【推荐1】Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the world. While some of us throw away unwanted items, people in other parts of the world face food shortages and are starving. It’s a shocking fact that a third of the world’s food is wasted each year, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.

You may think supermarkets are the main contributors to this mountain of food. After all, they do desert stuff that is past its sell-by-date and they often refuse to sell fruits or vegetables that are in the wrong shape or look damaged. They’ve also been criticized for encouraging customers to buy more than they need through promotions such as “buy one and get one free”.

But the biggest culprit for creating food waste is us human beings. In Europe, an incredible 53% of food waste comes from households, which results in 88 million tons of food waste a year. So instead of filling our bellies, our food is filling up landfill sites.

In Denmark, a woman called Selina Juul has been working hard to solve this problem. She moved from Russia many years ago and was amazed to see the abundance of food available in the supermarkets. But despite so much availability, she found that people were buying more than they needed and throwing too much away.

She convinced some supermarkets to stop selling their items in bulk (大量) so that people bought only what they needed. She produced a leftover cookbook and set up an education program in schools, which has helped create a significant 25% reduction in food waste.

Clearly, we need to think twice when we buy something in supermarkets or online, and when we’re at home we should make the most of the food we have — using recipes that use up our leftovers or even sharing our remaining food with our friends and neighbors.

1. Why are supermarkets to blame for food waste?

A．They store spare items.	B．They damage bad stuff.
C．They display new arrivals.	D．They hold sales promotion.

2. What does the underlined word “culprit” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Benefit.	B．Demand.
C．Cause.	D．Challenge.

3. What do we know about Selina Juul?

A．She contributed to reducing food waste.	B．She made an extraordinary discovery.
C．She was a pioneer in cooking leftovers.	D．She focused on the availability of food.

4. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?

A．Start sharing extra food.	B．Switch to online shopping.
C．Increase the varieties of food.	D．Improve our cooking methods.

【推荐2】People used to say that British food was boring and bland (乏味的). Nowadays people in Britain have a world of food to choose from.

Travel around London and you'll find food from around the globe. You might come across restaurants and cafes serving foreign food from Armenia, Bangladesh, China, France, etc. Take a look on the Internet and you'll find even more, from Africa, South and Central America and the Pacific. Some restaurants mix different cuisines (烹饪) to create fusion (融合) food. It is similar across the rest of the UK, and growing.

It hasn't always been the case. Once upon a time, other Western Europeans described British food as boring and bland, too heavy and full of fat, with tasteless soups and puddings only the British could love. Sixty years ago, there were only four Indian restaurants in the UK. Now there are over 9,500. There were Italian restaurants in Britain in the nineteenth century but no real Chinese restaurant until the 1930s. The first Indian restaurant opened three hundred years ago.

So why did the British grow bored with their food? Firstly soldiers, administrators and planters who had worked overseas encouraged others to try out new food. In the 1970s, the British began to take holidays abroad and discovered new tastes. And at the same time, people from around the world settled in the UK to live and work, bringing food from home which attracted the British.

Traditionally, Britain's national dish has always been fish and chips, but it is more exotic (异国风味) than that. Many people, including former Foreign Secretary Robin Cook, now consider chicken tikka masala the national dish. It contains chicken in creamy sauce, Indian style. It has come to symbolize (象征) multicultural Britain and could be considered as an example of "fusion" food.

1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A．London is a multicultural global city.

B．It is easy for Londoners to travel to different countries.

C．Many restaurants in London belong to different countries.

D．People in Britain have different kinds of food to choose from.

2. Which of the following statement is true?

A．Indian cooking has a long history in the UK.

B．Western Europeans used to enjoy British food.

C．Four Indian restaurants opened in the UK three hundred years ago.

D．Real Chinese restaurant opened in the UK in the nineteenth century.

3. Which is the reason why British People grew bored with their food?

A．British people working abroad encouraged others to try out new food.

B．Travel offered British people opportunities to change their diet.

C．Non-British people working in the UK brought food from their countries.

D．Above all.

4. Why did Robin Cook consider chicken tikka masala the national dish?

A．Because it was invented by an Indian chef.

B．Because it is a traditional British dish and more exotic.

C．Because it is a kind of fusion food and the sign of a multicultural Britain.

D．Because British doesn't have as many dishes to show off as other countries.

【推荐3】Amid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.

Potatoes

Shelf life ： 2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark place

Yukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.

Tea

※Shelf life： 6 to 12 months past "sell - by" date

Dried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.

