As April 23 marks World Book Day, it’s time to put aside your smart phone and open a book. Cheaper and lighter, digital books have become many people’s choices in the present day. Yet the touch and smell of a paper copy can be irreplaceable.
For lovers of paper books, a nice, strong bag is a must-have. Among the ways to carry books in ancient China, there was a kind of bamboo box. Xuan Zang, a noted Buddhist monk from the Tang Dynasty（618-907）, carried such a box during his journey to India. Similar box to carry books also appeared in the 1987 film, A Chinese Ghost Story, a remake of the 1960 original movie with the same title.
Compared to the ancients, modern people have more choices to carry books. School bags that look like suitcases are pretty popular among elementary school students in China. If you see a little girl pulling a bright pink suitcase on the street in the morning, don’t be misled by her bag. She is not going on vacation alone；she is just on her way to school. Such a school bag seems a bit of an exaggeration（夸张）, yet can ease the burden on young children’s shoulders from carrying heavy text books.
Bags for adults to carry books are of various sorts, and some are even like a book itself. French designer Olympia Le-Tan created a series of clutch bags（女式手提包）that have the very look of classic book facsimiles（复制品）in 2009. The clutches won the love of many celebrities and fashion pioneers, appearing on the red carpet and high street. And jane bags by Gabriela Hearst shone at the 2018 autumn winter fashion shows. The special shape of the new designs was inspired by the pages of an open book. Despite the colorful bags, the books in them are more important.
1. What do we know about paper books?| A．They are inexpensive. | B．They are easy to carry. |
| C．They are not out of date. | D．They are replaced by digital books. |
| A．In order of time. | B．By listing figures. |
| C．By giving examples. | D．By making comparisons. |
| A．They save more space. | B．They contain more books. |
| C．They are suitable for vacation. | D．They decrease shoulder’s burden. |
| A．Content matters more than form. | B．Some books are to be tasted. |
| C．Two heads are better than one. | D．Rome was not built in a day. |
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In order to fit in and make friends in a new school, Amanda observed how her classmates behaved and interacted with each other. Gradually, she perfectly adopted the mannerisms of the classmates around her, laughing at their jokes, nodding in agreement with their opinions, hiding herself into someone she thought others wanted her to be. We’ve all done these. This is social masking, the process of holding back or hiding our natural way of interacting with others so we can feel accepted.
In a world that often tells us to just be ourselves, you might wonder why many of us rely on social masking. “Social masking happens because we as a species want to be included,” says psychologist Dipti Tait. “It’s a tribal (群体的) thing of being together rather than being on our own. We all have certain masks to protect ourselves from exposure and difference.” While masking can help us deal with social situations, it can also come with negative consequences. Hiding our behaviours and interests constantly can lead to a strong feeling of separation, disconnection, and internal conflict. As a result, we may experience a heightened and increased possibility of developing depression as westruggle to understand social situations and signs that others take for granted.
Fortunately, a mask is not our own skin. We may feel extremely tired after social engagements and want to spend time alone in order to feel like ourselves. “The goal is to feel safe enough to remove the mask,” says Tait. “It’s crucial for individuals to receive acceptance and support for who they are, rather than feeling like they need to hide their true selves in order to fit in.”
1. What is social masking?2. Why do many of us rely on social masking?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When people struggle to understand social situations that others consider normal, they will feel less depressed.
4. In addition to masking, what else can you do to fit in when you are in a new environment? (In about 40 words)
It may sound risky, but many teens stay within their own social circles to find rides, and don’t branch out beyond friends of friends when asking on Twitter. For me, I only rideshare with people I know, but to some young people, especially those taking longer trips, stranger danger is less of a concern.
The sharing economy got big during the recession（经济衰退）. It allows people to access more goods and services using technology, while also allowing them to share cost. And that technology, for me, is what the car was for my mom, a gateway to more freedom.
