【推荐1】People who listen to indie bands are miserable shaggy-haired layabouts(懒惰的人)while fans of rap music are brave and full of self-confidence.

_________ mere narrow-minded opinions, these are the results of an extensive psychological survey of more than 36,000 music lovers, which confirms, once and for all, that our musical tastes really do_________ our personality. But the study’s most remarkable discovery is that lovers of classical music share a high number of personality traits (特征) with those who prefer rocking out to a heavy metal.

The research asked people worldwide to describe their personality and then to list their favourite styles of music. The results show a distinct _________ between people’s personality traits and the style of music they enjoy.

Fans of indie music, for instance, were found to have low self-respect and little_________ but described themselves as creative. Rap enthusiasts, _________, tend to feel good about themselves and are extremely outgoing. Those who love dance music are_________ outgoing but are more likely to be unfriendly and slightly self-centred.

Professor Adrian North, who led the study, suggested that the results explain why so many people bond over music and also why some of us are very_________ about the music we listen to, since it is likely to be closely linked to the person we are.

According to Professor North, both heavy metal and classical fans are_________ by a shared “love of the grandiose”, which means that a Metallica fan is far more likely to listen to Mahler than an indie kid is to give reggae a try.

“Aside from their age difference, they’re_________ the same kind of person,” he said. “Lots of heavy metal fans will tell you that they also__________ Wagner, because it’s big and loud. There’s also a sense of theatre in both heavy rock and classical music, and I__________ that this is what they’re really looking to experience when they listen.”

John Gregson, 23, a classically-trained musician with a passion for heavy metal, __________. “As an instrumentalist, out of all of the main styles of music, heavy metal and classical are the ones which require the most__________ to play---they’re technically very difficult and involve playing at inhumanly fast speeds,” he said. “You feel like you’re in on a secret---you__________ it personally. It also feels like you know something that other people don’t because you__________ a style of music which is often underestimated.”

【推荐2】Dear Ms Cai，

Thank you for your presentation about virtual reality. We were amazed by RealCine's achievement in ______ users to experience the Himalayas, without ever having to go there. Certainly, no one using it for fun and games will be ______. However, in many ways virtual reality seems more like a toy rather than a useful ______. In this case, we would like you to further ______ how we can use this in urban planning. We are not very ______ as to whether an operator will be able to use RealCine easily.

We are concerned about the price, as well. You put forward the idea that we will save ______ if we use RealCine. This may be true in the long term. ______， the cost of building a VR studio is quite high, and this seems like a real ______. Please send us more information on the daily costs and on how much time a design usually ______ using RealCine. Otherwise, we cannot go forward.

While we are very interested in RealCine, we will need much more information before we can make a ______．

【推荐3】More than any other aspect of the climate crisis, it is the over-production of carbon dioxide that has been valued. But nitrogen, and its _________ use in commercial fertilizer, also leads to air pollution and climate change. Evidence suggests their use also contributes to air pollution, increases the rates of cancer and _________ biodiversity, as well as releasing gas (laughing gas).

But nitrogen helps _________ around half the world’s population and remains essential for the foreseeable future. With prices of fertilizer rising, many developing countries don’t _________ it, with resulting threats to food security. The global nitrogen _________ involves both reducing fertilizer use, and getting it to where it’s needed most.

A team of scientists has come up with a five-step plan to solve this _________ problem. Benjamin Houlton, the leader, explains that only by undertaking a _________ approach and combining solutions can the problem be solved on both levels.

The five steps identified involve _________ agricultural practices, getting fertilizer to the places it’s needed, reducing nitrogen pollution and finally, both reducing food waste and promoting a change in diet. The _________ two are essential because approximately one-quarter of all global food produced is wasted along the __________ chain, which means that a large portion of the nitrogen fertilizer __________ to crops is ultimately wasted.

Benjamin admits that adding nitrogen to the list of existing climate woes might cause a sense of exhaustion. __________ he has an encouraging message. “The truth is, nitrogen is a blessing and a __________,” he says, “But if you can reduce the spill-overs of nitrogen, you can quickly get systems to return to the __________ state. That makes it very different from CO₂. We lock in 30 to 50 years of climate impacts every time we send out a molecule of CO₂ into the air. But with nitrogen you can get __________ returns on investment.”

【推荐1】As consumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the world generates 1.3 billion ions of solid waste. This is expected to go up to 2.2 billion by 2025. The developed countries are _________for 44% of waste, and in the U.S. alone, the average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month.

