【推荐2】Corporate (公司) culture is the values and beliefs a company develops over time. The role of corporate culture is to improve a company’s mission and strategies, with long-term hopes of improvements in a company’s profit. Mostly corporate culture comes from a company’s top management.

One role of corporate culture is to influence employee (员工) behavior, honesty, and compliance (服从). A company does not have to necessarily create a direct influence for these actions. A direct influence may be a set of written regulations or other policies, and while these may be in place, the corporate culture is usually more of an indirect influence.

While many companies try to create corporate culture through the use of written policies, its role is harder to define. The human factor has an influence on how corporate culture is expressed. The way upper management acts and reacts to various situations defines how lower-level employees will act, and this aspect may be more important than any written policy.

A company’s corporate culture can also extend beyond the walls of the business. Consumers who believe a company to be honest and forthright may be more loyal in their buying behavior. Employees in a company’s customer service department can also exhibit positive corporate culture to outside individuals. In this case, the culture creates a link between the company’s employees and its customers. How customers react may be a direct result from the company’s corporate culture.

Product quality can also be influenced by a company’s corporate culture. Companies that focus only on profits may decide to avoid high-quality materials in products, but try to suggest that the products are of higher quality than they really are. This negative culture can then result in lower brand loyalty with consumers.

1. What do we know about corporate culture from the text?

A．It is a set of rules and regulations.

B．It is the way the employees act.

C．It is the values and beliefs of a company.

D．It is the long term hope of a company.

2. Which of the following is more helpful in creating corporate culture?

A．Making a set of rules and regulations.

B．Setting an example for the employees.

C．Learning the corporate culture regularly.

D．Encouraging the employees to work harder.

3. What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?

A．The customer is always right.

B．Corporate culture has different functions.

C．Without corporate culture, a company will die.

D．Positive corporate culture can increase sales.

4. What does the author think of the companies mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．Creative.	B．Satisfying.
C．Dishonest.	D．Normal.

【推荐3】In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic(官僚主义的)management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-equipped factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.

The worker and employee are anxious, seemingly because they might find themselves out of a job or they would say that they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. In fact, they feel desperate as they live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.

Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From the moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one’s fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.

Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of all love and of reason - are the aims of social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.

1. By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery”, the author expresses the idea that man is _________.

A．an essential part of society though individual’s function is negligible

B．expected to work in reasonable harmony with the rest of society

C．a replaceable component of society, though functioning smoothly

D．responsible for the smooth running of society and business operations

2. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that _________.

A．they are filled with well-founded fear of being unemployed

B．they don’t have any genuine satisfaction or being unemployed

C．they have to face the fundamental realities of human existence

D．they are deprived of their independence

3. From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those who _________.

A．hold well-paid and life-long jobs	B．enjoy high social status and reputation
C．outperform their fellow-competitors	D．stay away from over-competitiveness

4. To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should _________.

A．resort to the production mode of our ancestors

B．offer higher wages to workers and employees

C．enable man to fully develop his potentialities

D．escape consumerism and embrace humanism

【推荐2】Having the option to study abroad is exciting. It's what you call an once-in-a-lifetime experience that you should take full advantage of if you have the chance.     1     So before you get excited and book that plane ticket to a new world, take these tips into consideration.

Make new friends.

No matter where you end up studying abroad, take this time to make new friends. That could mean someone from your school in your program or major. It could also mean a native of the city or country you're visiting.     2     Do your best not to isolate yourself. Instead, reach out to others actively.

Overcome homesickness.

No matter where you go, you'll probably get a little homesick.     3     Luckily for you, with social media, you can connect with your loved ones almost instantly at any time of the day. Besides, we're almost positive that everyone back home misses you just as much as you miss them. However, they probably want you to enjoy yourself as much as possible and not to feel sad because you miss them.

    4    

One of the best parts of studying abroad is learning the local language. By doing this, you'll be able to communicate with people in your new home. After all, that is your home for a limited time. Also, speaking the local language is another useful skill. Local employers take interest in that when considering applicants.

The world is full of so many great places. We will support you if you'd like to study in one of them.     5    .

A．Learn the local language.

B．Master some useful languages.

C．But don't forget to follow these suggestions.

D．That is quite normal, especially the beginning.

E．Turn to your new friends for help if you feel homesick.

F．Remember, even your best friends started out as strangers.

G．However, studying abroad is not as simple as you just thought.

【推荐3】In dreaming up the programme Tennis and Literacy for Youth, as a mother, I had hoped to share two of my passions, tennis and reading, with children. Throughout the year, I had advertised for participants at local elementary schools and volunteers at local high schools. With the help of kind people, I applied for money. I was even able to secure a camp site for the programme.