According to the researchers at the University of Michigan, 30 years ago, eight in ten American 18-year-olds had a driver’s license. Today it’s six in ten. So it’s not that surprising that on my 16th birthday I wasn’t rushing to get a license. All I wanted was an iPhone. Juliet Schor (Sociology professor at Boston College) knows people my age love being connected and for young people driving means they have to disconnect from their technology, and that’s a negative. So if they could sit in the passenger side and still be connected, that’s going to be a plus.
To me, another plus is ridesharing represents something much bigger than trying to save money. I see it as evidence that people still depend on each other. My generation shares their cars and apartments the way neighbors used to share cups of sugar. For the system to work, some of us still need our own cars. But until I get my own version of the silver Super Beetle, you can find me on Twitter.
1. The writer usually rideshares with _____.
| A．anyone heading the same way | B．people he knows |
| C．friends of friends | D．strangers of his age |
| A．driving means offering free rides to others. |
| B．getting a driving license becomes more difficult. |
| C．driving one’s own cars causes a negative impression. |
| D．driving makes them disconnected from technology. |
| A．the writer rideshares just to save money |
| B．people under 18 are not allowed to drive |
| C．silver Super Beetle is the writer’s favorite |
| D．the older generation had to fight for freedom |
| A．Teens use Twitter to thumb rides. |
| B．Tips on reducing risks in ridesharing. |
| C．Car is no longer a gateway to freedom. |
| D．New generation knows how to save money. |
【推荐3】Working without going to work? Yeye, a project manager and online English teacher, has been traveling around the world without giving up her job, reported Global Times. Traveling from Yunnan to Zhejiang and Hainan while working remotely via a laptop since 2020, she is one of the many so-called “digital nomads”(数字游民).
Digital nomads are people who are location-independent and use technology to perform their jobs while living a nomadic lifestyle, according to Investopedia, an information source platform for financial content. Digital nomads work remotely as they travel around, telecommuting rather than being physically present at a company office.
The number of digital nomads has increased strongly in the past few years. A 2021 report stated that in the US the number of digital nomads increased by 112 percent from 7.3 million in 2019 to 15.5 million in 2021. Hu Jiayin, an assistant professor at the National School of Development at Peking University, said in a speech that “nearly 80 percent of job hunters of Zhaopin, a job seeking platform, long to become digital nomads”.
The COVID-19 pandemic is another new reason for the rising popularity of becoming a digital nomad worldwide, noted Investopedia. During the pandemic, remote work is largely admitted by companies as being useful, making them increasingly aware that the necessary work can still be done smoothly without having workers at the office. Besides, working remotely is indeed a good way to reduce the risk of being infected whenever there are confirmed cases nearby. As long as conditions allow for it, digital nomads may also travel as they work.
The digital nomad lifestyle also suits the young generation’s pursuit of freedom, according to Hu. “Young people born in the 2000s long for freedom as well as stability,” she said. A job with no on-site requirement is therefore attractive to them. With a laptop, digital nomads can work anywhere they want. Traveling, bathing, or lying in bed can happen at the same time as working, Hu said.
1. Who is a digital nomad?| A．A programmer working for a digital company. |
| B．An engineer working remotely through the internet. |
| C．A journalist who travels after finishing his work. |
| D．A school teacher online classes during lockdown. |
| A．To describe what is required to be a digital nomad. |
| B．To present the impact of the digital nomad lifestyle. |
| C．To explain what promotes the digital nomad lifestyle. |
| D．To show the popularity of the digital nomad lifestyle. |
| A．A way to improve work efficiency. |
| B．The pandemic has totally changed the way people work. |
| C．The advantages and disadvantages of a digital nomad. |
| D．The pandemic has made the digital nomad lifestyle more popular. |
| A．They value freedom and stability. |
| B．They love to have fun while working. |
| C．They like to get a taste of something new. |
| D．They are unwilling to be away from home. |
【推荐1】Except our sun, the lights we see in the sky are all stars light—years from Earth. It’s impossible to know how many stars exist, but astronomers think that in our Milky Way alone, there are about 300 billion.
