Bioluminescence, unlike other sources of light（the sun, fire, light bulbs）, which produce energy from heat, is defined as “the emission of light from living organisms（such as fireflies and bacteria）as the result of internal chemical reactions”. It is one of the wonders of nature that just about any of us can witness.
While a few organisms can produce bioluminescent light outside of the oceans（think fireflies）, most of the bioluminescence going on is in salt water. In fact, the vast majority of bioluminescent organisms evolved in order to provide light in deep sea marine ecosystems—either to light up prey or as a warning against predators（捕食者）—far below sunlight's reach into the water column.
Humans have been putting natural bioluminescence to work for a while—19th century coal miners would trap fireflies（instead of open-flame candles or lanterns that could cause explosion）in jars to light their way. But nowadays researchers are hard at work synthesizing（合成）the chemical reactions behind bioluminescence for a range of modern-day applications.
Using bioluminescence to help cure disease is a big focus of some biomedical research companies, given the promise of using heat-free organic light to detect metastasizing（转移的） cancer cells, stem cells, viruses or bacteria within living tissue. The military also has big hopes for applying the chemical reactions of bioluminescence to create light that won't cause the heat-seeking sensory equipment of the enemy whether on land，at sea or in the sky. Some other practical applications of bioluminescence include an effort to connect genes from bioluminescent organisms into trees that would light up when the sun sets.
While none of these “technologies” is yet ready to become mainstream, it's good to know that the future looks bright.
1. What exactly causes biolunninescence?| A．Heat energy. | B．Chemical reaction. | C．Salt water. | D．Living organism. |
| A．To ensure safety. | B．To seek comfort. |
| C．To provide convenience | D．To save money |
| A．The heat-seeking sensory equipment | B．A simple cure for all kinds of diseases. |
| C．An all-natural alternative to street lights. | D．An effective virus-killer within living tissues. |
| A．The good and bright future should be ours. |
| B．Bioluminescence is widely used in our life. |
| C．The technologies are good enough to apply. |
| D．The search is on for the use of organic light sources. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】“The mosquitofish is one of the 100 world’s worst invasive (侵入的) species, and present methods to kill it are too expensive. It will take too much time to successfully control the spread of the mosquitofish,” says Giovanni Polverino. “This global pest is a serious threat to many animals living in water. Instead of killing them one by one, we’re presenting an approach that can inform better strategies to control this global pest. We made their worst nightmare become real: a robot that scares the mosquitofish but not the other animals around it.”
In the presence of the robotic fish, mosquitofish would stay closer to each other and spend more time at the center of the testing area. They were unwilling to swim to unknown waters. They also swam more crazily, with frequent and sharp turns, than those who haven’t met the robot. They swam away from the robot and back to their living area. The influence of fear lasted. The scared fish were less active, ate more, and froze longer, presenting signs of anxiety that continued weeks after their last encounter (相遇) with the robot.
For the tadpoles (蝌蚪) the mosquitofish usually hunt for food, the robot’s presence was a change for the better. Tadpoles have poor eyesight. They don’t see the robot well. Because the robot changed the behavior of the mosquitofish, the tadpoles didn’t have predators (捕食者) at their tails anymore and they were more willing to explore in the testing area. “It turned out to be a positive thing for tadpoles. Once freed from the danger of having mosquitofish around, they were not scared anymore. They’re happy.”
After five weeks of brief encounters between the mosquitofish and the robot, the team found that the fish spent more energy towards escaping than reproducing. Male fish’s bodies became thin.
“While successful at preventing mosquitofish, the lab-grown robotic fish is not ready to be put into the wild,” says Maurizio Porfiri. The team will still have to overcome technical challenges.