But on the first day of camp, in spite of my careful planning, things did not go the way I had hoped. Hector and Adrian exchanged blows with their racquets (球拍). Hector struggled to his feet moments later, covering a bloody nose with one hand. Georgie and Eduardo threw balls at each other. Then during the reading time, I raced from joyless child to demanding child, unable to convince even one to open a book. They would rather be watching Nickelodeon at home, Mylea told me, than “learning stupid tennis and reading boring books”.

That evening, exhausted as I was, I called my volunteers together for a meeting, and redesigned the entire curriculum. We created a good fellow system, where each volunteer paired with a camper to help him or her during reading time. To emphasize praise and progress, we established weekly prize ceremonies, presenting awards for most improved reading, tennis and behavior.

In the following days, with the chaos and the schedule changes and the meetings, these children, once in bad mood during reading time, untouched books in their laps, began to find joy in reading a story and playing tennis.

One day, Mylea shut the book and asked me, “Can I take this to read it to my mom tonight?” Looking up at her eager face, I couldn’t help myself. I jumped to my feet and wrapped her in a hug, lifting her right off the ground. “It’s all yours!” I overjoyed.

1. What can we learn from paragraph 1?

A．The author was a teacher of a high school.

B．Volunteers from local schools donated a lot of money.

C．Local schools invited the author to plan a reading camp.

D．The author made good preparations for the programme.

2. Which can be used to describe the first day of the camp?

A．Successful.

B．Messy.

C．Smooth.

D．Boring.

3. How did the author adjust the programme?

A．By replacing the books with tennis.

B．By helping and inspiring the campers.

C．By calling on the children to work hard.

D．By emphasizing the importance of reading.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．A proposal of being volunteers.

B．An improvement of the teaching facilities.

C．A survey on how to help kids overcome difficulties.

D．An experience of introducing reading and tennis to kids.

【推荐1】The young boy was sitting on the ground in the refugee(难民)camp playing with an empty tin.Other children were standing around watching him with envious eyes.
Envy? Of an empty tin?
This tin was indeed no worthless piece of trash—it was a splendid truck，complete with wheels and grille(铁栅) and floor.The vehicle even had remote control,a frayed piece of string from the“engine”to the hand of the owner.
The tin had lost all its original markings.But its first load had probably been sardines(沙丁鱼).Later the tin had been left with other rubbish behind the refugee camp clinic,and the boy had found it on one of his daily expeditions into the“big world”.
For thousands of refugee children,a tin like this rates high on their list of wants.It can be used for many purposes,as jewellery,as a toy,for drinking or as a medicine box.
Many refugee children would consider it the happiest day of their lives if they received a handful of marbles(弹珠) as a present.
They dream of gifts which children in developed countries take for granted.Maybe a book to read,or a pencil and an exercise book of their very own.
Their imagination can create toys,but it cannot create books.Someone else must provide them.A more costly and valuable gift they cannot imagine.
1. How do you think the young boy may feel when he gets something to read?

A．Depressed.	B．Frustrated.
C．Excited.	D．Frightened.

2. Other children envied the young boy because the boy             .

A．had something to play with	B．got some sardines to eat
C．received a handful of marbles	D．had a real truck toy

3. What is implied in the last paragraph of the text?

A．The society should donate(捐)some toys for the refugee children

B．The refugee children are more imaginative rather than creative

C．The refugee children are more creative rather than imaginative

D．The society should offer the refugee children things for study

4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．An Enviable Toy Present	B．Sardine Tin—A Precious Toy
C．A Splendid Truck Toy	D．A Poor Refugee Cam

【推荐2】My father gave me a copy when I was 18, and it's been with me ever since; it's a beautiful book by Alice. In it, there is a dish of mussels. It is simple and delicious. It was probably the first dish I cooked from the book and I still have it on the menu at my restaurant today.

Mussels are really beautiful in the autumn. When you cook seasonally, you use whatever you have at hand, and each time a food material comes back in season, you are so happy to see it. It's like going back to old friends, like going home. I do feel the dish with mussels is so. It is the same with a dish made by my mother. It's my mum's chicken with cherries. When I was a child, cherries would mark the end of the school year. We'd always get a box of each when school was out for the summer. I remember sitting in the garden hanging cherries in pairs on my ears like earrings and spitting out the pips, hoping a tree would grow.

Food should take you somewhere special like that-not in a confusing way, but in a nurturing way, for both your body and your soul. It should take you to a happy place, which is linked to memory. Someone I work with says all my recipes are memory-bound.

No cook has influenced me more than Alice: valuing farmers, pushing for organics and clean soil. She has made me think about food waste, and about how food can contribute to a solution to wider problems. Alice takes me back to that moment when I fell in love with cooking. Thirty-five years on, I still feel the same.

1. What can we learn about the writer's first dish in Paragraph 1?

A．It is difficult to cook.	B．It is especially popular.
C．He is confident about it	D．He got it from his father.

