Astronaut(宇航员)Scott Kelly has been living on the International Space Station(ISS)since March 28, 2015. And just like any other home, the ISS requires some housekeeping, in the form of regular work and repairs.
That is why Kelly and his partner Kjell Lindgren performed activities, outside the station on Wednesday. The operation began at 8:03 am and lasted for more than seven hours. It was the first spacewalk for both men.
The ISS has been in continual use for 15 years, and has hosted over 200 people, including astronauts and private tourists. During their activities, Kelly and Lindgren did basic electrical work, such as attaching new wires that will provide power to docking ports(舱门)on the station. The ports will be used when other people arrive at the ISS. Also, the two astronauts fixed a thermal(防寒的)cover on a key scientific instrument on the station to protect it from the freezing temperatures of space.
As the more senior astronaut, Kelly led the spacewalk. However, Lindgren dealt with some of the more challenging parts of the job as he has longer arms than Kelly.
During a spacewalk, the simplest work becomes a difficult task. Kelly and Lindgren spent months training and practicing for the operation. The preparation began in NASA's Neutral Buoyancy Lab(NBL). Here astronauts are made to work in an environment similar to the one outside the space station.
Even getting the space suits ready can take days. While each suit is built to fit the astronaut perfectly who will wear it, adjustments(调整)need to be made right up to the time when the spacewalk begins. The adjustments address any change in the astronauts' bodies that have occurred as a result of being in a gravity-free environment.
1. Why did Kelly and Lindgren take the spacewalk?A.To clean up the ISS. | B.To keep the ISS in good condition. |
C.To test their new space suits. | D.To carry out a scientific experiment. |
A.How the ISS is working properly. |
B.Why the docking ports are useful. |
C.How the astronauts performed the spacewalk. |
D.What the two astronauts did in the spacewalk. |
A.He knew more about the station. | B.He was the leader of the team. |
C.He had a longer reach. | D.He had more experience of spacewalk |
A.Lead to. | B.Belong to. | C.Interact with. | D.Deal with |
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【推荐1】My interest in body language began with a professor of mine at university. He mentioned “Pinocchio” to me one cold morning after saying that I always rubbed my nose when giving excuses for being late to his courses. Actually, when someone tells a lie, the person’s blood rushes to the nose and the extra blood makes it itchy (发痒的). This little example of non-verbal communication inspired me to become a body language expert. Now, I earn my living by training people in non-verbal communication. Knowing when someone is lying and knowing how to persuade people are two of the most important skills you’ll ever learn.
I have spent a lot of time studying the ways the human body gives and they provide more reliable information than the words we speak. The words say one thing but the body may say something completely different. We know that crossed arms can be seen as either defensive or aggressive (攻击性的), but what about facial expressions, postures and gestures? All of these say a lot and can only be understood if you know how to make sense of the signs.
Business companies always need my services and I try to improve their confidence by teaching them about body language. I give advice about handshakes, which should always be firm and steady, and I teach the importance of personal space. They may seem like small matters, but these codes of behaviour can be the key to making or breaking a business deal.
My working life gives me a great deal of satisfaction. I feel that I’m providing a public service, but it is a service that has had its downside. Whenever I meet someone new and I tell them what I do for a living, they immediately put their guard up and they’re no longer relaxed. They quite literally freeze in the attempt to hide all the signals that they think I’m reading. It makes life difficult at times, but I consider it a small price to pay for a job I enjoy so much.
1. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning his professor?A.To describe his professor’s success. |
B.To explain why he chose his career. |
C.To show his professor’s study of the “Pinocchio” effect. |
D.To introduce what impressed him most during his career. |
A.The body language can tell you the real story behind words. |
B.It takes a plenty of time to study the body language. |
C.Crossed arms can be regarded as an impolite way. |
D.Facial expressions play an important part in the body language. |
A.They dislike his services. |
B.They think he is too proud. |
C.They consider him unreliable. |
D.They believe he is studying them. |
A.He thinks little of minor gestures. |
B.He travels the world giving advice. |
C.He is happy with his work. |
D.He is good at pretending. |
【推荐2】A polished resume is essential for a successful school or job application. A clear structure and well-organized content can be the difference between success and failure.
Structuring your resume
(1) Create a header with your name and contact information. There are also down loadable templates(模板) available online. If none of them appeals to you, however, you can always use your own design.
(2) Use a chronological(时间顺序排列的)resume. In a chronological resume, you list your work and education experiences, starting with your most recent experience.