1. What do we know about mosquitofish?| A．It is the most dangerous species. |
| B．It costs too much money to feed. |
| C．It is difficult to be seen by people. |
| D．It is harmful to many animals in water. |
| A．The mosquitofish’s living area. |
| B．The uses of the mosquitofish. |
| C．The mosquitofish’s reaction to the robotic fish. |
| D．The encounter between mosquitofish and tadpoles. |
| A．They had better behavior. |
| B．They had no more killers. |
| C．They were more adventurous. |
| D．They could see the robot clearly. |
| A．Robots Use Fear To Fight Invasive Fish |
| B．Mosquitofish Are The Most Dangerous Animals |
| C．Invasive Fish Are Spreading All Over The World |
| D．Robots Fish Are Hunting And Killing Mosquitofish |
【推荐2】The regular world presented to us by our five senses—you could call it reality 1.0—is not always the most user-friendly of places. We get lost in unfamiliar cities; we meet people whose language we don’t understand. So why not try the improved version: augmented reality (AR) or reality 2.0? AR technology adds computer-produced images (图像) on the real world via a mobile phone camera or special video glasses.
Early forms of AR are already here. With the right downloads, smart phones can deliver information about nearby ATMs and restaurants and other points of interest. But that’s just the beginning. A few years from now the quantity of information available will have increased hugely. You will not only see that there’s a Chinese restaurant on the next block, but you will be able to see the menu and read reviews of it.
This is where the next revolution in computing will take place: in the interface (界面) between the real world and the information brought to us via the Internet. Imagine bubbles floating before your eyes, filled with cool information about anything and everything that you see in front of you.
Let’s jump ahead to ten years from now. A person trying to fix their car won’t be reading a book with pictures; they will be wearing a device that projects animated 3-D computer graphics onto the equipment under repair, labelling parts and giving step-by-step guidance.
The window onto the AR world can be a smart phone or special video glasses. But in ten years’ time these will have been replaced by contact lenses (隐形眼镜) with tiny LEDs, which present something at a readable distance in front of the eye. So a deaf person wearing these lenses will be able to see what people are saying.
The question is, while we are all absorbed in our new augmented reality worlds, how will we be communicating with each other?
1. What does the text mainly talk about?| A．The next information technology revolution. |
| B．Early forms of augmented reality technology. |
| C．The differences between reality 1.0 and reality 2.0. |
| D．The relationship between people living in reality 2.0. |
| A．The menu. | B．The block. |
| C．The revolution. | D．The restaurant. |
| A．Protect people’s eyes. | B．Show text and images. |
| C．Warn users of dangers. | D．Replace video glasses. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Disapproving. |
| C．Favourable. | D．Ambiguous. |
【推荐3】In today's world, technology is a part of daily life. In order to keep civilization hand in hand with technological advances, and to understand the connected future they will have, children in schools have to be taught technical skills. But how can teachers integrate (使……融入)technology into their classroom? Here are a couple of ways.
Teach acceptance of connected learning. In the information age, it's only right to teach kids how to jump at connected learning.
Use a video chat system to teleconference. The idea of pen pals can be strengthened by video chat systems.
Develop a class wiki or blog. In order to help get your students active in class lessons, you can use a blog or wiki to make them comment on lessons, topics and current events. Students should also be allowed to create new posts about news or their thoughts.
Create a podcast (播客) for your class. Technology is always about being seen.
| A．This is a great way to improve creative writing. |
| B．You can also upload videos to a private channel. |
| C．However, it's wrong to think it's only about being seen. |
| D．This will show them how to solve complex math problems. |
| E．This includes using technology as a tool or a way to learn new concepts. |
| F．For example, you can teach children when it's alright to connect and how to act when on camera. |
| G．These systems can also be used to connect with students from other classrooms that are far away. |
【推荐1】We are living in a consumer society. What’s great about shopping is that it relaxes us. If you are curious about what we buy the most, then take a look at our list of some best-selling consumer products in the world.
Coconut oil
Have you already started using coconut oil? If you haven’t, you will probably find a way that suits you because the beauty of coconut oil is that it is very useful. You can use it for your skin, as a lip-balm (润唇膏), makeup remover, body cream, etc. You can use it for cooking, too. This natural organic product is certainly one of the most popular products this year.
