When you love working out, taking a break from exercise can seem a waste of time — there are training plans to follow and goals to be met. So, what’s the problem? According to new research, excessive training can be damaging to mental well-being.
“The benefits of regular physical activity are well-established, but it’s possible to have too much of a good thing, says Janet, an expert at physical training. But how do you know if you’re doing too much? ”Over-exercising can mean training for too long or too intensely without enough rest for your personal limits,” she says. “Some of us may feel unable to stop.” Indeed, one research shows almost 40 percent of us feel guilty if we miss a workout and less than 59 percent regularly take a rest day. So should you be taking more time out?
By exercising beyond your limits, not only could you injure your body and reduce muscle mass, you could also end up feeling anxious, too. Over-exercising can impact your mood, relationships and ability to function in other areas of your life, warns Janet. “Exercise releases the stress hormone cortisol. For most people, this can help you better manage stress levels. Over-exercising, however, can lead to increased levels of cortisol in the blood stream which can lead to poor sleep, depression and problems with memory and concentration.”
Still not convinced? If you find it hard to put down your trainers, you’re not alone. Up to 10 percent of endurance athletes are affected by overtraining syndrome, with common effects including muscle soreness, persistent fatigue and even mental breakdown, says Professor James. “In addition, over-exercise can stimulate hyper inflammation, which has a severe effect on brain health.” There is a simple solution, however. “It has been shown that exhaustion may be delayed almost indefinitely by frequent and regular short breaks,” assures James.
1. What is Janet’s attitude towards excessive exercising?| A．Favorable. | B．Tolerant. | C．Ambiguous. | D．Disapproving. |
| A．Definitions of over-exercising. |
| B．Effects of excessive exercising. |
| C．Benefits of exercising with friends. |
| D．Approaches to reaching people’s limits. |
| A．Over-exercising can lead to severe stress problems. |
| B．Taking a rest from over-exercising could ease tiredness. |
| C．Brain health can be guaranteed by improving concentration. |
| D．Over-training syndrome is common for those who exercise regularly. |
| A．What is regular exercising? | B．Say no to extreme exercise. |
| C．Take a short break from exercise. | D．How to balance exercise and work? |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】In the Beijing Winter Olympics, we were treated to incredible displays of athletic talents ascompetitors took to the snow and ice. As a popular sport at the Winter Olympics, ski jumping is oneof the best examples to showcase the “superhuman” power of athletes.
Ski jumpers soar into the air and appear to be almost flying in the sky. How do they achieve this? Physics call offer us an explanation of how they make it. It involves the use of the laws of aerodynamics(空气动力学)to fight against gravity and increase lift while reducing drag.
To understand how ski jumping works, we need to consider three elements: gravity, lift and drag. Gravity is the force that pulls us towards an object. Lift occurs when an object is moving through the air—as its surface comes into contact with air particles(微粒), the particles are pushed down and away from the object, allowing it to move up. At the same time, this interaction createsdrag, and slows down an object’s movement.
While there is nothing that the skiers can do about gravity, they can twist their bodies into positions to allow them to achieve greater lift and avoid as much drag as possible. According to the Smithsonian Magazine, “To do this, athletes try their best to make their skis and body nearly parallel to the ground and place their skis in a V-shape just outside the form of the body. This position increases the surface area that produces lift and puts them in the ideal angle that will also maximize(最大化)lift.”
Because of how the sport works, athletes’ equipment is strictly controlled according to weight and height in order to avoid any unfair advantages. This means suits must be tight in order to ensure athletes cannot use them as a way to gain more lift. For athletes, minor day-to-day waterweight changes as little as 300 grams. It can mean that suits will not be tight enough according to their body mass indexes(体重指数).
1. What does the underlined word “It” refer to in the second paragraph?| A．Athletic talent. | B．Ski jumping. |
| C．Physical science. | D．Superhuman power. |
| A．The interaction between force and drag. |
| B．The interaction between gravity and balance. |
| C．The interaction between skiers and air particles. |
| D．The interaction between air particles and gravity. |
| A．Standardized equipment. | B．Specially made suits. |
| C．Strict control of athletes’ height. | D．Much daily water intake. |
| A．The techniques used by ski jumpers. |
| B．Rules of the ski jumping competition. |
| C．Excellent performances in ski jumping. |
| D．The scientific principles behind ski jumping. |
Hi, Liam!
