Every kid has their own obsessions (着迷的事情). Dolls, dinosaurs, remote controls, cell phones—they might have a toy box with a wide range of playthings to keep them entertained, but there’s a firm favorite they always reach for first.
Researchers call this phenomenon “extremely intense interests (Ells)”, and have found that they start to emerge at around 18 months of age and are evident in around a third of preschool-aged children. For lots of children, this obsession revolves around (围绕) cars. And although the sex divide in the toy world remains, it’s not only little boy who are drawn to all things with wheels. So what’s the big deal about cars, trucks, trains, and buses?
From age 0-2, children are the sensorimotor stage of development. They are learning by absorbing everything through their senses—sight, touch, taste, smell, hear. Toys and real-life objects like cars are very sensorily engaging. Kids can interact with toy cars, trucks, etc. through spinning their wheels, watching them move in a variety of direction, or hearing the sounds they make.
Plus, kids are just naturally drawn to loud, moving objects. They see the lights on the cars, the rolling wheels, the sound of the engine. Kids will always be drawn to flashy and loud things because that is what engages their brain and sensory systems. Another appeal of toy vehicles is that they’re typically small enough to fit in a child’s hand. And because they can put their cars in their pocket or carry them around, they’re easy to get attached to.
Every child is unique in how they engage with toys, and the reasons for their play style may be diverse and complex. However children often interact with materials in similar ways to how their families interact with them. If a child sees a sibling or parents modeling play with a car going fast down a track, they are likely going to interact with the toy that same way. Ultimately, how your kids play with their toy vehicles could be a little window into what excites them.
1. What do we know about the kid’s obsession?| A．Girls may like playthings with wheels as the boys do. |
| B．Kids keep what they are obsessed with within their reach. |
| C．Kids’ obsession with cars begin earlier and it lasts long. |
| D．EIIs promotes the interest of children in all things with wheels. |
| A．They are flashy and attractive. |
| B．They are convenient to carry in children’s hands. |
| C．They are easy for children to get attached to. |
| D．They exercise children’s brain and sensory system. |
| A．Parents should teach the kids how to play with toy vehicles. |
| B．It is helpful to know the way of kids playing with toy vehicles. |
| C．Siblings should always play with their younger brothers or sisters. |
| D．Children are different from each others in choosing the toys vehicles. |
| A．To advertise toy cars. | B．To introduce appealing toys. |
| C．To explain reasons kids like toy cars. | D．To encourage parents to interact with kids. |
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【推荐1】Fossils discovered in Liaoning province have challenged the theory that the Archaeopteryx is the earliest known bird.
Research of the fossils led by Pascal Godefroit and his team from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences revealed that the dinosaur bird Aurornis xui, like the Archaeopteryx, existed nearly 150 million years ago. Godefroit told British-based Daily Mail, “The evolutionary development shows that dinosaur birds were already diversified in northern China during the Middle-Late Jurassic.”
The study, published in the journal Nature, showed that Aurornis xui was 50 cm in length and had tiny teeth used for hunting and defense, similar to other dinosaurs. Godefroit said the results support a “single origin of powered flight”, which suggests that all dinosaurs that became birds took flight around the same time, and eventually lost hunting and defensive features, like teeth, during adaptation.
Hu Dongyu, a professor at Shenyang Normal University, pointed out that fossils of some dinosaurs show that the legs initially had long feathers, which suggests they assisted wings in flight. “But the long feathers on the legs degenerated as the wings became strong enough. This is not the first time that fossil evidence has showed the evolution path from dinosaurs to birds,” said Hu. “The initial question was whether these dinosaur birds existed before the Archaeopteryx, but as we dig deeper into them, the age became irrelevant. And now the bone of contention is whether all these dinosaur birds are dinosaurs or birds.”