Bluetooth speakers
Bluetooth speakers are quite popular lately, and this is due to the fact that they are easy to carry and allow you to enjoy songs from your phone or another device. You can take them anywhere you go, and that’s why they are one of the hottest selling products this year.
Phone power banks
What can we do when there’s so much to see on the Internet and so many people to talk to? In fact, we use our smartphones so much that we hardly have the time to charge them at home. That’s why we need phone power banks, which have proven to be one of the hottest selling items. This trending product will charge your phone anywhere anytime.
E-cigarettes
E-cigarettes are the best replacement for regular cigarettes because they are supposed to be less dangerous than old-fashioned smoking. They are sometimes referred to as vaporizers (蒸发器), and they are getting more popular among people who wish to lessen the damaging effects of tobacco.
1. What do we know about coconut oil?| A．It has no side effects. | B．It is used to cure diseases.. |
| C．It has many functions. | D．It is not popular among women. |
| A．travel a lot | B．have no cash |
| C．have no cellphones | D．want to be fashionable |
| A．Green. | B．Practical. | C．Advanced. | D．Healthy. |
【推荐2】Animals grow up in different ways. Some newborn animals are helpless, for they can’t take care of themselves, but their mothers protect them. A newborn kangaroo is very small. It is only a few centimeters long. It closes its eyes and doesn’t have hair. It stays safe in its mother’s pouch (育儿袋) for a long time. A newborn monkey cannot walk. Its mother carries it everywhere.
Other baby animals can walk soon after they’re born. They learn to run with their mothers when danger is near. A baby zebra can run, an hour after it is born.
Some baby animals are born in a place that is safe. Baby wolves are usually born in big holes with little light. Other baby animals are born in the open. A baby elephant is often born on open land.
Animals that drink their mothers’ milk are called mammals. A mother bear’s milk is rich. Baby bears have milk for a few months. This is the same as baby zebras. As baby animals grow, they need solid (固体的) food. Baby lions eat what their mother can catch!
1. According to paragragh1, some newborn animals feel helpless because they can’t _________.| A．eat any food | B．walk by themselves |
| C．look after themselves | D．drink water |
| A．it is very small | B．it is very dangerous |
| C．it closes its eyes | D．it can’t walk |
| A．open | B．bright | C．safe | D．dry |
| A．mothers’ milk | B．solid food | C．smaller animals | D．water |
【推荐3】Do you have imagination? Do you like to solve problems? Can you? If so, you could be the next great inventor. “But I’m just a kid,” you might say! Don’t worry about a little thing like age. For example, one famous inventor — Benjamin Franklin — got his start when he was only 12.
So you don’t have to be an adult to be an inventor. One thing you do need, though, is something that kids have plenty of: curiosity and imagination.
So what should you do if you have what is a great idea for an invention? Talk to a friend or family member about it. Get input from others about your idea. Then ask them to help you create a working model — called a prototype— of your idea.
Once you have a prototype, you can test it. Sometimes your idea turns out to be not as great as you thought. At other times, though, you realize it is a good idea and your prototype can help you figure out how to make it even better.
If your idea is really a good one, an adult can help you contact companies that might be interested in it. You will also want an adult’s help to get a patent for your idea, so that it is protected and can’t be stolen by someone else.
If you need some inspiration, consider these kids and their inventions：
Jeanie Low invented the Kiddie Stool when she was just 11. It’s a folding stool that fits under the kitchen sink. Kids can unfold it and use it to reach the sink all by themselves.
At the age of 15, Louis Braille invented the system named after him that allows the blind to read.
Chelsea Lanmon received a patent when she was just 8 for the “pocket diaper”, a new type of diaper that includes a pocket for holding baby wipes and powder.
