It’s no secret that non-alcoholic beer tastes much worse than regular beer, but scientists in Denmark now claim to have developed a way of making it taste just as satisfying.
What non-alcoholic beer lacks is the flavor from hops (啤酒花). When you remove the alcohol from the beer, for example by heating it up, you also kill the flavor that comes from hops. Other methods for making alcohol-free beer also lead to poor flavor because alcohol is needed for hops to pass their unique flavor to the beer.
“After years of research, we have found a way to produce monoterpenoids (单萜), which provide the flavor, and then add them to the beer at the end of the process of making beer to give back its lost flavor. No one has been able to do this before, so it’s a game changer for non-alcoholic beer,” the Danish professor added.
This method of artificially recreating the flavor of hops using monoterpenoids is currently being tested in factories producing across Denmark, and the plan is to have a plan ready for the country’s entire beer industry by the end of October.
Although non-alcoholic beer has been growing in popularity at a very rapid pace, the new thing announced by Sotirios Kampranis and his team could have major meaning for the entire beer industry and our environment. Growing hops is a very wasteful process, with one kilogram of hops requiring no less than 2.7 tons of water.
“With our method, we skip hops and the water and the transportation. This means that one kilogram of hops can be produced with more than 10,000 times less water and more than 100 times less CO2,” Kampranis said. “When the monoterpenoids are released from yeast, we collect them and put them into the beer, giving back the taste of regular beer that so many of us know and love.” he added.
1. What plays a key role in making beer?A.Hops. | B.Water. | C.CO2. | D.Patience. |
A.It is the best beer in the market. | B.It has been produced in many countries. |
C.It has the same taste with the traditional beer. | D.It is very popular with the young in Denmark. |
A.It is a process filled with waste. | B.It is environmentally friendly. |
C.It needs better transportation. | D.It gets an unexpected response. |
A.Sports. | B.Culture. | C.Education. | D.Technology. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】A good vegan milk (纯素奶) needs to look like milk and taste like milk, whether it contains fat or not. Vegan milk is only one example in the growing types of plant-based alternatives (替代品) to animal products, such as meat, cheese, eggs and fish. Burger King and McDonald’s sell vegan pies. Last year the world’s largest producer of canned tuna, Thai Union, began to sell a plant-based product. Growing sales show the growing taste for this type of food, which means alternative proteins have come a long way since 1980s.
Producing techniques have been improved, resulting in better products and lower prices of them, which meet the needs of a growing number of people. Some vegetarians say no to meat, but yes to fish. Some people are trying to cut fat for health reasons. Fitness lovers want to develop muscular mass and strength without building up fat. Concerns about animal rights and greenhouse gas from raising livestock (家畜) are driving the environmentalists to limit their intake of animal-based proteins. As is reported, producing a gram of beef gives off 25 times the amount of greenhouse gas as producing a gram of tofu.
However, plant-based proteins are a tough sell in giant markets like India, where diets are already plant-rich, or Nigeria, where meat-eating is a sign of being rich. That limits their global popularity. What’s more, animal products, including milk and meat, are better for children’s bone development, though lab-grown meat and dairy are becoming more nutritious.
All this suggests that alternative proteins have far to go to replace the animal kind. Plant-based foods may no longer be only a side dish in diets, but their makers’ place as the main dish is another matter.
1. Why does the author mention vegan milk in the first paragraph?A.To encourage a healthy diet. |
B.To show people’s growing taste. |
C.To stress the importance of milk. |
D.To introduce the topic of the passage. |
A.Ways to meet the needs of people. |
B.Benefits of animal-based products. |
C.Results of improved producing techniques. |
D.Reasons for choosing plant-based products. |
A.Indian Diets are rich in plant. |
B.Eating meat means being rich. |
C.Plant-based products are produced in labs. |
D.Plant-based products are bad for children. |
A.Supportive. | B.Doubtful. | C.Objective. | D.Unclear. |
【推荐2】On the night of 14th June 1904, New York’s Chinatown was in a deep gloom (低迷). For the past 20 years, the restaurants were filled with those crazy about a taste of real Chinese cooking “chop suey”. But suddenly, all that seemed at risk. A few days earlier, a chef named Lem Sen had arrived, saying he had invented it a decade before while working at a restaurant in San Francisco. His recipe had been stolen by an American diner to make money. Through his lawyer, he demanded restaurants pay him for using his recipe.
Chop suey was first mentioned by Chinese-American journalist Wang Chin Foo in a list of common dishes he thought most attractive to Western tastes. As he explained, “each Chinese cook has his own recipe. The main parts are pork, bacon, chicken, mushroom, bamboo shoots, onion, and pepper, while accidental ones are duck, beef, salted black beans etc. Yet it is often considered by Westerners that this is a ‘national dish of China’ more than any other dish they’ve known.”