Peanuts

● Shelf life ： 1 to 2 months

Peanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.

Canned fruits and vegetables

● Shelf life ： 1 to 2 years past "sell - by” date

Canning is an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.

1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?

A．Potatoes.	B．Tea.
C．Peanuts.	D．Canned fruits and vegetables.

2. What is special about tea?

A．The flavor of tea can always remain the same.

B．Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.

C．Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.

D．The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.

3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?

A．Shapes of cans.	B．Categories of foods.
C．Decline of the temperature.	D．Exposure to high temperature.

【推荐1】Just like rice and Noodles are different from bread, snacks in China are a world apart from those in the UK and the US. For one thing, I never imagined that sunflower seeds(葵花籽) would be so popular here. I found people having them while waiting for tables outside restaurants, before dinner and, of course, while watching TV. I also saw that a plate of sunflower seeds is always on tables during the Spring Festival holidays.

I had seldom tried sunflower seeds when I came to China. In the UK, young people love their snacks. In fact, young people in Britain eat more snacks than people of the same age in other European countries. A recent Survey has discovered that 64% of under 20-year-olds snack between meals, according to an article on a British website. In comparison(对比), 58.7% of young people snack in Germany, 53% in France, and only 40.7% in Spain.

In Britain, we always looked forward to our favorite potato chips and chocolate bars after school. In U.S. One of things that I found the most wonderful when I first visited the US was the number of snacks in their supermarkets; I was surprised to find huge shelves just for snacks were bigger than some stores in the UK.   Snack tastes in the US are much the same as in the UK.

All in all, it’s probably best for your health if you like sunflower seeds rather than potato chips and chocolate. But eating these delicious snacks sometimes couldn’t be wrong, could it?

1. What is the article mainly about?

A．The most popular snack in China.

B．Snacks in the UK and the US.

C．Snacks young Western people like.

D．Some tips for choosing snacks in the UK.

2. According to the British Council, snacks are most popular among young people in_______.

A．Britain

B．Germany

C．France

D．Spain

3. What surprised the author when he went to supermarkets in the US?

A．How the snacks tasted.

B．The size of the snacks’ packages.

C．The lack of choice when it came to snacks.

D．The large number of snacks.

4. What does the author think of potato chips and chocolate?

A．They don’t taste as good as sunflower seeds.

B．They are unhealthy, so people should stop eating them.

C．It’s better eat them with sandwiches and fruit.

D．It’s fine to enjoy them sometimes although they are unhealthy.

【推荐2】How Americans Began to Eat Tomatoes.

People have strange ideas about food. For example, the tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable. It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways. It has rich nutrition and vitamin in it. But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous (有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples.”

President Thomas Jefferson, however, knew that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President's party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honored (忠实的) guests about the fact.

1. After you read the passage, which of the following do you think is true?

A．Americans never ate tomatoes after they began to plant them.

B．Americans didn't eat tomatoes before 19th century.

C．Even now Americans don't eat tomatoes.

D．In the 18th century Americans ate a lot of tomatoes.

2. The passage tells us that Jefferson was a President who learned to love the taste of tomatoes________.

A．while he was in Paris	B．when he was a little boy
C．because his parents told him so	D．from books

3. According   to the text, ________ made the beautiful pink soup served at the President's party?

A．the President his self	B．a French cook
C．the President's cook	D．the President's wife

4. From the passage   we   know   all   the   honored   guests   invited   by   Jefferson   were________.

A．people from other countries	B．from France
C．people of his own country	D．men only.

【推荐1】Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing when you are happy.

Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.

Do you know what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims (声称) as its own. Only he and his family are welcome there. No other families of the same species are welcome. Your house is your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.

If so, you have actually frightened the stranger away without having to fight him. A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting (筑巢) season. So he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not. This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.

1. Some scientists believe that most of the time bird’s singing is actually ________.

A．an expression of happiness	B．a way of warning
C．an expression of anger	D．a way of greeting

2. What is a bird’s “territory”？

A．A place where families of other species are not accepted.

B．A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice.

C．An area for which birds fight against each other.

D．An area which a bird considers to be its own.

3. Why do birds keep on singing at nesting season?

A．Because they want to invite more friends.

B．Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away.

C．Because they want to find outsiders around.

D．Because their singing helps get rid of their fears.

4. How does the writer explain birds’ singing?

A．By comparing birds with human beings.	B．By reporting experiment results.
C．By describing birds’ daily life.	D．By telling a bird’s story.