2. Why did the writer mention his mother's dish in Paragraph 2?

A．To express thanks to his mother	B．To let Alice have a comparison at cooking
C．To show how good his mother was at cooking	D．To show a special dish can be a sweet memory.

3. What kind of restaurant does the writer want his restaurant to be?

A．A green one.

B．A special one.

C．A cheap one.

D．A famous one.

4. What's the writer's purpose in writing the passage?

A．To tell about his business experience.	B．To express the memory of his mother.
C．To tell about the dish that changed his life	D．To introduce a cook book written by Alice

【推荐3】When my friend suggested going to the thrift shop (慈善商店), instantly I thought “I hope no one I know sees me”. It was the same when my cousin commented on my new furniture and Japanese fine­bone­china bowls and asked where I got them. They were from the local thrift shop but instead I said “from the antique shop”.

Many people in my Greek-Cypriot community would look down on me if I said I shopped at the thrift shop.They may pity me, consider me a failure. Immigrants sacrificed their families and homes for a better life. Buying a house and having enough money to live comfortably, to educate children and see them also live comfortably, are a big part of the immigrant dream. But has this dream made us materialistic at the cost of our own planet?

Our love for purchasing the latest trendy clothes or furniture, and then donating them when we are tired of them has become normal. I was once like this. But after watching the documentary The True Cost, I learned donated clothes that don’t get sold are sent to developing nations, many of them ending up in landfills (垃圾填埋地)．In addition, your new dress requires electricity and materials to make. But if you buy a second-hand dress, there’s one less dress in a landfill and one less new dress to be made.

A friend introduced me to the thrift shop only a few years ago. My first item was a dress she gifted me. It was lovely and I loved it.Nobody could tell it was second­hand. Then I began to purchase more second-hand branded clothes of high quality. Once I visited a friend and was impressed by how she decorated her apartment. “It’s all second-hand,”she said. I couldn’t believe it. The truth is that a lot of things sold at the thrift shop are in new or almost new condition. That’s when I made the decision to only buy second­hand things.

Selling second­hand things isn’t anything new but what the planet needs is more buyers. There is so much excess (过度的) production in the world. So stop feeling ashamed, and let’s get shopping.

1. What kind of feelings is expressed in Paragraph 1?

A．Pride.	B．Embarrassment.
C．Delight.	D．Sympathy.

2. What are many people in the author’s community like?

A．They are probably materialistic.

B．They care about the environment.

C．They think highly of thrift shopping.

D．They look down upon immigrants.

3. What was the author encouraged to do after visiting her friend’s apartment?

A．Watch the documentary The True Cost.

B．Donate more to local charities.

C．Avoid shopping too much.

D．Stop buying new things.

4. What’s the purpose of the text?

A．To entertain.	B．To advertise.
C．To persuade.	D．To describe.

【推荐1】The Caballero family from Tempe, Arizona were outside on their regularly scheduled walk with their dog named Olive when they were joined by a tiny baby gray fox. Now, the fox mistook Olive for her mother and started following them around the neighborhood.

The fox was about 20 centimeters in length and had a gray coat. They later found out that she was just 6 weeks old at that point. The tiny fox followed them home, where the sprinklers (洒水器) were on at that moment, so she ran to have a drink, which is when Rosalyn noticed how thirsty she was as she couldn’t stop drinking.

Considering that the fox was far away from home and her mother, alone—something that is not common among foxes, the family decided it would be best to get in touch with Southwest Wildlife Conservation Center for help.

They found a box and caught the baby fox so that she wouldn’t wander off into danger. They got the fox inside the box without touching her. The kids were quick to name her Foxy.

The fox was soon brought to the Southwest Wildlife Conservation Center. She was first fed using syringes (注射器), but now has learned how to eat on her own from a bowl. “She appears to be doing quite well. She was a little dehydrated (脱水) when we got her, but otherwise healthy. She was already eating solid food. so we’ve managed to fatten her up a bit in the short time she’s been at Southwest Wildlife. She’s likely to grow up into a strong, healthy girl,” explained Jim Mitchell of the Southwest Wildlife Conservation Center.

Foxy is now in good hands, being taken care of. They are hoping to connect Foxy with some of the other foxes that came to the center recently to be released to the wild once they are strong enough.

1. Why did the little fox follow the family?

A．The little fox knew the family well.

B．The family had much food.

C．The fox thought Oliver was her mother.

D．Oliver took her mother away by mistake.

2. What is the common behavior (行为) of foxes?

A．Getting lost easily.	B．Living together.
C．Drinking a lot.	D．Not fearing people.

3. What does “they” refer to in the last paragraph?

A．The foxes.	B．The Caballero family.
C．The animal lovers.	D．The center workers.

4. What can we infer from the passage?

A．The Caballero family are kind and caring.