One fossil, found in Liaoning in 2009 and studied by scientists led by Xu Xing from the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, showed that the earliest dinosaur bird was Anchiornis huxleyi, a flying dinosaur that lived 160 million years ago. Another fossil studied by Xu and his colleagues, also believed to be a dinosaur bird, was named Xiaotingia zhengi. “Aurornis xui, Anchiornis huxleyi and Xiaotingia zhengi are similar dinosaur bird fossils,” Hu added. “The earlier research suggested that all dinosaur birds were dinosaurs, not birds. However, recent research suggests the opposite. So there is a long way to go to draw a conclusion.”
1. What is the topic of the text?| A．The origin of birds. | B．The adaptability of birds. |
| C．The time when dinosaurs appeared. | D．The reason why dinosaurs died out. |
| A．The speed of its flight. | B．The force of its defense. |
| C．The length of its feathers. | D．The feature of its teeth. |
| A．The bones of birds. | B．The focus of debate. |
| C．The similarity of theories. | D．The conclusion of research. |
| A．They were dinosaurs. | B．They need further study. |
| C．They could fly like birds. | D．They existed before the Archaeopteryx. |
The rise of mobile phones has been blamed for a number of social ills, but your smart phone may also be making you physically sick as well. Scientists have identified a condition called “cybersickness”, which they say is the digital version of motion sickness. The phenomenon, which affects up to 80 percent of the population who own smart phones or tablets, leads to feelings of sickness and unsteadiness. It is caused by seeing fast motion on a screen, which covers anything from a car chase in a film to scrolling through web pages on your phone.
The more realistic the visual content appears to you, the higher your chances of getting cybersickness are . The condition was identified in a piece in the New York Times in which British and US experts said that it needed solving. Motion sickness leaves sufferers feeling ill because they feel movement in your muscles and your inner ear but do not see it. The mismatch in digital sickness is the opposite—you see movement on the screen but do not feel it. The effect is the same and the symptoms include a headache, wanting to throw up, confusion and the need to sit down. Often cybersickness shows itself in a subtle way and sufferers put it down to stress or eyestrain.
Steven Rauch, a professor of otolaryngology（耳鼻喉科学） at Harvard Medical School, said: “Your sense of balance is different from other senses in that it has lots of inputs. When those inputs don’t agree, that’s when you feel dizziness and sickness. ”
Some studies that have been carried out into cybersickness found that women are more susceptible than men, the New York Times reported. Those who have Type A’ personalities—meaning they are confident and determined—are more likely to suffer from cybersickness as well. Among those who have reported experiencing the condition have been video gamers who spend hours playing fast paced games. Engineers at Oculus VR, the virtual headset manufacturer, have admitted that digital motion sickness is one of their biggest problems.
1. From the text, we know that cybersickness ______.
| A．is completely equal to motion sickness |
| B．affects up to 80% of the population. |
| C．leads to people’s feelings of sickness and unsteadiness |
| D．is caused by seeing fast moving objects around |
| A．Digital sickness means sufferers see movement but do not feel it. |
| B．Digital sickness means sufferers feel movement but do not see it. |
| C．Motion sickness means sufferers see movement but do not feel it. |
| D．Motion sickness means sufferers don’t see or feel movement |
| A．likely to accept | B．likely to be affected |
| C．likely to suspect | D．likely to be cured |
| A．a science fiction | B．a newspaper ad |
| C．a book review | D．a science news report |
【推荐3】Human activities are killing wildlife at an alarming rate, with causes ranging from environmental pollution to the built environment. For bird species, nighttime collisions (碰撞) with power lines are driving significant population decline. But now scientists have come up with a clever way to make the lines easier for birds to spot, without being ugly to humans.
Industry and U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service guidelines recommended that electricity companies mark their power lines with plastic attachments to make it more visible, but birds were still dying. Biologists reported that 300 Sandhill cranes (鹤) perished in one month in 2019 from collisions with marked lines at the Rowe Sanctuary ‘in Nebraska, where the cranes stopped over during their annual spring migration. “We need forward-thinking methods to protect not only large birds that are naturally at greater risk from power lines but also millions of smaller birds,” said Anne Lacy of the, International Crane Foundation.