Although a hyperbolic way to introduce this dish, it clearly showed that chop suey was indeed of Chinese origin. Where exactly its roots lay has been debated; but it was probably first cooked in Taishan, Guangdong, where most early immigrants to America had grown up. In 1866, the journalist Allan Forman noticed it as a delicious dish despite its “mysterious nature”, and nine years later, the first recipe appeared in magazines, with some un-Chinese ingredients thrown in.
It was not long before a myth making began. In 1896, Li Hongzhang visited New York, and newspapers mistakenly reported that while refusing Western dishes at a banquet (宴会), he had enthusiastically accepted a plate of chop suey. This caused a great hit, and many who never heard of it before simply assumed that it was introduced to the US by Li Hongzhang, which accidentally promoted the dish’s popularity.
1. What is the purpose of a chef’s story in paragraph 1?A.To describe food history. | B.To bring out chop suey. |
C.To show risky business world. | D.To introduce a law case. |
A.Fixed ingredients. | B.Its popularity overseas. |
C.Un-Chinese nature. | D.Mixed national identities. |
A.remarked beyond reality | B.explained in greater details |
C.praised in something common | D.commented based on the origin |
A.Li Hongzhang promoted this dish. | B.Its popularity was based on facts. |
C.Mass media belonged to the root cause. | D.Public opinions voiced acceptance. |
[1]Cooking carrots whole before chopping them up increases their anti-cancer properties by 25 percent, researchers say.
[2]Leaving the vegetable intact (完整的) prevents valuable nutrients from being easily washed away into water. They can then be chopped up once cooked without loss of nutrients.
[3]Carrots have long been prized for their health benefits, especially their vitamin and fiber content. They contain huge amounts of carotenoids which are converted into vitamin A in the body. They are also an excellent source of the anti-cancer compound falcarion (镰叶芹醇). In a previous study, Dr Kirsten Brandt found rats fed on a diet containing carrots or isolated falcarino were less likely to develop tumors than those which were not.
[4]They also found that carrots boiled before they were cut contained 25 percent more falcarino than those that were chopped up first. Carrots which are cut have a higher surface area in contact with water, resulting in greater loss of nutrients, compared with boiling them whole. The heat softens the cell walls in the vegetable, allowing vitamins and falcarino to leach (过滤)out.
[5]Dr Brandt said, "The great thing about this is that it's a simple way for people to increase their uptake of a compound, which is good for you. All you need is a bigger saucepan. Naturally occurring sugars, responsible for giving the carrots its sweet flavor, were also found in higher concentration in carrots that had been cooked whole."
[6]The team also carried out a taste on almost 100 volunteers comparing carrots boiled before being cut and some that are cut up first. More than 80 percent of volunteers said that carrots cooked whole tasted much better.
[7]Boiling carrots whole appears to help them keep more of the nutrients. This is really a piece of good news because the method is of great value. Some other vegetables, such as parsnips (欧洲萝卜) which are from the same family and have a roughly similar size and texture can also be more nutritious by ________.
1. What’ s the main idea of the passage? (No more than 10 words)2. Complete the following statement with proper words. (No more than 2 words)
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 7 with proper words. (No more than 3 words)
4. Why do people regard carrots as healthful vegetables? (No more than 8 words)
5. What does the word “those ”(line 2, paragraph 4) probably refer to? (No more than 2 words)
【推荐1】Israeli researchers say they have invented a reusable face mask that can kill the coronavirus with heat by drawing power from a mobile phone charger.
The disinfecting (消毒) process takes about half an hour—and users should not wear the mask while it is plugged in, said Professor Yair Ein-Eli, who led the research team at Technion University in Haifa. The new mask has a USB port that connects to a power source such as a standard cell-phone charger that heats an inner layer of carbon fibres to 70 degrees Celsius, high enough to kill viruses.
Ein-Eli said disposable masks were not economically or environmentally friendly. “You have to make it reusable and friendly, and this is our solution,” he said.
Professor Allon Moses, an infectious diseases expert at Jerusalem’s Hadassah Medical Center, said there was “no question” that a half hour’s exposure to 70-degrce heat would kill the coronavirus. But he cautioned that repeated heating could “damage the mask’s paper or fabric and spoil its ability to protect from diseases in the future”.
During testing, the prototype was exposed to 20 heating cycles, each for half an hour, with no impact on durability, Ein-Eli said. “We can guarantee it up to a few dozen cycles, without any risk,” he added.