B．The family didn’t get along well with the little fox.

C．Foxy is still weak in The Southwest Wildlife Conservation Center.

D．The little fox can return to the wild at present.

【推荐2】Many of us like to dine out and treat ourselves to delicious food. We are used to choosing hearty (丰盛的), fat-filled dishes and sugar-charged desserts, which are not easily cooked at home.

The recent rise of light meals, however, gives diners a smarter choice. According to Economic Daily, low-calorie, low-fat and high-fiber meals have become popular in China’s restaurants and online delivery platforms.

The country saw a rapid expansion of restaurants specializing in light meals, from just 600 in 2017 to more than 3,500 in 2018. According to a report released by Meituan, a major online food delivery platform, the number of light meals ordered online also rose 75 percent from the previous year.

Having a light meal, however, doesn’t mean eating only vegetables. Different from the meat-free lifestyle, a typical light dish avoids oily, salty and spicy food. Instead, it contains things like boiled meat, whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Healthy nutrients (营养成分) are the theme of the light meal.

These dishes are useful for keeping healthy and controlling your weight. That’s probably why so many people, especially millennials (千禧一代), are into them. Diners see it as “a great way to avoid putting on weight,” wrote the Telegraph.

“After eating several light meals, I felt my appetite has shrunk (缩小). I now prefer light flavors,” Zou Jing, a college teacher in Wuhan, told China Daily. She shared a picture of her lunch: a mixture of beef, eggs, corn, mushrooms and cherry tomatoes.

These changes in eating behavior are connected to deeper changes in how people think about food, says Walter Willett, chair of the nutrition department at the Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, US. “Diet quality, not quantity, is important for both weight control and long-term well-being,” Willett told The New York Times.

So the next time you have a party with friends, try a light meal. It will satisfy not only your stomachs but maybe also your hearts.

1. What are light meals?

A．Fat-filled dishes.	B．Meat-free dishes.
C．Sugar-charged desserts.	D．Low-calorie and high-fiber meals.

2. How does the author show the popularity of light meals?

A．By listing numbers.	B．By giving examples.
C．By giving descriptions.	D．By showing other people’s opinions.

3. Why do many young people enjoy light meals, according to the article?

A．They are usually colorful.	B．They are simple and convenient.
C．They are cheaper than other meals.	D．They can help people control their weight.

4. What do we know from the second to last paragraph?

A．Light meals will stay popular for a while.

B．Our eating habits show our personalities.

C．There is a change in attitude toward healthy eating.

D．It’s important to eat the right amount of good food.

【推荐3】When little kids line up for school picture day, there’s the typical nervousness and joking as they get ready to show off their brightest smiles. Maybe they’re wearing their best clothes or even sporting a new haircut.

But the children who sit in front of the camera as part of Project Picture Day are a special kind of subject. They’re kids in low-income communities who get to be the focus of attention for maybe the very first time.

Jules Alonzo brainstormed with his professional photographer friend, Jen Campos, about a way they could combine a love for photography and working with children in poor areas around the world. They came up with a concept and, in 2015, they had a trial run in Africa, taking photos of kids at school.

“I had gone on a five-week volunteer project a few years back and still had connections there. We got in touch with a school director there who spoke English well and was happy to have us,” said Alonzo.“It turned out to be a huge success.”   Since then, the non-profit organisation has reached 1,765 students in 14 schools in three countries.

The Project Picture Day team of four to six members goes into a school and sets up two stations with a camera, a tripod (三脚架), and so on. Campos decides where the best spots will be — whether inside or outside the classroom or school. Then the team spends two or three days photographing the students and editing and printing their photos. They also take a class photo and faculty pictures. On the final day,each student receives a 4×6 school portrait.

“The majority of the students laugh. It’s funny and maybe even embarrassing seeing a photo of yourself. They love to show their peers and everyone gets a good laugh,” said Alonzo.

“There’s a sense of pride.What we didn’t expect and love to see is,sometimes the students will exchange photos with their best friends. It’s actually really cute. Others run to their parents to show them. Honestly, the reactions are the best part of all of this.”

1. In what aspect are children lining up for Project Picture Day special?

A．They are too nervous.

B．They are smiling happily.

C．They are from poor areas.

D．They are informally-dressed.

2. What do the underlined words “a concept” refer to?

A．A project to help poor kids complete their education.

B．A project to help children know the world more and better.

C．A project to help children dreaming of becoming film stars.

D．A project to help children who have few chances to take a photo.

3. What do we know about their trial run of Project Picture Day?

A．It lasted five days.

B．The place was in Asia.

C．It was not very successful.

D．They chose a school whose director spoke English well.

4. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5?

A．What they do in a school.

B．Who are to be taken photos of.

C．Why the organization is not for profit.

D．How they are warmly received in schools.