(3) Include your relevant education, awards or training. Typically, your highest academic qualification is the only one you need to include on your resume.
If you had a cumulative(累积的)GPA of 3.5 or higher, feel free to include it. Otherwise, it would be best to leave it out. If you re listing more than one degree, include your GPA on both of them, if possible.
(4) List work experience, including relevant volunteer work and internships. Use specific job titles and short explanations that tell potential employers exactly what you did, what skills you gained and how they could be useful in a new job.
(5) Try a functional resume, if you lack direct work experience. With a functional resume you can highlight your specific skills and resources without having to list previous jobs. A functional resume emphasizes what you can do rather than what you've done.
Making your content shine
Place keywords in your resume strategically. Schools or employers often use software to scan resumes for specific keywords.
1. How should you present your job and education experiences on a resume?A.Begin with your most successful experience. |
B.Stan with your most recent experience. |
C.Include as many details as possible. |
D.Only introduce your highest degree. |
A.If your total GPA was below 3.5. | B.If your cumulative GPA was below 4.0. |
C.If you're listing more than one decree. | D.If you are still a student. |
A.List my job you've done before. |
B.talk about how much you know about the job. |
C.Focus on your abilities and skills related to the job. |
D.Share what you've learned from your previous work. |
A.Use a catchy template. | B.Send your resume in a DOC file. |
C.Mention a hobby that you are good at. | D.Highlight some keywords in your resume. |
A.The ways to shine the content of your resume。 |
B.How to structure your resume. |
C.The recipe of resume success. |
D.The contact information in the resume. |
【推荐3】Tips for job interviews
Whatever you do, don’t lie.
Daniel Space, a human resources consultant, said that if you can’t draw from personal experience to answer a question, it’s alright to say something like, “I haven’t been placed in that situation specifically yet, but here’s how I think I would handle it.”
The biggest mistake he sees is when candidates attempt to lie instead of acknowledging what they don’t know.
Don’t ramble (闲聊) and hope for the best. If you don’t understand what they’re asking, request clarification.
Rambling is the worst mistake a job candidate can make when they don’t know how to answer, according to Mary Abbajay, president of the leadership development consultancy Careerstone Group.
“They think if they talk long enough ... people will think they are answering the questions. Don’t do that,” she said. “When you are rambling, it shows you are a poor communicator.”
Lawrese Brown, the founder of C-Track Training, a workplace education company, pointed out that not all interview questions are clearly worded and it reflects better on you to ask for clarification when you need it.
“It demonstrates a confidence and assertiveness to say, ‘Hey, can you clarify? ... Because I want to share the right insights with you, I want to share the most relevant information,’” she said.
Asking for the question to be repeated might also buy you time to think of an answer, Abbajay added.
Don’t give up and just say “I don’t know,” either. Advocate for the person you are.
It’s OK to admit you have not yet acquired a specific skill or faced a certain problem, said Tejal Wagadia, a recruiter for a major tech company. But don’t just say “I don’t know” when you are stumped. Saying something like, “I don’t know that yet, but I’m willing to learn that skillset,” shows your willingness to learn new things, Wagadia said.
“Redirect your answer and share how the skills you’ve gained in another capacity have prepared for the target opportunity,” said Ashley Watkins, a job search coach.
1. During the interview ,why shouldn’t you lie ?A.People trust you just tell a white lie |
B.No need to clarify yourself with the interviewers. |
C.You are so modest during the interview |
D.The interviewer will think you are not a reliable person. |
A.it shows you are a poor communicator | B.it represents you excel in communicating |
C.it enables interviewers to know you more | D.it helps develop your skills |
A.Just say “ I don’t know ” |
B.Tell them you are not willing to learn that skillset |
C.You may share your skills you’ve gained in another capacity |
D.Just redirect your answer |
①look around ② keep your back straight③cross your arms
④make constant eye contact⑤stare fixedly at the interviewer.⑥a genuine smile
A.①②③ | B.②④⑥ | C.④⑤⑥ | D.③⑤⑥ |
【推荐1】East Africa is experiencing the worst desert locust outbreak in decades. Climate events have accelerated breeding of the pest across the region, and with a sudden rise in the locust population expected in coming weeks, urgent actions and funds are needed to prevent a human crisis.