1. By saying “But I’m just a kid”, you probably mean you ________.| A．have to learn knowledge from other people | B．can do anything though you are young |
| C．are old enough to become an inventor | D．are too young to achieve anything |
| A．a prototype—a patent—a good idea—an invention |
| B．a good idea—a prototype—an invention—a patent |
| C．a patent—a prototype—a good idea—an invention |
| D．an invention—a good idea—a patent—a prototype |
| A．Benjamin Franklin. | B．Jeanie Low. |
| C．Louis Braille. | D．Chelsea Lanmon. |
| A．Kids have curiosity and imagination | B．There are some world-famous inventors |
| C．Kids are exactly like adults in a way | D．It is possible for kids to be inventors |
【推荐1】Yesterday was my final day as an English language assistant in Paris. I have loved every single moment of my time teaching, and could not have asked for a better school, with the most wonderful students. When applying to be a language assistant. I was a little worried about what the students would be like.
Upon arrival, I found the easiest approach to creating lesson plans was to focus on what was happening right here and now. For example, when it was Halloween in the UK, I found plenty of brainchildren to help me teach my students all about the different cultures and traditions they do not have in France. They loved it! And now, seven months later, it's all over!
The whole experience has been amazing. I highly recommend being a language assistant. I don't want to become a teacher，and I didn't before I arrived, but the skills and experience I have gained from these entire seven months of working is indescribable. Now, I'm finding myself still walking down the street and having ideas pop into my mind and saying, “Oh! 1 can teach mv class about that next week!” It's very bizarre(异乎寻常的).
I think this first week of having no work and not needing to think of potential lesson plans will be the hardest，and it was surprisingly difficult to say goodbye to most of my classes. But deep down，I know that my time teaching in Paris has given me so much experience and a completely new outlook on how to communicate with younger people with different needs and learning styles.
1. Where did the author work as a teaching assistant?| A．In America. | B．In England. | C．In France. | D．In Canada. |
| A．Clever children. | B．Different assistants. |
| C．Successful experience. | D．Sudden good ideas. |
| A．The writer thought it useless. | B．The writer liked it very much. |
| C．The writer found it very strange. | D．The writer had no idea about it. |
| A．My Teaching Experience in Paris |
| B．An English Language Assistant in Paris |
| C．How to Communicate with Younger People |
| D．How to Become an Amazing Language Teacher |
| Spire Primary School | ||||
| Home | About us | Curriculum | Newsletter | Contact us |
| Newsletter Principal’s Message Dear parents, I write to you this week to introduce a new idea for us all to think about. ‘Oh, no!’ I hear you say, ‘She’s got another idea!’ It is true that I often suggest new ideas, especially in areas that affect your children’s future, such as the preservation of our planet. We are the only local school that has a ‘Walk or Pedal to School Day’ once a week, rather than once a month or even once a term! We have four different bins for our waste products, not just three! But I think we at Spire can do more. We are responsible for the future of our world. I have become increasingly concerned about the amount of unnecessary packaging in our everyday lives. If we don’t do something about this now, the damage to the environment will be enormous. Last week I walked around the grounds at recess time, talking as I often do with any student who wanted to chat - many did, I am glad to say. I kept seeing your children holding little plastic packets with a few biscuits in one side and some cheese spread in the other. When the children had eaten, the little packets became waste material! I found myself wondering why those biscuits could not have been spread with cheese at home and brought to school in a re-usable container. Other children were drinking juice from cardboard boxes. Why not a washable plastic bottle? At our canteen I saw a child buy a sushi roll and apply soy sauce from a cute little plastic fish. That fish ended up on the ground until I asked the student to put it in the bin - more rubbish! Why not use a large bottle from which the sauce could be shared? (For that matter, how awful are those little tomato sauce containers given with meat pies – very dangerous if flicked into your eye!) I know how busy your lives are but you and I need to give children the same message about unnecessary packaging. How many nights a week do you eat takeaway? Plastic boxes of beef in black bean sauce, plastic bags of lettuce with the paper bag of spring rolls, little plastic containers of sauces. All these things increase the amount of waste. I am told you can buy carrots that are already peeled, washed and sliced - in another plastic bag - but why not prepare your own vegetables for the lunch boxes? I know reducing packaging will be a challenge at school and at home but it is one we must confront. I will be introducing a curriculum unit to teach about sustainability. As usual, your comments are welcome. Denise Walker, Principal | ||||
| Comments (1) Denise, you need to reconsider. It is a great pity if we don’t enjoy the benefits of 21st century living because of an unclear idea about what’s good for the environment. My partner and I have always supported your green ideas about the environment. Our kids walk to school every day! They put their rubbish in the correct bins. But mornings are already chaotic in our house. How much worse would it be if we had to spread cheese on biscuits (and won’t they go soft)? You wouldn’t believe how many plastic bottles we have lost during our time at the school. And filling them - another task taking time in the morning. Both of us parents have to get to work as well. Finally, why shouldn’t parents have the occasional night without cooking? Takeaway food is often a great help to busy people. Louise | ||||
