Some Famous People With Surprising Achievements
Hedy Lamarr—Wi-Fi
Austrian-born film star Hedy Lamarr was a box-office hit during the Hollywood Golden Age in the late 1930s and early 1940s.During World War II, she worked on a torpedo guidance system which forms the basis of today's Bluetooth and Wi-Fi communications. Patented (获得专利权) in 1942 together with composer George Anthiel, their “frequency hopping” de-vice was used during the war. Surprisingly, neither Lamarr nor Anthiel profited from their invention during their lifetimes.
Uri Geller—Radiation Shield (辐射防护屏)
As an Israeli-British magician, Uri Geller is best-known for using “mind power” to bend spoons on live TV. However, a lesser-known achievement is his invention of a radiation shield to protect cell phone users from the radiation. Patented in 1998, the shield covers the device completely to protect users from the harmful effects of radiation from cell phones and other handheld devices.
Jamie Lee Curtis—Baby Diaper (尿布)
Jamie Lee Curtis was a screen legend. She has featured in many movies during her career. With a busy acting schedule, it's quite surprising that she found time to turn her hand to invention. Curtis actually patented a baby diaper during 1980s, aiming at improving the traditional diaper design.
Gary Burghoff—Fishing Equipment
American actor Gary Burghoff is best-known for his role in the 1970s'TV series M*A*S*H. Burghoff also has a gift for inventing things. He holds two patents for “Chum Magic,” a fishing device that draws fish toward the boat, as well as a fishing pole.
1. When did Uri Geller get the patent on his invention?A.In 1930. | B.In 1940. |
C.In 1970. | D.In 1998. |
A.They are actresses. | B.They are magicians. |
C.They were born in Austria. | D.They got their patents in 1980. |
A.Hedy Lamarr's. | B.Uri Geller's. |
C.Jamie Lee Curtis's. | D.Gary Burghoff's. |
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【推荐1】Solar power is now the cheapest source of electricity in history, according to a 2020 report. But there’s something holding this clean energy powerhouse back: Space. Unlike fossil fuel power stations, solar farms need a lot of room. While traditional solar farms sometimes attract arguments due to the amount of land they use, floating solar farms occupy much less valuable space above bodies of water.
“As demand for land increases, water bodies are increasingly being targeted for renewable energy. Deployment(部署)of solar on water increases electricity production."said Giles Exley,PhD researcher and lead author from Lancaster University. The research team set about computer modelling using the MyLake simulation programme and data collected by the UK’s Centre for Ecology and Hydrology from England’s largest lake, Windermere.
Their results show that floating solar arrays(阵列)can cool water temperatures by shading the water from the sun. At scale, this could help to mitigate against harmful effects caused by global warming, which is friendly to the environment. However, some complex conditions can result in the bottom layer of water becoming deoxygenated(脱氧的)and makes water quality worse-if floating solar farms are stationed.
“Floating solar could help to reduce the negative effects of global warming which will influence on these bodies of water,”Exley said,“however, there are also real risks of disadvantageous effects, such as deoxygenation causing undesirable increases in nutrient concentrations and killing fish. We need to do more researches to understand the possibility of both positive and negative impacts.”
The larger the solar equipment, the greater the effect on water temperature increases. Further studies will be needed to decide the suitable size array and design and their effects for individual lakes and artificial lakes.
1. What do we know about floating solar in the first paragraph?A.The electricity of floating solar is cheaper than the solar power’s. |
B.Floating solar farms could save more space efficiently. |
C.Floating solar has aroused greatly controversy around the public. |
D.Fossil fuel power stations take larger room than the solar farms. |
A.Reduce. |
B.Support. |
C.Increase. |
D.Promote. |
A.There is no negative effects to develop floating solar. |
B.The research team collect the information from computer. |
C.Floating solar can get rid of the drawbacks of global warming. |
D.The water temperatures under the floating solar arrays are lower. |
A.To do more researches. |
B.To install more floating solar. |
C.To design different floating solar. |
D.To measure the size of the floating solar. |
【推荐2】An easily biodegradable(可生物降解的)material that could be “part of a global answer” to single-use plastic pollution has won its inventor, British designer Lucy Hughes , the international James Dyson Award.
