Though the Tokyo Olympic Games closed on Aug 8, the public is still watching the athletes. The technologies that helped them in the competition have attracted people’s attention.
Su Bingtian is the first Chinese sprinter(短跑运动员) to reach an Olympic 100 final, setting an Asian record of 9. 83 seconds in his semi-final. “It takes Su 47 steps to run 100 meters. Each step is very important,” a member of Su’s training team said. “Randy Huntington, Su’s American coach and a biomechanics(生物力学) expert in track and field, has collected a lot of data on outstanding sprinters and built a database. He put in all of Su’s data and got a best model. When Su is training, the team uses high-speed cameras to record his training and compares it with the model to find out his weaknesses.”
Technology is also useful in table tennis. On July 27, the semifinal match between China’s Sun Yingsha and Japan’s Mima Ito was going on intensely in Tokyo. You wouldn’t have guessed that a power AI platform was monitoring the match. At an average speed of 100 Mbps, the data was sent to technical team of the Zhejiang University Table Tennis Intelligent Big Data Analysis Platform,2,442 kilometers away from Tokyo.
The platform has stored the data of more than 8, 000 matches so far. The research team has been working on match simulation(模拟) since 2018. “Using big data and AI, we can exactly simulate and predict how the winning rate will change when players change certain tactics(策略).” Professor Wu Yingcai said.
The Tokyo Olympic Games have seen not only scientific support in training, but many newly developed and cutting-edge technologies in athletes’ devices. For example, the Kenya women’s volleyball team’s GPS devices collected data on each player’s strength, heart rate and so on to coaches, who used the information to prevent injury and design training plans for each individual.
1. According to Su Bingtian’s training team, what is important for his better achievement?| A．His outstanding talent. | B．His coach’s active encouragement. |
| C．His scientific training. | D．Support from other sprinters. |
| A．Players can know their own disadvantages. |
| B．It helps players improve their winning chance. |
| C．It helps coaches collect lots of data. |
| D．Players can study other players’ skills. |
| A．Advanced. | B．Expensive. | C．International. | D．Necessary. |
| A．The ways athletes prepared for the Tokyo Olympics. |
| B．The excellent athletes winning at the Tokyo Olympics. |
| C．The wonderful moments of the Tokyo Olympics. |
| D．Technologies helping athletes at the Tokyo Olympics. |
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【推荐1】US Open Championships
The US Open has been in existence for more than 130 years. The first tournament was held in 1881 at the Newport Casino. It was called the US National Singles Championship. Entry was limited to only those clubs which were members of the United States National Lawn Tennis Association, and the competitors were all male, competing in both singles and doubles. Richard Sears won the men's championship and he went on to win the next six men's singles championships.
The Wimbledon
In 1875, the All England Croquet Club was troubled financially due to declining membership. A new sport called lawn tennis was gaining fast in popularity and taking away the members. Two years later, a new roller was needed for maintaining its lawns so the club proposed to hold a tournament to raise money. Twenty-two players entered that first Wimbledon tournament which was won by Spencer Gore in straight sets over W. C. Marshall. Two hundred spectators each paid a shilling to watch the final game, enabling the club to buy the needed roller plus some extra cash.
The French Open
The very first French Championship was way back in 1891, and the tournament has since grown into one of the four tennis Grand Slam tournaments we know today. The first competition was a one-day national championship which was won by a British. The competition was poorly attended by world class players. It took 24 years before it became fully international and an accepted tennis grand slam event. After the First World War, French tennis was achieving stature. Suzanne Lenglen was the predominant French player, winning the championships six times between 1920 and 1926.
The Australian Open
The very first tennis tournament ever played in Australia was held in January 1880, on the courts of the Melbourne Cricket Club. In 1905, the Australian Open was established as the Australasian Tennis Championship and was played at the Warehouseman's Cricket Ground in Melbourne. It became the Australian Championship in 1927 and the Australian Open in 1969. Women's events were added in 1922.
1. Which of the following statements about the first U.S. Open is right?| A．It has a history of 130 years. |
| B．Only men were allowed to play in the game. |
| C．Richard Sears won six championships. |
| D．It has remained about the same through all these years. |
| A．raise some fund for a lawn roller | B．attract more people to play tennis |
| C．attract more audience to watch the game | D．celebrate the renaming of the club |
| A．the tournament has been played in the same place all these years |
| B．twenty-two players played in the first tournament |
| C．few good tennis players took part in the first French Championship |
| D．the players played in singles and doubles in the tournament |
| A．they were all born in the same year |
| B．they all had only male players in the first tournament |
| C．they have all experienced financial difficulties |
| D．they all have had a history of 130 years or more |
| A．how the four international tennis tournaments came into being |
| B．how long it took for women to have the right to play in the game |
| C．how the four international tennis tournaments get their present names |
| D．why the tennis tournaments are held in these four countries |
【推荐2】At 39 weeks pregnant most women would only be thinking of racing to hospital. But not Amber Miller, who set off to run the Chicago Marathon while expecting her second child any day.