Twenty million people in six of the eight East African countries are most affected by an ongoing desert locust outbreak at risk of serious food insecurity. Considered among the most destructive of moving pests, an adult locust can consume 2g of plants per day, affecting crops and grasslands. A group typically holds 20 to 150 million locusts per square kilometer and can move hundreds of kilometers per day, invading areas covering millions of square kilometers. An active group, therefore, can destroy crops and grasslands within a very short period of time.
That global warming could increase the risk of desert locust crisis was proposed over ten years ago, and in February, the UN Secretary-General António Guterres stated that the current outbreak is linked to the effects of climate change: “warmer seas mean more perfect breeding ground for locusts”. The outbreak has its origins in 2018, when a series of windstorms in the Arabian Peninsula (阿拉伯半岛) enabled the warm and wet conditions the desert locust requires to breed and band undetected in remote regions. Though our focus here is migration west, dreadful outbreaks of the desert locust have been experienced to the east.
The situation is going out of control. A rescue operation and financial support admit no delay.
The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) can take out only US$138 million for rapid response and immediate action — controlling the spread of the desert locust and safeguarding livelihoods. They say the maths is clear: about half the funding (资助) is needed for supervision, ground and sky control, and uniting efforts; the other half is needed for livelihoods and food security of farmers. As for the huge gap, they have called on the international community to act now through funding. However, by the end of February, just US$69 million had been promised.
This most alarming crisis has developed and is worsening in East Africa. The funds needed to control the situation become very difficult to achieve and the gap is a big concern.
1. Why does the crisis happen in East Africa?A.There is a big population there. |
B.There are large deserts and grasslands. |
C.Africa lies west of Arabian Peninsula. |
D.Good climate for breeding plays a role. |
A.To warn of the terrible damage by locusts. |
B.To help us understand how locusts live. |
C.To show how many locusts there are now. |
D.To draw a picture of the present Africa. |
A.The crisis is not noticed until recently. |
B.More fund is needed to prevent the crisis. |
C.The crisis has been the focus of the world. |
D.Locusts are all from the Arabian Peninsula. |
A.Killing locusts before too late |
B.Global warming, a world problem |
C.Funding Gap for Locust Crisis |
D.Africa, a crisis-stricken place |
【推荐2】More than 11,000 scientists are warning that the Earth, in their words, "clearly and unequivocally (明确地)faces a climate emergency.” The scientists represent several fields of study and come from 150 countries around the world. They approved a report that appeared in the publication Bioscience earlier this month. It warns that the world would face "untold human suffering" if it does not make deep and lasting shifts in human activities that influence climate change. Three leaders of the study are from the United States. They worked on the study with scientists from universities in South Africa and Australia. This is the first time a large group of scientists have jointly (共同地)used the word "emergency" when talking about climate change.
"Despite 40 years of global climate negotiations ...we have generally conducted business as usual and have largely failed to address this worrying situation,” the study said. “Climate change has arrived and is accelerating faster than many scientists expected."
The report identified five areas that the world needs to deal with immediately. The scientists appealed to nations to use energy more efficiently and cut their use of fossil fuels. They suggested that lawmakers approve taxes on the burning of carbon-based fuels, such as coal, oil and natural gas. The report urges people to move toward more of a plant-based diet. Other areas of concern include preventing the destruction of forests and permanent loss of some plant and animal species. The report noted that it will most likely take strong actions by the public to move politicians to approve lasting policy changes.
The scientists added, "We believe that the prospects (前景)will be greatest if decision-makers and all of humanity quickly respond to this warning and declaration of a climate emergency, and act to support life on planet Earth, our only home.”
1. What will happen to people if they don't stop the activities that influence the climate change?A.They will have no places to live in. |
B.They will be fined and lose their jobs. |
C.They will become bored with their life. |
D.They will go through a lot of sufferings. |
A.They have ignored the scientists’ warning, |
B.They have solved the problem successfully. |
C.They have talked too much but done too little. |
D.They have realized the problem isn’t that serious. |
A.Paragraph 1. | B.Paragraph 2. |
C.Paragraph 3. | D.Paragraph 4. |
A.Scientists' Hard Work of Saving the Earth |
B.l he Important Reasons of Climate Change |
C.The Impact of Human Activities on Climate |
D.Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emergency |
【推荐3】On Friday January 14, 2022, blast was heard 2,000km away in New Zealand and 3,300km away in Australia. Boats crashed into a quiet harbor in Southern California, a remote island was battered in Japan by 4 foot waves and two women were swept to their deaths on a beach in Peru some 6,000 miles from an undersea volcanic eruption so powerful that the tsunami which it set off stirred ocean waters halfway across the globe.