Hughes' Marina Tex bioplastic is strong and flexible, making it a possible alternative for single-use packaging such as bags and sandwich wrappers. Its key ingredients are fish scales and skin, so it can break down in home food waste or compost bins.
Hughes created Marina Tex for her final-year project in the product design course at the University of Sussex. She had set out to create something using waste rather than unused materials, which led her to the UK's fishing industry. She ran more than 100 experiments to improve the bioplastic mixture, mostly using the kitchen stove in her student accommodation.
The fish scales and skin removed during processing usually encl up burnt or buried in landfill. And with “about 500, 000 tonnes of such waste produced by the country's fisheries annually”, it seems possible that Marina Tex could be used largely in industrial production. The material is low-energy to produce and doesn’t consume the earth's natural resources considering it's based on existing waste. It is also strong, boasting a higher tensile(可拉伸的)strength than the current material most commonly used for plastic bags.
British inventor James Dyson, who every year selects the grand prize winner in the international student design competition that bears his name, said that the material had the potential to replace traditional single-use plastics. “Marina Tex elegantly solves two problems:the ubiquity(无处不在)of single-use plastic and fish waste.” he said. “Further research and development will ensure that Marina Tex evolves further, and I hope it becomes part of a global answer to the abundance of single-use plastic waste.”
1. What do we know about Marina Tex bioplastic?A.It is used globally. | B.It feels pretty hard. |
C.It is made from fish. | D.It can break down easily. |
A.To run experiments. | B.To promote fishing industry. |
C.To create something special. | D.To finish her project at the university. |
A.Promising. | B.Uncertain. | C.Costly. | D.Dark. |
A.Existing Fish Waste |
B.Ways to Fight Plastic Pollution |
C.New Bioplastic Made from Fish Waste |
D.An International Student Design Competition |
【推荐3】Fairy tales perform many functions. They entertain, encourage imagination, and teach problem -solving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social rules that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology (GIT) believes it has found a way to turn the instructive fable (寓言) into a moral lesson that artificial intelligence (AI) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.
This, the researchers hope, will help prevent the intelligent robots from harming or even killing humanity, which is predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology, including Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk and Bill Cates.
Mark Riedl, an associate professor of interactive computing at Georgia Tech believes that the collected stories of different cultures not only teach children how to behave well but also teach robots how to get rid of violent or dangerous behaviour and help them make choices that won't harm humans and still achieve the intended purpose.
The system is called “Quixote”. The experiment involves going to a chemist to buy some medicine for a human who needs it as soon as possible. The robot has three choices. It can wait in line; it can communicate with the chemist politely and buy the medicine; it can steal the medicine. Without any further instructions, the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of getting the medicine is to steal it. Quixote offers a reward signal for waiting in line and politely buying the medicine and a punishment signal for taking it without permission. In this way, it learns the “moral” way to behave in that situation.
Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function. It's a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?A.The moral lessons learned by a robot. | B.The coexistence of human beings and AI. |
C.The new function of the fairy tales on AI. | D.The different applications of the fairy tales. |
A.The potential threat from robots. | B.The problems with moral lessons. |
C.The high costs of AI development. | D.The difficulties of the GIT scientists. |
A.By offering the robot rewards. | B.By sending the robot different signals. |
C.By helping the robot make right choice. | D.By giving the robot specific instructions. |
A.The development of robots is still in a baby step. |
B.Robots should have the ability to understand the fairy tales. |
C.The more functions the robot has, the better Quixote works. |
D.It is necessary to train robots to follow the social values. |
【推荐1】If you think about World Heritage Sites, you probably think of places associated with ancient art and culture and historical buildings. And of course, many of these are on the World Heritage List (WHL). These include remains of ancient cultures like Cuzco in Peru or the rock city of Petra in Jordan as well as old city centers such as Rome in Italy. Also common are places of artistic or cultural significance, like the Stonehenge stone circle in England. But the WHL contains a lot of sites that are not so obvious. Let’s look at a few of the more unusual sites on the WHL and why it is important to preserve them.