As she neared the final stage of the race, she began to feel pain in the stomach. But the determined athlete managed to cross the finish line in 6 hours and 25 minutes.
Unbelievably the Chicago race was not even baby June’s first marathon—Miller ran the Wisconsin Marathon earlier this year, four months pregnant. She also ran another marathon when she was about four months pregnant with her son, Caleb, 19 months.
Although there was extra weight, the seasoned runner’s time was just 3 hours off her personal best.
Miller began to feel pain near the end of the race, but she was not sure if it was labour (分娩), because she typically feels some pain when she runs while pregnant. After her race her husband drove her to Central DuPage Hospital in Winfield where she gave birth to the healthy 7 pounds, 13 ounce baby.
Miller decided to run because she and her husband had already signed up for the race. The athletic mother said she experienced an enthusiastic welcome from crowds as she ran along. But the devoted runner, who had completed eight marathons, admitted that she did get a few strange looks along the course.
“I know what I can handle. This is something I’ve been doing for a long time,” the experienced marathon runner said.
June was born at 10:29 pm on Sunday night after seven hours’ labour. “She’s absolutely perfect,” Miller said. “We are extremely happy, but very tired.”
After her surprising double achievement, Miller says she is planning to take some time off to concentrate on being a full-time mom.
1. What is the name of Miller’s kid born right after the Chicago Marathon?| A．Caleb. | B．June. |
| C．Amber. | D．Wisconsin. |
| A．People have different attitudes to Miller’s action. |
| B．Miller will soon return for her favourite marathons. |
| C．The baby was in danger at birth because of the race. |
| D．Miller’s personal best in marathons was over 6 hours. |
| A．A Young American Couple Loving Marathons |
| B．How to Finish the Latest Chicago Marathon |
| C．How to Train a Pregnant Woman for Marathons |
| D．A Pregnant Woman Giving Birth After a Marathon |
| A．Miller failed to finish the race due to her labour. |
| B．Miller’s husband was against her running the race. |
| C．Miller knew she was going to give birth at the end of the race. |
| D．It wasn’t Miller’s first time to run a marathon while pregnant. |
【推荐3】What Makes a Soccer Player Great?
Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have been only a few players who were truly great. How did these players get that way — was it through training and practice, or are great players “born not made”?
Firstly, these players came from places that have had famous stars in the past — players that a young boy can look up to (敬仰) and try to imitate. In the history of soccer, only six countries have ever won the World Cup, three from South America and three from Europe. There has never been a national team or a really great player from North America or from Asia.
Secondly, these players all had years of practice in the game. Alfredo Di Stefano was the son of a soccer player, as was Pele. Most players began playing the game at the age of three or four.
Finally, many great players come from the same kind of neighbourhood — a poor, crowded area where a boy’s dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athletes or entertainer. For example, Liverpool, which produced the Beatles, had one of the best English soccer teams in recent years. Pele practised in the street with a “ball” made of rags. And George Best learned the tricks that made him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in the slums (贫民区) of Belfast.
All great players have a lot in common, but that doesn’t explain why they are great. Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets, but only one became Pele. The greatest players are born with some unique qualities that set them apart from all the others.
1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?| A．Soccer is popular all over the world, but truly great players are rare. |
| B．Millions of people all over the world are playing soccer, but only six countries have ever had famous stars in the past. |
| C．Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but only six countries from South America and West Europe have ever had great national teams. |
| D．Soccer is one of the most popular games all over the world, but it seems least popular in North America or Asia. |
| A．experience | B．cheating |
| C．skills | D．training |
| A．where soccer players get their way |
| B．how neighbourhood affects a soccer player’s success |
| C．why they can produce the best soccer teams |
| D．what a poor, crowded area will provide a future soccer player with |
| A．Pele is the greatest soccer player |
| B．the great players are born with some unique qualities |
| C．Pele’s birthplace sets him apart from all the others |
| D．the success of a soccer player has everything to do with the family background |
【推荐1】If you think about World Heritage Sites (世界遗产) you probably think of places connected with ancient art and culture, historical buildings. And of course, many of these are on the World Heritage List (WHL). But the WHL contains a lot of sites that are not so obvious. Let’s look at a few of them.
Robben Island in South Africa
This island was used through the centuries as a prison, a hospital and a military base. But it’s probably most famous as a maximum security prison for political prisoners in the twentieth century. Nelson Mandela was one of its most famous residents. The WHL says it represents “the victory of democracy (民主) and freedom over oppression and racism(种族主义).”
Borders of France and Spain
This is an area of great natural beauty and the mountains have many interesting geological formations (地质构造). But it is also an area of small farms. People there still use a type of agriculture that used to be common in mountainous areas of Europe but has almost completely disappeared in modern times.
The city of Brasilia, Brazil
Brasilia is a capital city that was created from nothing in 1956. The WHL calls it “a landmark in the history of town planning”. The different areas of the city and the buildings themselves were all designed at the same time carefully. Every part of the city shows the ideas of the planner and architect.