【推荐3】Although ethics（道德）lessons are common around the world, scientists are unsure if the lessons can actually change behavior. But a new study found that a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects.

The researchers investigated one lesson’s impact on eating meat. They chose this particular behavior for three reasons, according to study co-author Eric, a philosopher at the University of California: students’ attitudes on the topic are variable, behavior is easily measurable, and eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering. The researchers studied students in four classes. Half of them read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat, watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion. The other half focused on charitable giving instead. Then, the researchers studied their meal-card purchases for that semester-nearly 14,000 receipts（收据）for almost 500 students. “It’s an awesome data set,” says Nina Strohminger, a psychologist who teaches business ethics and was not involved in the study.

For students who discussed meat ethics, meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent-and this effect held steady for the study’s duration of several weeks. Purchases from the other group remained at 52 percent.

“That’s actually a pretty large effect for a pretty small intervention,” Eric says. Strohminger agrees, “The thing that still blows my mind is that just one ethics lesson should have such an obvious effect.”

Eric believes the greatest impact came from classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions. Second, the video may have had an emotional impact. Least influential, he thinks was argument. Now the researchers are investigating the specific effects of teaching style teachers’ eating habits and students’ video exposure.

1. How did the researchers carry out the study?

A．By making a comparison.	B．By introducing a concept.
C．By presenting an argument.	D．By referring to another study.

2. What does the underlined phrase “blows my mind” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Annoys me.

B．Surprises me.

C．Bothers me.

D．Frightens me.

3. According to Eric, what may have the least effect on students’ meat purchases?

A．Argument.

B．Teaching style.

C．Teaching assistants.

D．The video exposure.

4. What is the purpose of the study?

A．To improve students’ lifestyles.

B．To call on students to eat less meat.

C．To encourage students to take ethics lessons.

D．To tell the effects of ethics lessons on behavior.

【推荐1】Long before today's technology was invented, Katherine Johnson was known as a “computer”，She calculated（计算）flight trajectories（飞行轨迹），by hand，for the United States space program. Her amazing calculations made sure the astronauts（宇航员）made it to space safely and back.

Katherine Johnson's achievement has made a huge influence on Kavita Gupta. a chemistry teacher at Monta Vista High School.Gupta says Johnson is her hero."Katherine Johnion, the human computer, the third African-American woman to get a Ph.D, who helped NASA put a man on the moon,inspires me with her bravery to challenge traditional thinking" Gupea says.

Her excellent work as a mathematician guided Alan B. Shepherd to become the first American in space in 1961.A year later, her calculating skills helped John Glenn to become the first American to go around the Earth. Most importantly. in 1969 she calculated trajectories that led the Apollo 11 to the moon,one of America's greatest scientific achievements.

Johnson has been called a math genius She entered high school when she was 10 and donated four years later. She then entered West Virginia State College, a Black College and University, and finished her undergraduate degree by the age of 18.

Johnson was fortunate to have finished education out of the reach of most African Americans at the time. In her hometown of White Sulfur Springs,West Virginia, black students in the "black-only" education system could go no further than sixth grade. Because of this, Johnson's father, Joshua Coleman, moved the family 125 miles to the town of Institute, also m Wet Virginia,where she and her sisters and brothers could receive a full education

1. Whom has Katherine Johnson encouraged?

A．Monta Vista.

B．Kavita Gupta.

C．Alan B.Shepherd.

D．John Glenn.

2. Which of the following is true about Johnson?

A．She was the first African woman to get a Ph D.

B．She graduated from high school when she was 13.

C．Her calculations helped send the Apollo II to the moon.

D．She helped John Glenn to travel around the Earth in 1963.

3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Most girts in Johnson's hometown could teach higher than the sixth grade

B．Johnson's family moved a lot for the children's education.

C．African Americans could be fully educated in the town of Institute.

D．Johnson was the only child in her family to get a full education.