1. The underlined sentence She’s got another idea’ implies that ________.
| A．she is a clever principal in others’ eyes |
| B．parents are grateful to the principal’s ideas |
| C．parents are impatient with her new suggestion |
| D．she attaches great importance to children’s future |
| A．asking questions that force the reader to think |
| B．appealing to a feeling of sympathy from the reader |
| C．appealing to fear from the reader because of the danger |
| D．listing common packaging unneeded for students’ food |
| A．To introduce a curriculum to protect the environment. |
| B．To prove her responsibility in protecting the environment. |
| C．To suggest reducing packing to preserve the environment. |
| D．To attack the damage students have done to the environment. |
| A．A student. | B．A parent. |
| C．A dustman. | D．An expert. |
| A．indifferent | B．critical |
| C．appreciative | D．professional |
| A．The principal has done some things unique to her school. |
| B．The principal has obtained support from parents and students. |
| C．The principal’s latest idea brings much inconvenience in Louise’s eyes. |
| D．The principal’s latest idea is not good for the environment in Louise’s opinion. |
【推荐3】What’s On?
Electric Underground
7:30 pm-1:00 am Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract? If so, come early to the talk at 7:30 pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.
Simon’s Workshop
5:00 pm-7:30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon each week will give you the confidence to be funny.
Gee Whizz
8:30 pm-10:30 pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7:00 pm with drinks and snacks.
Charlotte Stone
8:00 pm-11:00 pm Pizza World Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta. Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer and white wine.
1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?| A．Charlotte Stone. | B．Gee Whizz. | C．Jules Skye. | D．James Pickering. |
| A．The Cyclops Theatre. | B．Victoria Stage. | C．Kaleidoscope. | D．Pizza World. |
| A．It teaches comedy writing. | B．It is held every Wednesday. |
| C．It is run by a comedy club. | D．It lasts three hours each time. |
【推荐1】Welcome To Create With Joy
Create With Joy is an inspirational lifestyle blog that celebrates faith, family and creativity in all its aspects!Inside you'll find crafts to inspire you, Create recipes to attract you and books to enrich you.You'll also find lots of stories With Joy about our precious cats!
Connecting readers from all corners of the world is important to us too! Each week,we build community,empower bloggers to focus on their creativity,and connect people who share common interests through our popular blog parties!
So come to this website—look around—make yourself at home.We hope to light your passion and inspire your potential creativity!
We Are All Creative
Creativity is not necessarily a special gift from God for most people.It is not a ability of birth but an acquired ability.The real question is,"How will you develop creativity in life?"
Copyright(版权）Notice
Create With Joy features original writing,art and photography.All contents are shared merely for your personal inspiration.This website is copyrighted;all rights are reserved.You may not save,download,copy or reproduce any part of this website in any way or form,without prior written permission.
1. What do we know about Create With Joy?| A．It covers a wealth of contents. | B．It is aimed at keeping precious cats. |
| C．It's a magazine of changing people's lifestyles. | D．It's a chat room connecting all walks of life of the world. |
| A．Feel free and be creative. | B．Stay at home and tell stories. |
| C．Be free to do anything they like. | D．Join parties with people of different hobbies. |
| A．Save photos. | B．Enjoy contents. |
| C．Copy writing. | D．Download articles. |
【推荐2】Tomato Festival
Started in 2005, the Tomato Festival has grown into a local tradition in Malta. In recent years, the festival has added amusement parkstyle rides and a yearly Creature Feature, which screens old horrible movies. There are also dance competitions, parades and pancake breakfast. Third weekend in August.