All normal stars’ birth takes place inside H2-based gas and dust clouds. Over the course of thousands of years, gravity causes the clouds to shrink until they collapse (坍塌) under their own weight. It is the stars’ first stage of birth. As the clouds get smaller and smaller, they turn around faster and faster, increasing pressure creates rising temperatures inside the gas and dust clouds. And during this time, the stars enter what is known as the relatively brief T-stage that usually lasts millions of years.
When the temperature inside the clouds climbs to about 15 million degrees Celsius, nuclear fusion (核聚变) starts and they enter the next stage of life, known as main sequence. Stars spend 90 percent of their lives in their main sequence phase. Most of the stars, including the sun, are main-sequence stars. They exist in a state of nuclear fusion. This process sends out a huge amount of energy, keeping the star hot and shining brightly. This stage may take billions of years. For example, Earth’s sun is now around 4. 6 billion years old, and it will remain in its main sequence stage for several billion more years.
But there are different ways a star’s life can end, depending on how massive the star is. Less massive stars just burn out. But massive stars die with a Big Bang. While the massive stars may appear to get bigger and bigger on the outside, the matter inside will eventually become so dense (密集的) that they explode. Some of the remains may become neutron (中子) stars or even black holes if they are massive enough.
1. What do the underlined word “shrink” in paragraph 2 mean?| A．To become bigger and bigger. | B．To get smaller and smaller. |
| C．To grow heavier and heavier. | D．To turn hotter and hotter. |
| A．It exists in a state of nuclear fusion. |
| B．It has extremely low inside pressure. |
| C．It is the last stage of a star s life circle. |
| D．It is a relatively short period of a star’s life. |
| A．die with a big explosion | B．just burn out and disappear |
| C．usually end up in black holes | D．always grow into neutron stars |
| A．A research paper. | B．A biological magazine. |
| C．A popular science book. | D．An astronomer’s diary. |
【推荐2】Programs that drive the digital experiences today seem to turn to contents that are popular, and they are unable to tell facts from fictions. And due to the fact that anyone can post anything they want online, unconfirmed reports and irresponsible and unchecked contents are common in the online world.
The problem is so common that the British newspaper The Independent has a whole page contributed to news about fake news, along with Mashable’s social media and a growing number of others.
During the past days when most kids used textbooks that had been edited and reviewed responsibly before they were used, the need for students to check their sources was not great. Today, it’s different. Students use the Internet for research, and teachers and parents can’t keep them away from bad contents all the time. And they’re on their own as they get older. They have to master information literacy, the skills of recognizing bad information, identifying good information, and understanding the difference between the two.
There are people and organizations dealing with the problem and developing information for Internet searchers, both adults and children. The website of Encyclopedia Britannica, for example, has provided Internet searchers with extra information at the top right of their results page. The move was intended to make people slow down and think twice before accepting search results as facts.
Fake news is here to stay. We all need to fight. We can start with awareness and a few rules: don’t make the web full of bad information: don’t spread or share information if you aren’t sure about it. And be mindful of how we use information: practice information literacy. And human curiosity is of great importance in this fight against misinformation. Curiosity drives learning and makes people question information. We need everyone to join in researching and questioning for the truth.
1. What problem is described about the online world?| A．We are given too much information. |
| B．Useless results often show up first online. |
| C．The Internet includes much fake information. |
| D．Fake news is spread purposely to attract searchers. |
| A．The need for information literacy. | B．Different generations’ learning style. |
| C．How networks affect today’s students. | D．Why fake contents exist on the Internet. |
| A．It marks the facts. | B．It provides more details. |
| C．It corrects the search results. | D．It alarms searchers if necessary. |
| A．It is hard to clean up all fake news. | B．We can’t speak freely in cyberspace. |
| C．People should be forced to follow the rules. | D．We should keep curious to discover the truth. |
【推荐3】Children who spend more time reading with their parents have a greater chance of becoming better readers than those who don’t. With the help from their parents, children can learn techniques to improve their reading skills.
“A lot of parents think after their child learns to read, they should stop reading to them,” Donna George said. “They are sadly mistaken.”