Citadel of Haiti
These monuments were built at the end of the 19th century when Haiti became independent and the many thousands of black slaves in Haiti were free for the first time. These ex-slaves built the monuments, which the WHL describes as “a universal symbol of liberty”.
Borders of France and Spain
This is an area of great natural beauty and the mountains have many interesting geological formations.
But it is also an area of small farms. The WHL has listed the site because it shows us about past European society through its landscape of villages, farms, fields, up land pastures and mountain roads.
The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway
This railway in India was opened in 1881 and is still operating today. It crosses a difficult area of mountain landscape and it is a great example of railway engineering. The WHL says that it is “the first, and still the most outstanding, example of a hill passenger railway.”
The city of Brasilia
Brasilia is a capital city that was created from nothing in 1956. The WHL calls it “a land mark in the history of town planning”. The different areas of the city and the buildings themselves were all designed at the same time so that they would harmonize with each other.
1. What’s the function of the examples of World Heritage Sites in paragraph 1?A.To highlight the importance of WHL. |
B.To exemplify sites of artistic and cultural value. |
C.To compare the differences between various sites. |
D.To draw readers’ attention to more unique sites on the WHL. |
A.Former slaves. | B.Citizens in Haiti. |
C.Active revolutionaries. | D.Haiti government. |
A.Citadel of Haiti. | B.Borders of France and Spain. |
C.The city of Brasilia. | D.The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway. |
【推荐2】When first-time visitors imagine California, one of the first things that come to mind is likely the beach. California offers hundreds of beaches to choose from. To help visitors decide which coast to travel to, we have listed four beach towns California offers.
Laguna
One glance at Laguna Beach can leave the viewers amazed at its beauty. Yet there is more to it than its good looks. Laguna features more than 100 art galleries and studios, which won’t let viewers down. Summer is Laguna’s peak travel season when the majority of its yearly festivals take place. Winter will likely bring discounts, but you won’t be able to swim at the beach.
Monterey
What Monterey lacks in swimmable shorelines it makes up for in breathtaking scenery. Monterey State beach is an underrated attraction, offering 4 miles of quiet beach, where you’ll find relatively few beachgoers. Monterey’s central California location subjects it to mild temperatures during the winter, making Monterey an attractive destination year-round.
Pismo
This small beach town offers little to do other than beach activities, but that isn’t necessarily a bad thing. It offers outdoor activities throughout the year, including surfing, kayaking, surf fishing and swimming. Don’t forget to see butterflies at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove if you’re in town between late October and late February. The best time to visit is during the fall, which offers warm temperatures.
Pfeiffer
As an ideal place for photographers, Pfeiffer Beach impresses with its awesome surrounding cliffs and collection of rock formations. Keep in mind, though, that the beach is not safe for swimming due to its strong currents and underlying rocks. The best time to visit is from September through November when the summer tourists have returned home.
1. What distinguishes Laguna from the other three beach towns?A.Its various fun beach activities. | B.Its plentiful galleries and studios. |
C.Its relatively less crowded beach. | D.Its splendid and awesome scenery. |
A.Laguna. | B.Monterey. | C.Pismo. | D.Pfeiffer. |
A.In a travel brochure. | B.In a Geography textbook. |
C.In a visitor’s journal. | D.In a photography magazine. |
【推荐3】Best of British: Outdoor Cinemas
Luna Beach Cinema, Brighton
On the beaches of Brighton this summer, you can enjoy the lapping of waves as you take in Finding Dory, Moana and Sharknado over a month-long residency. This spot boasts the highest definition outdoor LED screen in the country. stretching to an impressive 33 feet!