But on Sunday, as reports of the volcano’s effect crowded in from far-flung countries, there was little word from Tonga, the island nation just 40 miles from the site of the extraordinary explosion. As concerns from all over the world grew, the nation of about 100,000 people remained largely cut off from the rest of the world, its undersea internet cables knocked out of commission by the volcano.
In Tonga on Sunday, many residents lost not only communication channels but electric power. Up to 80,000 people there could be affected, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies told the BBC.
New Zealand and other nations in the region pledged to give Tonga aid to recover. But with heavy concentrations of airborne ash making flights impossible, just like the Iceland volcano eruption in 2021, it was difficult even to know what was needed. Ardern, the New Zealand prime minister, said flights over Tonga were planned for Monday or Tuesday, depending on ash conditions.
Tonga has experienced a succession of natural disasters in recent years. In 2018, more than 170 homes were destroyed and two people killed by Cyclone Gita, a Category 5 tropical storm. In 2020, Cyclone Harold caused about $111 million in damage.
1. Which country wasn’t affected by Tonga undersea volcanic eruptions according to Paragraph 1?A.Japan. | B.America. | C.Peru. | D.Iceland. |
A.30% | B.20% | C.50% | D.70% |
A.New Zealand as well as other nations in the region gave Tonga aid timely. |
B.The Iceland volcano eruption in 2021 made nearby flights delayed. |
C.Flights could reach Tonga two days after the eruption. |
D.The undersea volcanic eruption caused severer damage to Peru than ever before. |
A.the newspaper | B.a travel guide |
C.a biography | D.a chemical paper |
【推荐1】Beijing (AP) Three Chinese astronauts returned to Earth on Saturday after six months aboard their country’s newest orbital station in the longest crewed mission to date for China’s ambitious space program.
The Shenzhou 13 space capsule landed in the Gobi desert in the norther region of Inner Mongolia, shown live on CCTV. During the mission, astronaut Wang Yaping carried out the first spacewalk by a Chinese woman. Wang and crew mates Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu beamed (发送) back physics lessons for high school students. China launched its first astronaut into space in 2003 and landed robot rovers on the moon in 2013 and on Mars last year. Officials have discussed a possible crewed mission to the moon.
On Saturday, CCTV showed images from inside the capsule as it traveled at 200 meters per second over Africa before entering the atmosphere. The trio (三人组) were the second crew aboard Tiangong, or Heavenly Palace. Its core module, Tianhe, was launched in April 2021. Plans call for completing construction this year by adding two more modules. Authorities have yet to announce a date for launching the next Tiangng crew.
China Was the hid nation to launch an astronaut into space on its own after the former Soviet Union and the United States. Tiangong is China’s third space station following predecessors (前身) launched in 2011 and 2016. The government announced in 2020 that China's first reusable spacecraft had landed following a test flight.
On Tuesday, President Xi visited the launch site in Wenchang on the southern island of Hainan from which the Tianhe module was fired into orbit. “Persist in pursuing the frontiers of world aerospace development and the major strategic needs of national aerospace,” President Xi told staff at the site, all of them in military uniform.
1. How long were the 3 astronauts aboard in China’s orbital station?A.One year. | B.Two years. | C.One Month. | D.Six months. |
A.The three astronauts gave lessons for high school students. |
B.Wang Yaping carried out the first spacewalk by a Chinese. |
C.Chinese officials has a date for a crewed mission to the moon. |
D.The space capsule landed in the Western region of Inner Mongolia. |
A.Tiangong was launched in April 2021. |
B.The trio were the second crew to be in space. |
C.The China’s first reusable spacecraft will be launched soon. |
D.The Chinese orbital station Tiangong hasn’t been completely constructed. |
A.The former Soviet Union. | B.The United Kingdom. |
C.China. | D.America. |
【推荐2】The second experiment on how to grow crops on mimic (模拟的) Mars and Moon soil has given a surprising outcome (成果). The Wageningen UR researchers use the Mars and Moon soil provided by NASA. Mimic Mars soil comes from a volcano in Hawaii and the mimic Moon soil from an Arizonian desert. As a result of what the researchers of Wageningen University in the Netherlands learned from their first experiment, which was a failure, they were finally able to grow ten different crops. The tomatoes, peas, turnip, and cabbages have been harvested (收割). The goal of the experiments is to provide the way of growing crops on Mars or on the Moon in order to feed the first settlers.