George offers her services to parents at the Title I Learning Centers. She said reading aloud to children may be the most valuable thing parents can do. “It is better for children to hear things at a higher level than where they are,” George said. “Parents are their child’s first teacher.” Parents help their children build listening, phonics, comprehension and vocabulary skills when they read aloud to them.
Before parents can identify reading problems, they should escape the enemy —television and limit the time their children spend watching television. George suggested not allowing kids to have a TV in their bedrooms, setting a schedule of when kids can watch or keeping a list of how many programs children watch. Louise Joines said while her 14-year-old daughter and 10-year-old son enjoy reading, the television sometimes becomes a distraction. So she tries to build the situation by suggesting books the entire family will enjoy reading together, like the Harry Potter series.
Parents who do not read themselves should not count on their children being interested in it. If parents would read to their children at least 15 minutes every day, children would not have so many problems in school. It is the parents’ job to help build that desire in their children, and of course to know what kind of books to read is also important.
1. According to George, reading aloud to children_______________.| A．helps them correct mistakes |
| B．is helpful to their reading |
| C．is parents’ first duty to their children |
| D．can get children out of television’s attraction |
| A．can improve children’s reading |
| B．can help children’s right way of reading |
| C．can make children interested in reading |
| D．stop children from concentrating on reading |
| A．Reading skills. |
| B．Reading speed. |
| C．Reading materials. |
| D．Reading environment. |
| A．Parents choose reading materials for their children. |
| B．Advice is given to control their children. |
| C．What TV programs children can watch during reading. |
| D．How children improve their reading by themselves. |
【推荐1】Welcome to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex, England. The castle has a history of nearly 1000 years and has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films.
The Gardens
The White Garden is planted with soft white Iceberg Roses, and Snow White Lilies.
The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned English roses that are at their very best in June and July.
The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruit and vegetables, pears, cherries and apples.
The Castle Shop
In the Castle Shop, you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods, china, books, and stationery (文具)are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only.
At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products.
The Arundel Festival 2014
Saturday 16th to Monday 25th August
The annual Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing, diverse and easily accessible arts festivals in the UK, offering a mix of visual arts, music, theatre and street entertainment.
Parking
Coaches and mini-buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance. Please inform us when making your booking of how many parking permits are required.
1. When visiting the castle, you can___.| A．get old-fashioned English roses as gifts | B．see how the local gifts are being made |
| C．get seasonal fruit and vegetables for free | D．buy eco-friendly products in the Castle Shop |
| A．In Mill Road | B．Inside the Castle |
| C．In the main town car park | D．At the main Castle entrance |
| A．10 days | B．One week | C．16 days | D．One month |
【推荐2】Visitors Guide
The Beaches of Fort Myers & Sanibel
Discover the beaches of Fort Myers & Sanibel with the guidebook from Lonely Planet. It’s packed full of information on what to do and see plus advice on the top places to travel around.
Visit or call: formyers-sanibel.com 800-237-6444
Summer Country Tennessee
Take in the history, country music heritage (遗产)and the simplicity of the lake, parks and farms, just minutes from Nashville. After adventures in Summer Country, you’ll feel like you are returning home. FREE Visitors Guide 888-300-7866
Outer Banks of North Carolina
Get your free 2015 travel guide, filled with pages of adventures, festivals, places to eat and stay, today.
Visit or call: outerbanks.org 877-629-4386
Kansas City, Kansas
Find your happy place here in Kansas City, KS: shopping, history, sports, festivals, waterparks, and the arts. We’ll have you smiling from ear to ear. Come On! Get Happy. Ask for a free Visitors Guide at 800-264-1563.
Low Country & Resort Islands, SC
South of Charleston… North of Savannah… Just Near Heaven. Come experience all the wonders of the South Carolina Low Country with your loved ones. For more information, call 800-528-6870 or visit lowcountrysc.com.
