacation deals online

SunBridge vacations

Booking with SunBridge gives you the SunBridge Advantage. This means one simple price covers everything. Unlike other websites, we don’t fool you with a low price for airfare, then sneak (偷偷地做) in charges for hotel, rental cars, and food until you’re paying more than you wanted. Our price is all inclusive and can’t be beat!

The SunBridge Advantage also includes our SunBridge Resort Ambassadors. Two of our friendly, helpful staff members will meet you at the airport and take you to your hotel.

Punta Senca Resort

Punta Senca Resort features one of the finest Caribbean beaches. The facilities include garden areas with quiet relaxation spaces and over two miles of paths for walking and jogging. The beauty of the garden spaces is improved by thousands of tropical flowers, native sculpture, and three spectacular fountains.

Punta Senca is one of our most family-friendly resorts (度假胜地). One option any family should consider is our Family Package, in which up to two children under ten years old stay and eat free. We know you love your family, but we also know that sometimes different family members prefer different activities. While Mom and Dad are cared for in our Spa and Wellness Center, our friendly staff can help the kids explore the island through a variety of activities, including horseback riding, sailing lessons, and bike trips.

Punta Senca also features a variety of restaurants offering exciting dining experiences. We have a steakhouse, a bakery and coffee shop, a home-style Italian restaurant, a seafood restaurant serving fresh-caught fish from local fishermen, and a casual bar and grill for dining on the beach.

Guest review

Sara P. 06/23/2019

My family and I went to Punta Senca for a week and it was fine. But just that — fine. I really was expecting something a little more special. For example, I was shocked to find the different restaurant options weren’t all open every night of the week. Most nights, only two or three of the restaurants were open. And I really was unimpressed by the food.

1. What is the main benefit of the SunBridge Advantage?

A．A relatively low total price.	B．A small hotel charge.
C．A discount on food.	D．A low airfare.

2. How does Punta Senca Resort help families have fun?

A．It provides special food for children.

B．It has different recreation options.

C．It has playground equipment.

D．It offers group transportation.

3. How would Sara P. likely describe her experience?

A．Unremarkable.	B．Unpleasant.
C．Rewarding.	D．Indescribable.

【推荐3】Every new parent knows that rocking can calm that uneasy baby when it's time to take a nap. But the benefits of gentle movement may go beyond the baby stage. Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night's sleep.

What should be no surprise is that movement can calm someone. Think of how many times you've fallen asleep on a train. But can motion really cause a nap, and make for a deeper sleep?

To find out, researchers invited 18 healthy volunteers for a sleepover. “So they came to the lab and slept one time on the motionless, normal bed. And one night where they got rocked.” said Aurore Perrault, a sleep researcher at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. “And what we find is that when compared to a motionless night, a whole night of rocking sleep has a beneficial effect not only on sleep beginning but also on sleep continuity.” Subjects who were rocked also did better on a memory test the next morning than the stiller sleepers.

In the second study, Kompotis, a student at the University of Lausanne, rocked a rack of mice. Whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed. So the main questions for our study were whether rocking affects sleep in mice and what is the possible system?"

Kompotis placed the mouse cages on a platform that moved from side to side. Though mice were rocked four times faster than their human counterparts-a frequency of one back-and-forth per second, or 1 Hertz, worked best-the results were strikingly similar. During rocking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition. However, additional studies could allow the researchers to identify a new aim for treating sleep disorders, including insomnia(失眠).

Until then, you might think about adding a little swing to your nighttime routine.

1. What’s the purpose of the second study in the passage?

A．To do research on the sleep system of other species.

B．To discuss in which case rocking affects baby’s sleep.

C．To see whether rocking affects sleep of other species.

D．To study the influence of rocking on sleep disorders .

2. What do we know about the mice in Paragraph 5?

A．Their sleeping time increased when rocked at 1 Hertz.

B．Their sleep disorder including insomnia was treated.

C．When rocked, they fell asleep twice faster than at still condition.

D．When rocked, they worked faster than their human counterparts.

3. How did the researchers carry out the experiment?

A．By conducting a survey	B．By asking questions
C．By filling out questionnaires	D．By making comparisons

4. What’s the best title of the passage?

A．Rocking Helps Grown-ups Sleep Too.	B．Deep Sleep Needs the Constant Swing.
C．Rocking Greatly Affects Deep Sleep.	D．Rocking Can Treat Sleep Disorders.

【推荐1】The Illinois Department of Natural Resources is returning a fish called the alligator gar to the state's rivers. Some people call the fish a “living fossil." Experts believe the fish first appeared during the Early Cretaceous period more than 100 million years ago.

Randy Sauer is an Illinois state fisheries biologist. He says the fish disappeared from the state's rivers in the 1990s, although they have continued to do well in southern states. Sauer says biologists want to bring the fish back to northern rivers "because it is important to have top predators （捕食者）to balance the species below them," he said.

Sport fishermen like to try to catch the alligator gar. Alligator gar are the second-largest freshwater fish in North America. They can grow as large as 2,7 meters and weigh more than 136 kilograms. Sauer says their large size is one reason they disappeared in the 1990s. Experts say alligator gars are '"opportunistic feeders." This means they will eat almost anything — including small turtles or ducks. They also eat invasive species such as Asian silver carp. Sauer hopes the reintroduction of the alligator gar will help the state's efforts to control the carp. Because alligator gar can live up to 60 years, the program will continue to increase for many years.