Moonlight Flicks, Chester
The biggest outdoor cinema in the North West of England, Moonlight Flicks will be showing some serious blockbusters (大片)this summer, including A Star Is Born and singalong crowd-pleaser, The Greatest Showman. Cinephiles can gather on the lawn and plug into wireless headphones to ensure perfect sound quality.
Rooftop Film Club, London
Enjoy cult classics and family favorites while looking out on a view of London's skyline with the city's unique Rooftop Film Club. The current programme only runs until June 30 and our top picks include The Breakfast Club, Fargo and a special 65th anniversary showing of Rear Window.
Chirk Castle, Wrexham, North Wales
The 11th-century Chirk Castle was first built under the reign o£ Edward I, but now it's the destination for Silly Walk superfans, as they put on screenings of the cult classic, Monty Python and the Holy Grail. Has there ever been a more perfect surrounding to enjoy the comedy capers of King Arthur and his dozy squire?
1. What can you enjoy in the biggest outdoor cinema in the North West of England?A.Finding Dory | B.A Star Is Born |
C.The Breakfast Club | D.Monty Python and the Holy Grail. |
A.Luna Beach Cinema, Brighton. | B.Moonlight Flicks, Chester. |
C.Rooftop Film Club, London. | D.Chirk Castle, Wrexham, North Wales |
A.To encourage summer activities. | B.To advertise several cult classics. |
C.To recommend some blockbusters. | D.To introduce outdoor cinemas. |
【推荐1】Below are four environmental activists in the 21st century who have been using the Internet effectively to create awareness about environment related issues and launch various environmental campaigns.
Dick Strawbridge
Birthdate: September 3,1959
Birthplace: Myanmar, Burma
Dick Strawbridge is a British engineer, television personality, and former army officer. In 1993,he was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire for his service in Northern Ireland. After his military career, Strawbridge has established himself as a TV personality, appearing on several TV programs. He is popularly referred to as Colonel Dick in the media.
Jean-Michel Cousteau
Birthdate: May 6,1938
Birthplace: Toulon
He is a French environmentalist, oceanographic explorer, film producer, and educator. He is also a devoted advocate of a world without nuclear weapons. Cousteau is also credited with founding an education organization and marine conservation called Ocean Futures Society. Inspired by his documentary Voyage to Kure, President George W. Bush took measures to safeguard the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument.
Vandana Shiva
Birthdate: November 5, 1952
Birthplace: Dehradun
Indian environmental activist and physicist Vandana Shiva is known for her anti-GMO (反转基因) campaigns. She is the founder of RFSTN, which promotes sustainable agriculture, and is against globalization. She developed an interest in environmentalism after witnessing a forest at her hometown being cleared for a project.
Medha Patkar
Birthdate: December 1,1954
Birthplace: Mumbai
Medha Patkar is an Indian social activist known for her work concerning several agricultural issues raised by farmers in India. She is also known for popularizing the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) movement which opposes the construction of large dams across the Narmada River. Medha Patkar is the recipient(接收者)of many awards including the Mother Teresa Award.
1. What can be known about Dick Strawbridge?A.He once served in the army. | B.He directed many TV programs. |
C.He established himself as a lawyer. | D.He was the oldest of the four activists. |
A.Dick Strawbridge’s personality. | B.Medha Patkar’s NBA movement. |
C.Vandana Shiva’s life experience. | D.Jean-Michel Cousteau’s documentary. |
A.They object to building large dams across rivers. |
B.They work to deal with the issues related to agriculture. |
C.They are social activists known for anti-GMO campaigns. |
D.They are winners of the Mother Teresa Award. |
【推荐2】One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience. This idea has inspired the award-winning photographer Andrew Zuckerman. He interviewed and took photos of fifty over-sixty-five-year-olds all over the world. His project explores various aspects of their lives. The photos and interviews are now available on our website.