1. With the guidebook from Lonely Planet, you can discover ________.| A．beaches | B．music heritage |
| C．farms | D．waterparks |
| A．800-237-6444 | B．800-264-1563 |
| C．800-528-6870 | D．877-629-4386 |
| A．Kansas City | B．North Carolina |
| C．Fort Myers & Sanibel | D．Summer Country |
| A．Those who want to do sports. |
| B．Those who want to go shopping. |
| C．Those who want to take vacations. |
| D．Those who want to celebrate festivals. |
【推荐3】Automatic dishwashers have been around for more than 100 years. It started in 1886 with Josephine Cochrane, a woman in Shelbyville, Illinois. She was a rich woman who could afford servants to wash her dishes, so she really didn’t mind the work. What she did mind was that her servants broke the dishes. She hosted quite a few dinner parties, and after every party the servants broke more of her expensive dishes.
Finally, Cochrane took action. First, she measured her dishes and bent wire into racks to hold them. Next, she put the racks on a wheel in a large copper boiler. Then, the boiler sprayed hot, soapy water on the dishes as a motor turned the wheel. After a hot water rinse(冲洗), the dishes were clean!
Josephine Cochrane’s friends were impressed with the machine and asked her to build more. After that, word got out fast. Soon hotel and restaurant owners who didn’t like broken dishes also were interested. Cochrane then knew that she had a wonderful machine, so she received a patent from the government, which said that only the inventor can make money from an invention. Then in 1893 Chicago held a World’s Fair where inventions from all over the world were shown. Cochrane’s labor-saving machine was a big hit. Her dishwasher won the highest award.
Cochrane’s company came out with a smaller machine in 1914. It was supposed to be for the ordinary home, but it wasn’t an immediate success. Many homes couldn’t produce the extremely hot water it needed. Also, in most homes, dishwashing wasn’t considered very difficult compared to most other housework. In fact some people liked to relax at the sink after a hard day! Sales of the home model finally picked up in the 1950s when people had more money and wanted to have more time to enjoy themselves. Now many homes have electric dishwashers that aren’t very different from the one Josephine Cochrane invented more than 100 years ago.
1. Why did Josephine Cochrane invent the dishwasher?| A．To avoid possible damage to the dishes. |
| B．To reduce the number of servants. |
| C．To host more dinner parties. |
| D．To make the dishes cleaner. |
| A．The machine wasn’t as efficient as described. |
| B．Josephine Cochrane could no longer keep it a secret. |
| C．The invention drew immediate attention of the public. |
| D．Josephine’s friends soon began to talk about the new machine. |
| A．people had more relaxing jobs | B．hot water was not needed |
| C．housework became easier | D．people’s living conditions improved |
【推荐1】Does just thinking about stepping inside a gym make you feel exhausted? If so, here's some good news. One of the world's largest studies on physical activity has found that doing household chores（家务事）can be just as effective as running or working out when it comes to cutting your risk of heart disease and extending your life.
A team of researchers discovered that people enjoyed the same health benefits whether they were going to the gym, walking to work or doing household chores. Indeed, performing 30 minutes of any kind of physical activity five days a week could reduce your risk of dying from any causes by 28% and your rate of heart disease by 20%.
And, again, the positive effects were the same whether someone was working out, walking or doing chores such as mopping the floor or gardening.
“Walking for at least 30 minutes most days of the week has a massive benefit, and high levels of physical activity is associated with even lower risk of illness," lead researcher Scott Lear said about the findings. “By including low and middle-income countries in this study, we were able to determine the benefit of activities such as having an active job or even doing household chores,” Lear said. He noted that 1 in 4 people worldwide do not get 30 minutes of exercise a day, five times a week.
Interestingly enough, the Canadian study found no ceiling on the benefits of exercise and "no risks associated with extremely high levels of physical activity", defined as more than 2,500 minutes, or more than 41 hours per week. Lear said that those who spent more than 750 minutes walking quickly each week lowered their risk of premature death by 36%.