I'm really happy to be your pen friend. I'm 14 years old and I live in Calgary, Canada. I have two little brothers, Brian and Sam. I'm the only girl.
I'm active in sports and I'm always trying something interesting. I like playing hockey (曲棍球) in winter. It's fun! But summer is my favorite time of the year. I love skateboarding and rock climbing (滑滑板和攀岩) in summer.
Many girls think skateboarding is difficult, but it is easy and fun for me. I often skateboard in the park after school. I'm good at jumping with the skateboard!
Rock climbing is also really fun. I usually climb with my dad on the weekend. We can't do it on real mountains often because we live in the city. We often do indoor rock climbing.
So that's me-Little Miss Active! My friends like to call me that. I like the name. What sports do you like? Please write back soon.
Bye for now
Anne
1. How many children are there in Anne's family?2. What does Anne love doing in winter?
3. What does Anne think of skateboarding?
4. Does Anne often go rock climbing on real mountains?
5. What do Anne's friends like to call her?
【推荐3】College sports have many traditions. The tradition in the University of Iowa (UI) is the Hawkeye Wave. When the first quarter is over at Kinnick Stadium, Hawkeye fans turn to University of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital. Together, they wave to the kids receiving treatment and their families.
On the top floor of the hospital is a Press Box, which has an almost perfect view of the field below. Patients and families come together there for Iowa football home games. Kids often tape posters or signs to support the team in their rooms, which fans can see from their seats. If it’s a night game, Hawkeye fans will turn their cellphone lights to wave to the kids watching the game so that this tradition is never missed.
Hawkeye fans derived the idea of the Hawkeye Wave from social media. When the fans reached out for ideas for what they could do during the game, one person posted a suggestion on a social media platform that they could think of a way to give hope, comfort or encouragement to the kids in the hospital and brighten up their day.
Although this sports tradition is relatively new, it is already developing into something better. This year, each home game will feature a “Kid Captain” in the hospital. They’ll get to choose the song that accompanies the Hawkeye Wave. The Kid Captain program began in 2009 to honor patients at UI Stead Family Children’s Hospital and celebrate their inspirational stories. A Kid Captain is picked for each Iowa football game, and each child selected receives a commemorative jersey (纪念球衣) as well as special recognition from the hospital and the football team, and enjoys other behind-the-scenes activities.
Mind-body connections that involve positive thinking have shown wellness benefits for people of all ages. They can help improve an individual’s outlook, no matter how seriously he might be ill. That process starts by simply smiling more. The Hawkeye Wave certainly does that when the kids get to experience it.
1. What does the Press Box serve as?| A．A watching platform. | B．A room forget-togethers. |
| C．A small-sized stadium. | D．A place for entertainment. |
| A．Tested. | B．Obtained. | C．Promoted. | D．Discussed. |
| A．It enriches the Hawkeye Wave. | B．It features kids’ choice of songs. |
| C．It excites kids’ interest in football. | D．It offers gifts to kids in hospital. |
| A．Kid Captain: a particular honor to sick kids. |
| B．College sports: a fuel to mind-body connections. |
| C．Kinnick Stadium: a stage for unusual interaction. |
| D．Hawkeye Wave: a sports tradition to cheer sick kids. |
◆Wake-up When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, lean forward(前俯) until you feel sore(酸痛的) in your back. It will use up 10 calories.
◆Start with soup Order a clear soup, and have it before the main food. In this way, you’ll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
◆An apple or more a day Apples are full of fiber(纤维) and water, so your stomach will want less. Studies show that people who eat at least three apples or pears a day may lose weight.
◆Talk it up Every time you use the cell phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important and standing up and walking around will burn up 50 or more calories.
Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.