Click on the introductions to read the complete interviews.
Let us now have a culture of peace.
----Federico Mayor Zaragoza, Spain
Federico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a doctorate in pharmacy (药学) from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1958. After many years spent in politics, he became Director General of UNESCO in 1987. In 1999, he created the Foundation for a Culture of Peace, of which he is now the president. In addition to many scientific publications, he has published four collections of poems and several books of essays.
Writing is a discovery.
----Nadine Gordimer, South Africa
Due to a weak heart, Nadine Gordimer attended school and university briefly. She read widely and began writing at an early age. She published her first short story at the age of fifteen, and has completed a large number of works, which have been translated into forty languages. In 1991, Gordimer won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Jazz is about the only form of art today.
----Dave Brubeck, USA
Dave Brubeck studied music at the University of the Pacific and graduated in 1942.After World War Two he was encouraged to play jazz. In 1951, he recorded his first album (专辑). Brubeck’s 1959 album has become a jazz standard. He received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996.
For more figures CLICK HERE.
1. Why did Andrew Zuckerman choose the fifty elders for his project?A.Because their accomplishments inspired him. |
B.Because they are physically impressive. |
C.Because their wisdom deserves to be passed on. |
D.Because they have similar experiences. |
A.has won many awards for his work in politics. |
B.has served as the president of a university. |
C.has devoted all his life to the field of science. |
D.has made achievements in different areas. |
A.Andrew Zuckerman. | B.Federico Mayor Zaragoz. |
C.Nadine Gordimer. | D.Dave Brubeck. |
A.Andrew Zuckerman explores various aspects of their lives through interviews and photos. |
B.Federico Mayor Zaragoza created the Foundation for a Culture of Peace in 1987 |
C.Nadine Gordimer didn’t go to university |
D.Dave Brubeck studied jazz in university. |
A.To publicize Zuckerman’s project. |
B.To show Zuckerman’s awards. |
C.To spread the wisdom of the three people. |
D.To celebrate the achievements of the three people. |
【推荐3】A foreign teacher from the UK has spent much time doing charity work, including years of visiting veterans and funding impoverished students in Changde, Central China's Hunan province.
James is from Bristol, UK. He has worked as a foreign teacher at Hunan University of Arts and Science for eight years and is recognized as a "legendary" foreign teacher by students. Since he was a child, he felt like he had a connection with China. And now he's been working on "serving the people wholeheartedly".
James is concerned with a group of veterans who fought in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1937—1945). He worked as a volunteer in Changde's local aid center for those veterans for over six years. He often goes together with other volunteers to distant villages to visit veterans. “Charity is a civic duty. Veterans shouldn't be neglected. Society should and must help them. It's our duty.” James said.
In September 2014, James won Hunan's seventh Xiaoxiang Friendship Award, an award granted by the People's Government of Hunan province to foreigners having made contributions to Hunan in certain sectors.
James is applying for a Chinese green card. He hopes to be able to become rooted in China and achieve his Chinese dream step by step.
1. Why is James concerned with veterans?A.Because he thinks it's a civic duty to help veterans. |
B.Because he thinks it's a rule to help veterans. |
C.Because he thinks it's a good habit to help veterans. |
D.Because he thinks it's a good deed to help veterans. |
A.It's an award to someone who has made a significant contribution to China. |
B.It's an award to someone who has made a significant contribution to Hunan. |
C.It's an award to foreigners who have made a significant contribution to China. |
D.It's an award to foreigners who have made a significant contribution to Hunan. |
A.Teachers. | B.Officials. | C.Soldiers. | D.Professors. |
A.He will leave China soon. | B.He will live in China forever. |
C.He will go back to his motherland. | D.He will leave Hunan in the near future. |