Bird species can see ultraviolet light (紫外线) at night. So James Dwyer, a wildlife biologist at a consulting firm, EDM, had the idea of using near-visible UV light to brighten power lines. EDM’s engineering team and the Dawson Public Power District developed such light systems and installed them on a tower supporting a power line at Rowe Sanctuary. Over a 38-night period, crane collisions decreased by 98 percent when the lights were on, the researchers reported in a study published online in May in Ornithological Applications.
Richard Loughery, director of environmental activities at the Edison Electric Institute, who was not involved in the project, says the new UV system adds an important tool for use in hotspots where endangered bird species nest and feed.
“I don’t want electricity companies to build lines wherever they want because there’s a new tool,” says biologist Robert Harms of the U. S. Fish &. Wildlife Service, who was not involved in the work. But for existing lines, he says, the UV system could be absolutely amazing.
1. Why was the first method abandoned to protect birds?| A．It couldn’t protect birds migration. |
| B．It couldn’t prevent birds from standing on the plastic attachment. |
| C．The used material was hard for birds to spot at night. |
| D．The used material made more birds come to the power line. |
| A．Died. | B．Appeared. | C．Survived. | D．Increased. |
| A．It was more economical. |
| B．It was not harmful to birds. |
| C．It was invisible to people but not to birds at night. |
| D．It was a new technology tool for protecting birds. |
| A．Unnecessary. | B．Satisfactory. | C．Critical. | D．Skeptical. |
【推荐1】New observations of the Moon show that lunar water may be more accessible than originally thought. The new data is particularly exciting for NASA, which hopes to make use of the Moon’s resources — especially water ice existing in the soil — to help future astronauts live and work on the lunar surface.
In one study, researchers discovered water directly on the lunar surface, finding the molecule(分子) on areas of the Moon lighted by the Sun. A second study speculates （推测）that water ice might be trapped in tiny areas or small holes spread all over the Moon’s surface, making water more abundant (大量的) and more accessible than we could have imagined. The two studies were published in the journal Nature.
This isn’t the first time water has been discovered on the Moon. But the only water we’ve been able to find until now is really difficult to reach. It seems to be primarily located in large holes at the lunar south pole that are in continuous shadow. The freezing holes are dangerously cold — possibly reaching -400 ℉ — making them almost impossible to access with modern technology.
The research published today raises the possibility that astronauts can find water in other areas of the Moon that are far less deadly. “If we find that it’s abundant enough in certain locations, it would be easier to access versus going into these very cold, very dark places,” Casey Honniball, an expert at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and lead author on one of the studies, tells The Verge.
It seems to be good news for NASA. But there are still a lot of unknowns related to this research. Though the first study discovered water, the researchers didn’t find a lot. Besides, if the water is existing in the lunar dirt as expected, it’s going to take a lot of work to get it. “The method to get that water would be to melt the glass, so that the water can be released,” Honniball says. “This is a difficult process, compared to some other methods.”
1. Where can we read about the new studies？
| A．From NASA. | B．In The Verge. |
| C．From Space Flight Center. | D．In the journal Nature. |
| A．The only water found is located on areas lighted by the Sun. |
| B．The deadly cold situation stops people from accessing the holes. |
| C．It is the first time that people have found water on the Moon. |
| D．It can reach a temperature of -400 ℃ in the holes. |
| A．Great efforts will be needed to melt the glass. |
| B．There is not enough water on the Moon. |
| C．We don’t know where to find the water. |
| D．We don’t know how to get the water. |
| A．NASA plans to send astronauts to the Moon. |
| B．A lot of unknowns exist in making use of the Moon. |
| C．Using water on the Moon will be key to a future lunar base. |
| D．Water ice on the Moon may be easier to reach than we thought. |
【推荐2】Humans can be poor judges of their own ability. So, you might not be as good, or as bad, as you think you are. Psychologists have found the less expertise you have in something, the more likely you are to overestimate your competence in it. And in a digital era where self-assured social media influencers give you “life tricks”, and face-to-face conversation is more limited, this psychological phenomenon seems important to remember.