A few improvements have been made since the first experiment, though it isn’t a success. Professor Wamelink says, “We used plates instead of small pots and added organic material (fresh cut grass) to the Mars and Moon soil. This is what we didn’t do in the first experiment. This solved the problem we had with watering in the first experiment and also added manure (肥料) to the soil.” In the first Moon soil experiment most plants died; in the next round they flourished (茂盛), and the researchers could harvest from some species. It can be regarded as a triumph when it is compared with the first one.
Although the Wageningen researchers harvested several crops, they did not eat them. Wamelink says, “The soil contains heavy metals. If heavy metals find their way into the crops, they will make them poisonous for human beings. Then further research on this is necessary because they need to make sure the final harvest must be harmless to human beings. The experiment should start in April next year with the growth of new crops including potatoes and beans.”
The soil experiment began in April and the final harvest took place in October. Plants were grown in a glass house under certain temperature and light conditions and under the earth atmosphere. “This is because we expect that first crop growth on Mars and the Moon will take place in underground rooms to protect the plants from the bad environment,” says Wamelink.
1. Why were the scientists able to grow ten different crops?A.Because they had the experience from last failure. |
B.Because they experimented a number of times. |
C.Because they worked harder this time than last time. |
D.Because they got a lot of help from other countries. |
A.The grass covering the crops. |
B.Watering the crops regularly. |
C.Replacing different kinds of plants. |
D.The use of plates and organic material. |
A.How to plant crops in underground rooms. |
B.Whether these crops can be eaten by human beings. |
C.How to plant more and more crops on Mars and the Moon. |
D.Whether tomatoes and beans can grow on Mars and the Moon. |
A.Experiments Prove Crops can Grow on Mars |
B.A Great Science Achievement has been Made |
C.Crops Harvested on Mimic Mars and Moon Soil |
D.First Settlers can Eat Crops Grown on the Moon |
【推荐3】Four “amateur (业余的) astronauts” are about to launch into orbit in another landmark mission for space tourism. It’s the latest flight to help open up access to space for paying customers. The trip has been paid for by US billionaire businessman Jared Isaacman, who will travel with three crewmates. A healthcare worker, a science educator and a data analyst will circle the Earth with Mr Isaacman for three days. They hope to inspire others with their adventure and to raise money for children’s cancer medicine. Accordingly, the mission has been named Inspiration 4.
The crew’s Dragon vehicle, made by Elon Musk’s company Space X, will ride a Falcon-9 rocket. It is due to launch from Florida’s Kennedy Space Center at 20:02 EDT on Wednesday, or very shortly after. The spacecraft will reach an altitude of 575km, which is about 150km higher than the International Space Station (ISS). The four will then spend their time doing experiments and looking at Earth through a large domed window which offers panoramic views of the whole planet.
The mission follows hot on the heels of Sir Richard Branson’s flight aboard his Virgin Galactic rocket plane on 11 July, and fellow billionaire Jeff Bezos’ trip to space nine days later in the New Shepard vehicle. The glass dome has been fitted in place of the mechanism that Dragon normally uses to dock with the ISS, which isn’t needed on this flight.
In the 60 years since Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin first went into space, fewer than 600 people have followed in his footsteps; and most of those have been military-trained personnel flying on government-sponsored missions. Inspiration 4 is different. It’ll be a fully commercially purchased and operated orbital flight. NASA helped fund the development of a lot of the technology used by Elon Musk’s company, and did so to try to diversify the economy in low-Earth orbit.
1. Why is the mission called Inspiration 4 according to paragraph 1?A.To promote the space tourism industry. |
B.To highlight the huge expenses of the space trip. |
C.To claim the commercial benefits of space adventures. |
D.To inspire people and collect money for medical treatment. |
A.The launch schedule is to be further confirmed. |
B.Its crew members are mostly military trainees. |
C.It is to be made nine days after Jeff Bezos’ space trip. |
D.A glass dome will be fitted to replace the mechanism to join the ISS. |
A.The unique equipment ensures the success of the mission. |
B.The crew can get a full view of the earth through the glass dome. |
C.The crew take advantage of the special window to do experiments. |
D.The large window enables the crew to observe surrounding planets. |
A.A commercially paid orbital flight. |
B.The diversity of space exploration. |
C.The development of space technology. |
D.A space tour on government-sponsored missions. |