4. What can be the most suitable title for the text?

A．A legendary calculation genius	B．A brave human computer
C．An African female scientist	D．An amazing American woman

【推荐2】The best gaming laptop of 2019: the best laptops to play PC games

MSI GT75 Titan	CPU: 8th-generation Intel Core i7-9 Graphics: Nvidia GeForce GTX 1080(GDDR5X VRAM) RAM: Up to 32GB Screen: 17. 3-inch FHD-UHD (1,920 x 1,080-3,840 x 2.160) Storage: 1TB, 1TB HDD Prices: $2,569 Some gaming laptops enable you to run any game you can imagine without a crash, and the MSI GT75 Titan is one of these laptops.
Asus ROG Strix GL502	CPU: Intel Core i7 Graphics: Nvidia GeForce GTX 1060-1070 RAM: 16GB DDR4 Screen: 15. 6-inch full HD 1, 920 x 1,080 IPS Storage: 128GB-256GB SSD, 1TB HDDI Prices: $1, 299 It doesn't feature the longest battery life, but the screen, power more than make up for it. At the same time, the better sound system will also make Asus ROG Strix GL502 more attractive for you.
Dell XPS 15 2-in-1	CPU: Intel Core i5-i7 Graphics: Radeon RX Vega M GL Graphics B2 Graphics Memory | RAM: 8GB Screen: 15. 6- inch, 4K Ultra HD (3, 840 x 2, 160) InfinityEdge anti-reflective touch display Storage: 512GB PCIe SSD| Prices: $1,199 If you want one of the best gaming laptops, but don't want to miss out on the extremely lightweight craze, you need to consider the Dell XPS 15 2-in-1
Dell G3 15	CPU: Intel Core i5 8300H-Core i7-8750H Graphics: Nvidia Ge Force GTX 1050-GTX 1060 RAM: 8GB-16GB Screen:15.6-inch, FHD (1, 920 x 1, 080) Storage: 1TB SSHD-512GB PCle SSD Prices: $699 The Dell 15 is not just extremely affordable, but it enables you to enjoy great 1080p gaming performance. And, that blue on black color combo(组合) is quite a looker if that’s your taste.

1. Which laptop will you buy if you like a bigger screen?

A．Dell G3 15.	B．Asus ROG Strix GL502.
C．Dell XPS 15 2-in-1.	D．MSI GT75 Titan.

2. How much will you pay for a laptop with a better sound system?

A．$1,299.

B．$699.

C．$1,199.

D．$2,569.

3. What is special about the Dell G3 15?

A．It is more suitable for playing games.	B．It is a bit lighter and easy to carry.
C．It has the unique color and cheaper price.	D．It has the longest battery life.

【推荐3】For parents with grown children, sometimes the pain of an empty nest can be better than the pain of a full basement. It turns out birds face a similar but slightly more deadly dilemma. When young birds leave the nest early, they help their future generations survive better but they themselves are more likely to die, according to a new study.

Young birds can have a tough life—as can their parents. A noisy nest attracts predators that can wipe out the entire year's reproductive efforts at one stroke. Thus, bird parents push their young to leave the nest early—even when they are not quite ready—to increase the chances that at least one will survive, making sure all their "eggs" are not in one basket. But these early birds suffer as a result. Their death rate can be as high as 70%, compared with just 12% for species that are late bloomers.

Suspecting survival rates had something to do with how ready the birds were to take wing. An ecologist, Thomas Martin, tested fledgling(雏鸟) flying ability at different ages in about a dozen species and recorded the results with high-speed video.

As expected, younger birds had poorly developed wings and flew badly. Moreover, when researchers forced a gray sparrow called a junco(which has some of the lowest fledgling survival rates among the species studied) to stay in the nest for 13 days instead of 10, more lived to adulthood. Just 10% died within 7 days, compared with 30% for the early birds.

But it turns out that some bird moms are willing to keep their kids in the nest a bit longer. Birds such as the white-breasted nuthatch(五子雀), which nests in well-protected tree holes, let the young hang about longer at home, Martin's team discovered. In contrast, birds that nest on the ground or in the open pushed for early departures. That's because they suffer comparatively high losses of chicks in the nest.

Are there any lessons for human parents? “Some parallels exist,” Martin says, “but with people, there's so much more culture that comes into it.”

1. What does the new study find?

A．Young Birds' early leaving from the nest benefits bird parents themselves.

B．Parents with grown children suffer the pain of an empty nest.

C．There is a strong bond between empty-nest parents and young birds.

D．The wrong time of young birds' leaving may bring the whole family a disaster.

2. Which does the underlined word “predators” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．The birds' parents.	B．The birds' natural enemies.
C．The younger competitors.	D．The future generations.

3. What did the case of the gray sparrow show?

A．More birds have poorly developed wings than ever.

B．More gray sparrows live to adulthood than ever.

C．The longer the young stayed in the nests, the higher their survival rates were.

D．The earlier the young left the nests, the higher their survival rates were.

4. What may decide young birds' leaving time from home according to the research?

A．The bird moms.	B．The bird species.
C．The wings' shape.	D．The location of their nests.