This concept is called the Dunning-Kruger effect, named after the psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger. Back in the 90s, they found a correlation between a person’s lack of skills and ability and a lack of awareness of lack of ability. They are ignorant to their own limitations. This plays out in various areas of life, such as in medical diagnosis. For example, Dunning told BBC Radio 4 that, one third of the time, doctors disagree with patients who self-diagnose using internet sources rather than seeing a medical professional. Whether it’s judging jokes, logical reasoning, or grammar, the pattern is the same: the less skilled you are, the more over-confident you are.
On the other side is intellectual humility. This means having a modest or low view of your importance or abilities. Elizabeth J. Krumrei-Mancuso, Professor of Psychology at Pepperdine University, found that a higher willingness to ac know edge cognitive limitations, and the ability to embrace diverse perspectives, are connected with a more accurate perception of intelligence.
How can we use this knowledge to help us in everyday life? Tenelle Porter, a psychologist at Rowan University, told the BBC that knowing this “opens us up to being intellectually humble, to admitting everything that we don’t yet know”. And current studies suggest that those with higher intellectual humility are more open to negotiating, compromising and exploring information.
So, embrace the unknown and remember: there’s always more to learn.
1. What psychological phenomenon is described at the beginning of the text?| A．Those addicted to social media are worse at judging themselves. |
| B．Those with less expertise are more likely to overvalue themselves. |
| C．Those with less knowledge are more likely to be influenced by social media. |
| D．Those accustomed to more face-to-tace conversation tend to be more outgoing. |
| A．A correlation between a person’s confidence and profession. |
| B．A correlation between a person’s personality and his limitations. |
| C．A correlation between a person’s health condition and his diagnosis. |
| D．A correlation between a person’s competence and his awareness of self ability. |
| A．It means being sensitive to diverse opinions. |
| B．It means being humble about self-competence. |
| C．It means being ready to break self-limitations. |
| D．It means being confident in accepting different comments. |
| A．We should admit others’ virtues. |
| B．We should ignore our advantages. |
| C．We should acknowledge our limitations. |
| D．We should cooperate actively with others. |
【推荐3】A lot of people ask this question: "Why is body language so important?" Studies have shown that in the process of communication, non-verbal expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual text. This means that "how to say" is more important than "what to say". Of course, this does not mean that you don't need to do preparation for your interviews, nor does it mean that you can take any short cuts. On the contrary, this means that you have more things to pay attention to and prepare for.
In the real workplace, body language is much more important than you think. Without proper body language, you may find yourself trapped in a circle where you can't integrate with the external environment, not to mention the difficulties in the absence of body language in the workplace.
"People can often make inferences from actions, and the results of these inferences directly affect lives: for example. who will be employed and who will be promoted."Academician Amy Cuddy said in a TV talk show. She also said that "our body language will also affect our perception ( 感知, 看法)of ourselves. When you try to make more authoritative actions,your brain will inadvertently（不经意地）receive signals and actually create an idea that you are more authoritative, so that you have more confidence in yourself".
Therefore, before interviews or important meetings, try not to lean on any object or have a hunched back. Instead, you should try to keep your body relaxed. You can even stand with a relatively authoritative posture (姿势） -of course, you may need to do these things in the bathroom or places where no one could see you.
Body language plays a crucial role in your job interviews, careers, and everyday life. Paying attention to body language could make strong impacts on your behavior,which could help you achieve better results. So, every time you are nervous or feel that you can't do it, stretch your body, smile, and tell yourself "Fake it till you become it!"