Traditional wisdom would seem to suggest that companies have no interest in_________the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue (营收)they would get from selling new goods._________, more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste. This is_________ driven by the rising price of raw materials and metals. Also, both consumers and companies becoming more aware of the need to protect our environment is another force that contributes.

When choosing what products to buy and which brands to buy from, more and more consumers are looking into sustainability, which is_________ just price and performance they were concerned about in the past. In a survey of 54 of the world's leading brands, almost all of them reported that consumers are showing increasing care about environmental lifestyles. At the same time, surveys on consumers in the U.S. and the U.K. show that they also care about _________ energy use and reducing waste.

_________, consumers control what happens to a product. But some companies are starting to realize that placing the burden of recycling entirely on the consumer is not an effective strategy, especially when_________something seems like the easiest and most convenient option.

Some retailers and manufacturers in the clothing, footwear, and electronics industries have launched _________programs, They want io make their customers interested in __________ their products and preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill. By offering services to help expand the longevity of their products, they're promising quality and __________ to consumers, and receiving the__________ gains for being environmentally friendly and socially responsible.

Enormous opportunities also__________e-waste. It is estimated that in 2014 the world produced some 42 million metric tons of e-waste (discarded electrical and electronic equipment and its parts) with North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metric tons __________. The materials from e-waste include iron, copper, gold, silver, and aluminum-materials that could be reused, resold, recovered, or recycled. Together, the value of these metals is estimated to be about $52 billion. Electronics giants like BestBuy and Samsung have provided e-waste __________programs over the past few years, which aim to refurbish (翻新)old electronic components and parts into new products.

【推荐2】Over the centuries Shakespeare’s plays have gained a reputation for being difficult to understand. But if his work is experienced on stage as Shakespeare intended, then it can become much clearer. In fact 95% of the words used in Shakespeare’s plays are the same words we use today.

The meanings of some words have altered significantly, _________, because Shakespeare was writing at a time of great linguistic change. This gave him a certain amount of _________ license in his language.

So what can Shakespeare’s plays tell us about how people really spoke at this time? And did anyone really speak like his characters? The lines spoken by Corin to Rosalind and Celia in As You Like It probably weren’t _________ of an Elizabethan shepherd.

The first thing to remember about Shakespeare’s work is that he wrote plays to entertain. They are _________ works, and the dialogue was exploited to suit the stage. Therefore his characters’ language did not always _________ how real people would have spoken.

For instance, in As You Like It when Corin, the shepherd, talks of love, his lines are beautiful and poetic – but _________ unrealistic. The lines Shakespeare gave Corin probably wouldn’t have been used by an Elizabethan shepherd – instead they _________ to highlight the drama.

Another example of how the theatrical style enriched Shakespeare’s text can be seen in the structure of his lines. According to the practice of the time, Shakespeare wrote his poems in iambic pentameter(抑扬格五音步) so it was _________ for his actors to learn. When Shakespeare was writing, new plays were performed every day so this 10-beat structure was a great help for anyone having to learn a lot of lines for the next day’s play.

_________ this structure meant that, on occasion, Shakespeare made up or adapted words to fit. __________, on several occasions Shakespeare changed the word “vast” to “vasty” when “vast” did not fit the __________ of the line. But if we look beyond the dialogue to the words themselves we can find out a little of how people really spoke.

We can come close to this thanks to “original pronunciation” which is a system of __________ that reproduce how the Elizabethans are believed to have spoken. Today it sounds like a West Country accent, with echoes of other parts of the country. When we __________ this to Shakespeare’s dialogue, rhymes and puns(押韵与双关) that are not heard in modern English are suddenly revealed.

So through Shakespeare’s plays we can __________ a great deal about how people really spoke. His dialogue was on the whole representative of the language of the time and area and now provides us with invaluable insight into a(n) __________ language.

【推荐3】Face shape lets AI spot rare disorders

People with genetic syndromes sometimes have revealing facial features but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be _______ given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors _______ the possibilities.

Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and _______ a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.

They _______ the neural network, called DeepGestalt,on17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the Al to _______ potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.

Gurovich and his team also _______ the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations(变异) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not _______ but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.

As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are _______ and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.

The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about_______. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to ________ against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. ________, Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians.

This technique could bring________ to those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the ________ of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then ________ the diagnosis through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, ________ help find new treatments or cures.