Simien National Park, Ethiopia
Simien National Park was one of the first sites to be listed in 1978. It is one of the highest mountain areas in Africa, and the WHL calls it “one of the most breathtaking landscapes in the world”. It is also important for its wildlife. The population of some rare animals is getting smaller and smaller.
1. Why has WHL listed Robben Island in South Africa?| A．For the type of agriculture | B．For its political symbol |
| C．For the interesting geological formations | D．For the great natural beauty |
| A．Simien National Park, Ethiopia | B．The city of Brasilia, Brazil |
| C．Borders of France and Spain | D．Robben Island in South Africa |
| A．To describe the remains of ancient cultures on the WHLA |
| B．To introduce the famous heritage sites on the WHL |
| C．To talk about places of artistic or cultural importance. |
| D．To introduce some of the not so obvious sites on the WHI. |
【推荐2】When athletes at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics collect their medals, they'll not only be wearing something that celebrates their sporting performance, but something that symbolizes lastingness. For both the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics(残奥会), organizers aim to make all of the gold, silver, and bronze medals(奖牌)out of used electronics. This strong message about how to make use of e-waste has gotten a lot of Japan involved.
Starting in April 2017, the Japanese Olympic Committee began collecting old laptops. digital cameras, smartphones, and other abandoned electronics. The initiative(倡议)has achieved great success. Already, the quantity needed for bronze medals has been met, and they're in the homestretch for silver and gold medals, meaning the collection process can pack up at the end of March.
When looking just at the number of cell phones collected, the amount of waste is shocking. In a period of about 18 months, a little over 5 million smartphones were collected thanks to cooperation with NTT DOCOMO. Japan's largest mobile phone operator allowed the public to turn in phones at their shops, which counted a lot in the project's success.
After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics underwent a smelting process to extract(提炼)all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. Thanks to this initiative, the worldwide struggle with e-waste will have a global platform. According to a study published by the United Nations University—44.7 million metric tons of e-waste were made in 2016. Only 20% of that was actually recycled. Unfortunately, this figure is set to rise significantly in the coming years, moving to 52.2 million metric tons by 2021. So while the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, it's a good start in showing what the public can do if they're made more aware of the issue.
1. What can be learnt about Tokyo Olympics initiative from the passage?| A．E-waste in the world is increasing significantly. |
| B．It is easy to get elements needed from the used electronics. |
| C．Only producers of electronics participated in the project. |
| D．NTT DOCOMO contributed to the success of the project. |
| A．starting period | B．collection effort |
| C．final stage | D．hard search |
| A．It offers an effective method to solve the problem of e-waste. |
| B．It shows the power of advanced technology in daily life. |
| C．It saves the expense spent in making all the medals. |
| D．It encourages the public's involvement in dealing with e-waste. |
| A．Positive. | B．Negative. |
| C．Doubtful. | D．Indifferent. |
【推荐3】When I was in high school, my history teacher tried an experiment with a classmate known for her enthusiastic and expressive communication style. The girl had raised her hand to answer a question, and the teacher challenged her to reply while keeping her hands folded in her lap. I’ve never forgotten the sight of her struggling to get her words out while her hands were restrained (限制) .
We all, to some extent or another, talk with our hands. It’s part of how we communicate. But as Susan Goldin-Meadow, a professor and psychologist at the University of Chicago, explains in her newest book, that’s just the beginning.
What she discovered are an astonishing number of ways in which our hands not only help us to emphasize(or sometimes contradict) our spoken words, but they also play a vital role in how we form our ideas. As Goldin-Meadow shows, even people blind from birth use gestures.
People who don’t have arms will experience a phantom (幻觉) feeling they are gesturing. We gesture when someone we’re talking to can’t see us, such as on the phone. We gesture when we’re all alone, trying to compose an email. We need to gesture to make sense of the world.
“Gestures and language really are a single integrated system. It’s not just a system that linguists study,” said Goldin-Meadow. “There’s so much information that isn’t captured by our words, and by all of the conventional things that we learn from language. For that purpose, certainly as a psychologist, I think it’s very important to take these kinds of things seriously.”
There’s a huge literature on body language. It really does convey lots of things-attitude perspective, sense of self, and more. Most of them are about how we feel, and our perception of our interaction. What the hands contribute—and the face can do this, too-is not just our attitudes to the conversation, but the content of the conversation.
1. What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 1?| A．To introduce the topic. | B．To share an experiment. |
| C．To tell an interesting story. | D．To introduce a phenomenon. |
| A．Limiting oral words | B．Stressing oral words. |
| C．Directing oral words. | D．Interrupting oral words. |
| A．His habits. | B．His character. | C．His feelings. | D．His contribution. |
| A．Hand Gestures: A Way We Need To Do Everyday |
| B．Hand Gestures: A Language We Struggle To Understand |
| C．Hand Gestures: An Easy Language Learning From Childhood |
| D．Hand Gestures: An Important And Silent Communication Method |