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us?| A．What we say in a conversation is not so important. |
| B．Practicing body language is a short cut to success. |
| C．We should attach great importance to body language. |
| D．Body language carries 93% of conversation messages. |
| A．It decides whether we are promoted. |
| B．It influences people's impression of us. |
| C．It makes us look more authoritative. |
| D．It helps people understand who we are. |
| A．Broken down. | B．Tied behind. |
| C．Bent forward. | D．Straightened up. |
| A．New arrivals in the workplace. |
| B．Body language researchers. |
| C．Working adults to be promoted. |
| D．Viewers of a TV talk show. |
【推荐1】It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations - flower-filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.
By August, she had a plan:convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in nonprofit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most. “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her,” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.
In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. Laëtitia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’,” says Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing (滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”
In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.
1. What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?| A．The warm atmosphere of weddings. | B．The loneliness of seniors. |
| C．The persuasion of other friends. | D．The waste of flowers. |
| A．She was moved. | B．She was surprised. |
| C．She was worried. | D．She was excited. |
| A．It should focus on primary care. |
| B．It is doing something of great importance. |
| C．It is benefiting more than the elderly. |
| D．It should cooperate with more nonprofit institutions. |
| A．Volunteer Your Time | B．Don’t Throw Flowers Away |
| C．Brighten Seniors’ Lives with Flowers | D．Special Delivery Makes Your Day |
【推荐2】The Spanish sun makes the beaches, the sea and nature glow in a special manner, which gave the place a name so meaningful: La Costa de la Luz ( The Coast of Light).
The charming “Costa de la Luz” is the guarantee(保证) for a dream-like holidays and one of the jewelleries of the Spanish beaches. Here you can sun-bathe till October. The friendly people make you want to come back. You’ll fall in love with beaches. Sand and wood surround the Coast. Behind them you discover the beauties of wild life in Donana National Park. If you stay in a hotel situated on the beach, and every morning you’ll be woken up by the breaking white waves and the sound of the birds.
In the year 711 the Muslims living in North Africa conquered (控制) almost the entire area of Spain. Traces of their culture and civilization are to be found in Sevilla, one of the oldest towns in Spain.
You’ll be delighted by the colorful view of the towns, which are filled with all kinds of flowers. For one of the best holidays in your life, don’t hesitate and choose Andalucia. You won’t regret it.
1. What makes Andalucia get the name of “The Coast of Light”?| A．Jewellery | B．Wood. | C．Sand. | D．Sun. |
| A．people bathing on the beaches | B．wildlife wandering on the beaches |
| C．friendly locals smiling to you | D．green trees surrounding the coast |
| A．recommend Andalucia as your holiday destination | B．introduce natural scenery of Andalucia |
| C．persuade people to remember Andalucia | D．promote traditions of Spain |
【推荐3】Eric Attayi, owner of the Urban Bicycle Gallery in Houston, Texas, has watched the pandemic transform his shop in a way most businesses can only dream of.
Bicycles are selling before he has time to assemble them for display. Attayi said he'd matched his 2019 sales by the start of May. He's had to hire new employees to meet demand, and hasn't taken a day off since February. Attayi said now the phone doesn't stop ringing and his guys get overwhelmed. He'd given raises and started buying lunch for his stressed staff.
As unemployment reaches record levels and small businesses scramble to survive, bike shops have been an exception.
They're thriving whether they're in car-dominated cities like Houston or more traditional biking areas like New York. Keeping enough bikes in stock, and finishing repairs in a timely manner, has become a challenge. Customers are being turned away, in some cases.
New customers are looking for ways to be active and outdoors. Bike shop owners say that the closing of gyms and yoga studios during the pandemic has contributed. Others say customers are looking for a commuting alternative to public transportation. Social spacing is easiest on individual modes of transportation, like cars and bikes. In March 2020, US cycling sales increased 39% when compared with March 2019, according to a survey.