Address: 833 Tinkham Rd, Fountain Park, Wilbraham, Massachusetts 01095
Phone: (413)599-0010
Brat Days
Don’t mistake this festival for a day filled with poorly behaved children. Begun in 1953, the gathering is the biggest festival in the city each year and features more than 50 stands (摊位) selling the sausage, as well as a contest to see who can quickly eat the most bratwurst (德国式小香肠) in ten minutes.Early August.
Address: 17th and New Jersey sts, Kiwanis Park, Sheboygan, Wisconsin 53081
Phone: (920)457－9491
Hope Watermelon Festival
The festival dates back to the 1920s, when many trains went through this small town and local watermelon growers would sell their watermelon to parched travellers. These days, the festival sees a Watermelon Queen crowned (加冠的) and sometimes a worldrecord watermelon grown. There are also more than 300 stands selling arts and crafts from a sixstate area, as well as a car show and the Watermelon Olympics. Early August.
Address: 108 W 3rd St, Hope, Arkansas 71801
Phone: (870) 777-3640
Oyster Festival (牡蛎节)
Featuring appearances from tall ships and oyster boats, this festival has regularly drawn 60,000 visitors a year since it began in 1978. More than 3,000 volunteers make the festival possible each year. Norwalk is less than a twohour drive from many of New England’s larger cities, making it easy to attend the festival during a trip to New York or Hartford. Weekend after Labor Day.
Address: Sea view Ave, Veteran’s Park, East Norwalk, Connecticut 06855
Phone: (800) 866-7925
1. Which of the following festivals has the longest history?| A．Oyster Festival. |
| B．Tomato Festival. |
| C．Brat Days. |
| D．Hope Watermelon Festival. |
| A．The Creature Feature. |
| B．The Watermelon Olympics. |
| C．The Eatingbratwurst Contest. |
| D．Dance Competitions. |
| A．Brat Days |
| B．Tomato Festival |
| C．Hope Watermelon Festival |
| D．Oyster Festival |
【推荐3】Here are some of the top writing contests for those who are interested in writing.
Young Lions Fiction Award
Award amount(金额): $ 5.000
Deadline: Usually in September
Fee: Free
The Young Lions Fiction Award was created for the next generation of fiction writers. Five finalists are recognized, with one taking home the grand prize of $ 5, 000. To qualify, the author must be 35 or younger and submit (提交) a novel or a collection of short stories.
Ocean Awareness Contest
Award amount: Scholarships tip to$10, 000
Deadline: December 15, 2020
Fee: Free
The Ocean Awareness Contest aims to recognize writers while raising awareness about the climate crisis. You can submit visual art, film, music, poetry, or multimedia pieces. You can even submit as a club, class or group if you want.
Lewis Center Play Contest
Award amount: $100 to $500
Deadline: March 31 each year
Fee: Free
Anyone can submit a 10-minute play in the Lewis Center Ten-Minute Play Contest. The play can be at most 10 pages and can be of any topic. The plays will be judged by Princeton University faculty members.
53-Word Story Contest
Award amount: $1, 000 to be used towards your higher education
Deadline: 21st of each month
Fee: Free
In the contest hosted by Prime Number Magazine and Press 53, writers are put to the test and have to respond to a prompt(提示)with a 53-word story. The responses must be 53 words exactly-no more and no less. Only stories-i. e. no poems-are permitted, and only one submission per writer is allowed.
1. What's special about the Young Lions Fiction Award?| A．It's free of charge. | B．It offers the biggest prize. |
| C．It takes place on a yearly basis. | D．It sets a limit on the authors' age. |
| A．Time length. | B．Speed. | C．Memory. | D．Word number. |
| A．53-Word Story Contest. | B．Young Lions Fiction Award. |
| C．Ocean Awareness Contest. | D．Lewis Center Play Contest. |