1. What can we infer about the study from paragraph1?| A．Women should do more housework than men. |
| B．Doing housework may help to live long and healthy. |
| C．People with heart disease had better do less housework. |
| D．Doing housework makes people feel less tired than going to gym. |
| A．Sitting long will take the health away. |
| B．The exercises will make life meaningful. |
| C．It's a good idea to walk less than 30 minutes a day. |
| D．High levels of physical activity can reduce disease risk. |
| A．Statistics. | B．Voices. |
| C．Examples. | D．Experiments. |
| A．Exercise Moves for Better Strength and Balance |
| B．Risks From High Levels of Physical Activity |
| C．Household Chores May Be a Secret to Living Longer |
| D．The Two Factors Determine the Benefit of Activities |
【推荐2】A strong coffee after a poor night's sleep is the kick-start many people need in the morning but new research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.
A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control - a risk factor for diabetes （糖尿病）and heart disease.
“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee --- subjectively the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee,“ said Professor James Betts, at the University of Bath in the UK.
For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.
In one, the participants had a normal night's sleep, roughly from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m., and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted night's sleep, where the researchers woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond — and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.
On another night, participants experienced the same sleep interruption, but this time were first given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.
They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and insulin （胰 岛素）responses when compared to the normal night's sleep-- although previous research suggested that losing many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50% — suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.
1. What does the underlined word “kick-start" in paragraph 1 refer to?| A．A kind of sport. | B．A kind of power. |
| C．A kind of medicine. | D．A kind of belief. |
| A．The duration of sleep. | B．The blood sugar response. |
| C．The sugary drink. | D．The intake of coffee. |
| A．A normal sugary drink. |
| B．A normal night's sleep. |
| C．An interrupted night's sleep. |
| D．A cup of strong black coffee. |
| A．By comparing the results. |
| B．By listing some examples. |
| C．By surveying the participants. |
| D．By referring to some documents. |
【推荐3】With the rapid development of intelligent systems and new-age transit networks,life in the big cities will likely be more efficient and comfortable.
After all,more than 60 percent of the world’s population is expected to live in cities by 2050 , according to a UN report. The answer to making these cities more livable for so many people lies in creating “smart” cities. These cities will use 5G networks and the “Internet of things”(IoT) to make everyday life safer and more convenient. Some cities are already using smart technology to improve the lives of residents.
But what exactly does a smart city do? In the United States cities of Boston and Baltimore, smart trash cans can sense how full they are and inform cleaning workers when they need to be emptied. In Amsterdam, the Netherlands, traffic flow and energy usage are monitored and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors(传感器)around the city. And in Copenhagen, Denmark,a smart bike system allows riders to check on air quality and traffic condition as they ride.
Smart cities will be interactive ，allowing their residents to feel like they’ re truly shaping their environment,instead of merely existing in it.“One of the most important reasons to have a smart city is that we can actually communicate with our environment in a way that we never have in the past,”said Mrinalini Ingram,head of a telecom company.
Smart cities will also allow us to save resources. By using sensors and 5G networks to monitor the use of water，gas and electricity,city managers can figure out how to distribute and save these resources more efficiently. Emissions of carbon dioxide and other air pollutants can be more closely monitored in smart cities as well.
Of course,it will take time and money to turn our current cities into the smart cities of the future. But as we’ve already seen, more cities around the world are already adopting smart technology in smart ways. China, for instance,is making investments in big cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou to make them “smarter”. It won’t be long before even more cities start to develop their own smart infrastructure( 基础设施).
1. What calls for the development of smart cities?| A．The rapid progress in 5G networks. |
| B．The marked increase in world population. |
| C．The growing number of residents living in cities. |
| D．The major concern over the safety of living in cities. |
| A．By making a contrast. | B．By telling a story. |
| C．By listing figures. . | D．By giving examples. |
| A．By interacting directly with our environment. |
| B．By keeping track of the way we usually live. |
| C．By ensuring no emission of air pollutants. |
| D．By educating residents to save resources. |
| A．Smart City Closer to Reality. | B．The Rise and Fall of Cities. |
| C．How to Save Natural Resources. | D．Ways to Feed the World Population. |
