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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:49 题号:18633723

American scientists say they’ve developed a way to grow wood materials in a laboratory. The method could create different wood products indoors in a single process, greatly cutting the time and money spent on production and reducing damage to the world’s forests.

Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) showed a proof of concept by growing wood-like structures from cells taken from the leaves of a flowering plant. The process can hopefully simplify and speed up the production of wood products.

“The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” lead researcher Luis said. “The present process for making any wooden product can take many years. First, a tree has to grow. Then, it must be cut down, transported, processed, etc. Lab-grown wood, however, could combine all those steps into one. If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.”

In the wood experiment, the MIT team collected live cells from the leaves of a zinnia plant. The plant cells were then cultured and kept in a special environment. The experiment was carried out indoors, without soil or sunlight. During the process, the researchers used a mixture of two plant hormones (荷尔蒙) that helped the cells grow a thick, strong wood-like structure. With further development, the researchers say they could use the same process to grow wood in specific shapes, such as a table or chair.

“The process can remove difficulties linked to weather and seasonality in traditional agriculture methods,” Luis said. “Though it is still in early development, our team will be working to learn how to better control the final materials that are produced. And, we will also carry out new experiments to see whether the same results can be reached with other kinds of plants.”

David Stern, a plant biologist and president of the Boyce Thompson Institute told MIT News, “It sounds that this technology is very powerful, but what the researchers ignore is that further development of the method would require major financial and intellectual investments.” He also said new issues would arise when parts of forestry and agriculture are brought into the lab.

1. What can the method developed by American scientists be described as?
A.cost-effectiveB.widely applicableC.eco-friendlyD.time-consuming
2. How does Luis explain the disadvantage of the present process of wood production?
A.By using specific figures.B.By providing definitions.
C.By making a comparison.D.By showing causes and effects.
3. Why was a mixture of two plant hormones used in the experiment?
A.To make the wood grow in specific shapes.
B.To promote the growth of the live plant cells.
C.To prevent sunlight from hurting the plant cells.
D.To help the plant cells adapt to the special environment.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Trees that grow naturally will be useless
B.The furniture in your office is probably growing
C.Forests made in the lab will change the environment
D.Scientists develop a method to grow wood in a lab
【知识点】 发明与创造 说明文

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【推荐1】Can robots be creative? British art gallery owner Aidan Meller thinks so. He hopes to begin answering that question with a robot called Ai-Da. Meller is watching the building of all Ai-Da’s parts by engineers at Engineered Arts, a company based in Cornwall, England. The engineers believe the robot will be able to make pictures of people from sight with a writing instrument in her hand. Meller wants the robot to perform like a human artist.

After seeing Ai-Da’s head being carefully brought to life by specialists who were connecting individual hairs to form eyebrows, Meller said, “She’s going to actually be drawing and we’re hoping to then build technology for her to paint.” But also as a performing artist, “she’ll be able to communicate with audiences and actually get messages across, asking those questions about technology today,” he added.

Ai-Da’s robotic head may still be separate from her body, but her movements are very alive. Cameras in each of her eyeballs recognize human body parts. Ai-Da will make eye contact and follow you around the room, opening and closing her mouth as you do. If you get too close, the robot will back away, closing and then opening her eyes as if in shock.

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Ai-Da will make her first public appearance at an exhibition called “Unsecured Futures” at the University of Oxford. Some of her pictures are expected to appear at another show in London later this year.

1. How will Ai-Da do when you get very close to her?
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