"Bikes are like the new toilet paper," Attayi said. "If it's available, buy it."
Robert Keating, owner of the Triathlon Lab outside Los Angeles, said he's never seen anything like the current bicycle boom in the 37 years he's worked in bike shops. He's shifted his shop from a focus on high-end bicycles to affordable bikes people are likely to ride in their neighborhood. Beach cruisers have been especially popular, he said.
Bike shop owners are also wondering how long the current boom will last. Some said customers were more interested in biking because with less car traffic, roads felt safer. Their interest may decrease as traffic returns. But some cities have begun to reallocate street space to bike lanes, which could lead to more biking in the long term.
Phil Koopman, owner of BicycleSpace in Washington DC, compared the current bicycle boom to 1999, when many people bought computers to prepare for Y2K.
"Then those companies didn't sell a lot of computers for a few years because everyone already had one," Koopman said. "That's the big question. Is this a one-time thing or is it something sustainable?"
1. What can we learn from Para l and Para 2?| A．Most businesses have experienced the same development as Attayi's shop. |
| B．Attayi's 2019 sales were as many as those of the start of May. |
| C．Bikes are flying off shelves, overwhelming shops. |
| D．The staff's wages were raised because they had no day off since February. |
| A．Unemployment levels. |
| B．Small businesses. |
| C．Bike shops |
| D．Stressed staff |
| A．Jo attract customers when they are not keen on biking. |
| B．To survive in car-dominated ciles. |
| C．To promote their sales in traditional biking cities. |
| D．To prepare enough bikes for sale and do repairs quickly. |
| A．They can spend much less on qualified goods. |
| B．They cannot go to gyms and yoga studios. |
| C．They prefer biking to public transportation. |
| D．They are trying to find an active way in the open air. |
| A．The current bicycle boom was totally within Keating's expectations. |
| B．Triathlon Lab used to mainly sell bikes that were unaffordable for most people. |
| C．Roads feel dangerous when there are more bikers. |
| D．People lose interest in biking because there is no bike lane. |
| A．Short-sighted. | B．Unconcerned. |
| C．Skeptical. | D．Optimistic |
【推荐1】3D printing is a recent technological development that has started making its way into the marketplace. It is a way of making 3D objects from computer models. 3D printing works by adding together layers of material. This pattern is repeated until the layers form a shape for almost any purpose. The almost unlimited possibility of 3D printing is quickly leading to a revolution in how things are made and produced. As with most technology, 3D printing may help to create things that could benefit humans. However, it could also be used to create things that could harm other people.
One of the promising aspects (方面) of 3D printing is that it may help doctors treat patients in need. Currently, 3D printing is being used to create prostheses (假体) that helps replace missing noses and eyeballs, thus greatly cutting down on the usual wait time for a new prostheses. Dentists are also using 3D printers to create custom toothbrushes for patients’ teeth. The toothbrush fits a person's teeth well, which means that they get a much cleaner mouth than with regular toothbrushes. Many scientists see the potential for 3D printing to create replacement organs for people who need organ transplants. This would save lives as it remove the need for such patients to wait for an organ donation (捐献).
Although many people believe 3D printing is a positive technology that could help humans, it may also have the opposite effect. There is a recent controversy (争议) about the ability of 3D printing to produce arms such as guns. Recently, one organization announced the plans to produce a 3D plastic gun. Anyone with the proper technology and with the determination to make a gun could potentially do so. Will the future of 3D printing provide hope or danger to humans?