1. The text is to encourage you to__________.
| A．go on a diet |
| B．give up your favorite foods |
| C．join a gym |
| D．follow some habits of thin people |
| A．Sit up quickly in the morning |
| B．Have soup before the main food. |
| C．Eat rice instead of apples |
| D．Sit down when using a cell phone. |
| A．Two | B．Three | C．Four | D．Five |
| A．in a magazine | B．in a dictionary |
| C．in a story-book | D．on a map |
| A．Stand up and walk around. |
| B．Sit quietly. |
| C．Lie on the bed. |
| D．Eat an apple. |
【推荐2】Smart thermostats (温控器)have become the face of smart home technology for most, but depending on what your home is like, it's possible to say the Ecobee3 is superior.
Most of the smart thermostats carry the same benefits, including the Ecobee3. They can learn your preferences and schedules, and then adjust the temperature accordingly. They're better-looking and more enjoyable to use than the basic pieces of plastic that occupy most households. And once you're able to heat up or cool down your house from your phone, without having to get out of bed, you won't want to go back to the past.
If you live in a larger house, the Ecobee3 can be much more convenient—offering you a couple of more remote sensors (传感器). Yes it gets pretty expensive at that point. But having those gives you effective control over the temperature in different rooms around your house. In comparison, other thermostats' measurements are largely limited to the area in which they're installed (安装).
If you live in a smaller place, that's no big deal；the Ecobee3 still has distinct advantages. It is touch-enabled, making it less annoying when you want to enter a Wi-Fi passwords see weather information, and so on.
Still, all the smart thermostats are pretty great. Which one is best just depends on whether you need a whole-home solution or a simpler one. For now, if it's the former, go with the Ecobee3. Their presence will probably make you more conscious about saving energy. Ecobee3 Smarter Wi-Fi Thermostat with Remote Sensor is available at all shopping websites.
1. How can you control Ecobee3?| A．By installing Wi-Fi. | B．By replacing its sensors. |
| C．By using the relative phone. | D．By closing power supply. |
| A．Its size is different | B．Its price is lower. |
| C．Its password is simpler. | D．Its coverage area is larger. |
| A．It makes us enjoy travelling and work better. |
| B．It leads us to hope to open a shop online. |
| C．It leads us to build our own smart houses. |
| D．It helps us pay attention to environmental protection. |
| A．To show the future of Ecobee3. |
| B．To attract people to buy Ecobee3. |
| C．To introduce how to use Ecobee3. |
| D．To explain why Ecobee3 was invented. |
【推荐3】With intelligence systems and New Age networks, life in the big cities will likely be happier and more efficient (有效率的). After all, more than 60 percent of the world’s population is expected to live in cities by 2050, according to a UN report. The answer to making these cities more livable for so many people lies in creating “smart” cities. They will use 5G networks and the Internet of Things (LOT) to make everyday life safer and more convenient. Some cities are already using smart technology to improve the lives of their people.
But what exactly does a smart city do? Let’s s look at a few examples. In United States cities of Boston and Baltimore, sensors (传感器) in smart rubbish cans can tell cleaning workers how full they are and when they need to be emptied. In Amsterdam, the Netherlands, traffic flow and energy usage are kept track of and adjusted (调节) according to real-time data collected from sensors around the city. And in Copenhagen, Denmark, a smart bike system allows riders to check on air quality and traffic jams as they ride.
Smart cities will be interactive (互动的), allowing their people to fed like they’re truly shaping their environment, instead of only living in it. It’s very important that we can actually communicate with our environment in a way that we never had in the past. Smart cities will also allow us to save resources. By using sensors and 5G networks to watch over the use of water, gas and electricity, city managers can figure out how to share and save these resources more efficiently.
Of course, it will take time and money to turn our present cities into the smart cities of the future. But as we’ve already seen, more cities around the world are already using smart technology in small ways. It won’t be long before more cities start to develop their own smart systems.
1. What makes it necessary to create smart cities?| A．The development of present cities. |
| B．The increasing population in cities. |
| C．The wide use of 5G networks and IOT. |
| D．The growing number of present cities. |
| A．By adjusting the cans’ position. |
| B．By keeping track of the air quality. |
| C．By emptying the rubbish by themselves. |
| D．By reminding the workers to clean them. |
| A．How smart cities work. |
| B．The future of smart cities. |
| C．The influence of 5G on smart cities. |
| D．How smart cities communicate with us. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Worried. |
| C．Uninterested. | D．Doubtful. |