Sauer notes that female alligator gars do "not sexually mature until 11 years, and the male not till 6 or 7 years' That means the biologists will try to raise and release a lot offish early in the program to reintroduce them. “We're probably going to stock （储备）more heavily than 10 or 20 years down the road when hopefulIy these fish will find each other and start doing the job on their own." Sauer says.

Small devices have been placed in 7,000 of the fish so they can be observed after they are released into the waterways of Illinois. As it rains and floods, biologists expect some of the fish will follow the rivers into the states of Louisiana and Texas.

1. Why people call the alligator gar “living fossil"?

A．They have existed for over 100 million years.

B．They can grow up to 136 kilograms.

C．Their fossil can be found on earth.

D．They can grow up to 2.7 meters.

2. Biologists will reintroduce the alligator gar to northern rivers in order to_______ .

A．increase the number of the alligar gar

B．help people make more money

C．help to protect the environment

D．keep the species' balance

3. According to Randy Sauer, alligar gar died out in northern rivers because ________.

A．they ate almost anything

B．they were very huge in size

C．the rivers were polluted then

D．they were caught by sport fishermen

4. What can we learn from the underlined statement?

A．10 or 20 years will be needed to find these fish.

B．It will be decades before these fish produce young.

C．There is a long way to go before the fish find each other

D．These fish can find each other themselves along the waterways.

【推荐2】The Harvard Pre-College Program is a nice experience for high school students. Alongside peers(同辈)from around the world, you’ll be introduced to college life as you attend classes, live on campus, and enjoy fun outings and activities.

◆Learning without limits

Biology, physics, law, writing and philosophy — these are just a few of the 30-plus courses you can choose from in each session. In our noncredit classes, we set aside grades so that you can fully commit to your growth as a well-rounded student. Class sizes typically range from 14 to 18 students to encourage interactive learning.

◆Living at Harvard

When you attend the Pre-College Program, you’ll live in a historic undergraduate house, near Harvard Square. You will be with your fellow Pre-College students, resident directors, and proctors who provide support. You’ll also enjoy meals in one of Harvard’s dining halls, which are a short walk from Harvard Yard and provide many options for a variety of dietary needs.

◆Thriving outside the classroom

The summer Pre-College Program offers many mentally challenging co-curricular(补充课程的)activities beyond the classroom. With faculty and Harvard-affiliated experts, you will have the opportunity to participate in workshops on topics like the psychology of color-blindness, classic literature from around the world and science of happiness. From our Cambridge scavenger hunt to a trip to the Sand Sculpting Festival at America’s first public beach, there’s no shortage of fun activities in the Pre-College Program.

1. What do we know about the 30-plus courses?

A．You can only choose five of them.

B．They provide credits for students.

C．You should set aside other subjects.

D．They assist your full development.

2. Where can you enjoy meals during the program?

A．Near Harvard Square.	B．Close to Harvard Yard.
C．In one of the workshops.	D．In an undergraduate house.

3. What is the purpose of the passage?

A．To advertise meals.	B．To comment on an activity.
C．To introduce a program.	D．To recommend courses.

【推荐3】When we are young we are taught that it’s wrong to lie and we should always tell the truth. Unfortunately, most children lie even if they’re told not to. Research carried out at the Institute of Child Study at Toronto Univercity has shown that this might not be such a bad thing. Apparently (显然地), children who tell lies when they’re two years old have a good chance of becoming successful adults (成年人).

According to the research, at the age of two, 20 per cent of children lie. At the age of three, 50 per cent lie, and at four almost 90 per cent lie. By the age of 12 almost every child tells lies.

Lying needs much brain work, and the better the lie is, the more work the brain has to do. By training the brain early, researchers believe children will be able to think more clearly when they are adults.

Recent research, carried out by the Science Museum in London, has shown some interesting facts about the way we lie as adults. According to the research, the average British man tells three lies every day; that’s over 1,000 lies a year. However, the average woman apparently only lies twice a day.

Most people think women are better liars (说谎者) than men although in fact they tell fewer lies. Popular women’s lies include ‘Nothing’s wrong, I’m fine’, ‘I don’t know where it is, I haven’t touched it’, and ‘It wasn’t that expensive’.

Some people say you can lie as long as it’s a white lie. A white lie is a lie told to avoid hurting someone’s feelings. One of the most common lies for both men and women is ‘It’s just what I’ve always wanted’, said after opening a present from their partner.

1. What will happen to young children who lie?

A．They will possibly do wrong later.

B．They’re likely to succeed in the future.

C．They will keep lying when they grow up.

D．They may have a good chance of losing others’ trust.

2. What do the numbers in Para. 2 show about children?

A．Older children tell bigger lies than younger ones.

B．As they grow, they often lie about their age.

C．The older they are, the more likely they lie.

D．It’s quite natural for them to tell lies.

3. What did the research by the Science Museum find out?

A．Men lie more than women.	B．Women are better liars than men.
C．Women’s lies are usually not serious.	D．Men sometimes have to lie to women.

4. What’s the true feeling behind the underlined part in the last paragraph?

A．You know me so well.	B．I don’t like the present.
C．You are good at picking presents.	D．I haven’t received a present I really like.