1. According to the article, how does 3D printing work?| A．It helps companies enter the marketplace. |
| B．It adds together layers of material together to make a shape. |
| C．It uses 3D objects to make computer models. |
| D．It uses printers to make different models of computers. |
| A．It may help to prevent deaths. | B．It can create controversy. |
| C．It can make a toothbrush. | D．It could produce computers. |
| A．Paragraph 1. | B．Paragraph 2. |
| C．Paragraph 3. | D．All of the above. |
| A．It is not yet known whether there will be more benefits than dangers in 3D printing. |
| B．Most of companies will start to use 3D printing technology in the future. |
| C．Soldiers will benefit greatly from advances in 3D printing. |
| D．The government will probably forbid 3D printing because it is too dangerous. |
【推荐2】The sudden rise of the new coronavirus (冠状病毒) has shocked China. Although China has been doing everything possible to stop the virus, it has spread outside of its borders and into other regions. There are now confirmed cases of COVID-19 in countries including the UK, Japan, Germany, Vietnam, Russia and the United States.
There is a growing fear that the effects of the outbreak will worsen if it is not contained. This has led to countries closing borders with China and putting travel bans in place, hoping to protect their own citizens. However, fear and misinformation have also caused the spread of something else — racism.
Restaurants and businesses in many tourist areas across the world have posted signs banning Chinese people. Social media users recently shared a picture of a sign outside a hotel in Rome, Italy. The sign said that “all people coming from China” were “not allowed” in the hotel. Similar signs with anti-Chinese sentiment (情绪) were also reportedly seen in South Korea, the UK,
Malaysia and Canada. These signs were loud and clear — “No Chinese”. Racist actions such as these do a lot more harm than good.
“My ethnicity (种族渊源) has made me feel like I was part of a threatening and diseased mass ,” Sam Phan, a master’s student at the University of Manchester, wrote to the Guardian.
Edith Bracho-Sanchez, an assistant professor at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, has experience working on health issues that involve international borders. “As human beings, we are afraid of the things we don’t know, but our response should be to educate ourselves, not to further spread … fears and misunderstandings,” she said. Bracho-Sanchez suggested that the media should “stick to the facts”.
Phan shared a similar view: “It’s important … to see us in all our diversity, as individual human beings, and to challenge stereotypes (刻板印象). The coronavirus is a human tragedy, so let’s not allow fear to breed (引发) hatred, intolerance and racism.”
Instead of spreading misinformation and fueling fearful thoughts, we should do everything we can to support those who are affected by events such as the COVID-19 outbreak. After all, the real enemy is the virus, not the people who are fighting it.
1. What do Paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk about?| A．How COVID-19 has spread outside of China. |
| B．How other countries deal with COVID-19. |
| C．COVID-19 leading to racism against Chinese people. |
| D．COVID-19 affecting business and tourism worldwide. |
| A．The media helps educate people. |
| B．It’s harmful to fear what we don’t know. |
| C．It’s better to keep your fears to yourself. |
| D．It’s helpful to learn about unknown things. |
| A．She hopes people work together to fight the virus. |
| B．She blames Chinese for spreading the virus abroad. |
| C．She thinks the media is responsible for misinformation. |
| D．She criticizes China for not doing enough to contain the virus. |
【推荐3】Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as ―Help Wanted, RealEstate(不动产), Lost and Found are made, the rate charged being less than for display advertising. Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser.
The reader who is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him. The advertisers may, therefore, use a very small advertisement if it was placed among larger advertisements in the paper. It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs.
As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent ondisplay type to get the reader’s attention. Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the reader’s attention. In many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified advertisement has in reality advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertising?
1. The following facts are advantages of classified advertising EXCEPT ____.| A．It helps to reduce the advertising cost. |
| B．It attracts the target readers’ attention easily. |
| C．It provides more information for the readers. |
| D．It doesn’t have to rely too much on display type. |
| A．Houses for sale. | B．People who are asking for help. |
| C．Job hunting. | D．People who are lost. |
| A．They are in a new frame of mind to buy anything. |
| B．They look for something they need. |
| C．They feel lost in so many classified advertisements. |
| D．They maintain the same emotions as reading display advertisements. |
| A．They are charged for no money. |
| B．They are divided into more groups. |
| C．They are less formal than ever. |
| D．They depend more on display type. |