The prototypc looks like a standard N95 face mask, with a valve (阀) at the front and bands to hold it in place around the head. The researchers submitted (递交) a patent for the mask in the United States in late March and say they are discussing commercializing the product with the private sector.
1. How long does the disinfecting process usually take?A.Around 20 minutes. | B.Around 30 minutes. |
C.Around 60 minutes. | D.Around 70 minutes. |
A.To kill viruses thoroughly. | B.To spread a novel idea. |
C.To replace the traditional ones. | D.To make reusable and friendly ones. |
A.The reusable face masks could be unhealthy. |
B.70-degree heat would hurt people in a way. |
C.The cost of reusable face masks might be high. |
D.The function of mask to prevent disease could be affected. |
A.A Mask for Curing the Coronavirus |
B.The Latest Style of the Standard N95 |
C.A Kind of Mask Killing Viruses with Heat |
D.The Cheapest Mask Instead of the Standard N95 |
【推荐2】It is becoming more and more important for researchers to closely observe our sea life, with climate change and overfishing damaging our oceans. However, this is almost impossible since human presence scares the animals. Now, thanks to The Soft Robotic Fish, also called SoFi, researchers may not only be able to keep a close eye on the creatures, but also uncover undersea secrets that have been confusing us for centuries.
Built by MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), the snow-white remote-controlled robot closely emulates real fish, complete with a flexible tail and two "fins". Though not the first autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) created to observe the oceans, SoFi solves many of the issues that have hindered (妨碍)the usefulness of previous robots.
AUVs traditionally have had to be tied to a boat because radio frequency communications do not work well underwater. To solve the problem, CSAIL director Daniela Rus and her team used sound waves which can travel greater distances, allowing drivers using a waterproofed Super Nintendo controller to pilot SoFi from up to 50 feet away. To ensure SoFi can freely move around the ocean, a pump moves water from one balloon-like structure to the other through its soft rubber tail, while a controller fitted with a battery powers the robot through the ocean, unhindered by propellers (螺旋桨).
During test dives in Fiji's Rainbow Reef, SoFi moved alongside the sea life at depths of 50 feet for up to 40 minutes at a time, taking high-resolution photos and videos. Even more importantly, it was able to do so without causing any disturbance. The researchers say sometimes the fish would swim alongside the strange-looking robo- fish out of curiosity, while at other times they appeared completely unaware of its existence.
While SoFi currently only records videos, future versions will include sensors. "For us, this fish is magical," says Rus. “We imagine someday it might help us uncover more mysteries from the amazing underwater world that we know so little about."
1. Why was SoFi created?A.To protect fish from being caught. |
B.To stop oceans from being polluted. |
C.To learn about the underwater world |
D.To solve the issues AUVs have found. |
A.Feeds. | B.Catches. |
C.Protects. | D.Imitates. |
A.The development of AUVs. |
B.Working principles of SoFi. |
C.How AUVs are used underwater. |
D.SoFi's contribution to fish protection. |
A.It will not scare real fish. | B.It can record videos. |
C.It is equipped with sensors. | D.It cannot be seen by real fish. |
【推荐3】Tech giants Apple and Google are teaming up to create a system that would let smartphone users know when they’ve come into contact with someone who has COVID-19.
The technology would rely on the Bluetooth signals that smartphones can both send out and receive. If a person tests positive for COVID-19, they could inform public health authorities through an app. Those public health apps would then warn anyone whose smartphones had come near the infected person’s phone within 14 days.
The technology could be used on both Google Android phones and Apple iPhones. The companies insist that they will preserve smartphone users’ privacy. Smartphone users must choose to use it independently. The software will not collect data on users’ physical locations or their personally identifiable information. People who test positive would remain anonymous(匿名的), both to the people who came in contact with them and to Apple and Google.
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has warned that using cellphone data to address the pandemic(流行病) may carry risks of “invasions of privacy, abuse of information, and stigmatization(污名化)”.
An adviser from ACLU, Jennifer Granick said that the joint Apple and Google project “appears to mitigate the worst privacy and concentration risks, but there is still room for improvement.” She added that contact tracking apps should be “voluntary and used only for public health purposes and only for the period of this pandemic.”
Google and Apple say their technology will be used only by public health authorities to track the spread of COVID-19.
A team at MIT also has been working on a contact-tracking system that similarly uses Bluetooth signals to identify when people have come near each other.
Apple and Google are carrying out their contact-tracking technology in two steps. In mid-May, they will release(发布) software that will let public health authorities build apps that exchange information via Bluetooth. In the coming months, they will update their operating systems so phones can share information without having to install an app.
1. What can we learn from the text?A.The system knows when a person has COvID-19. |
B.The technology can be used in any type of phone. |
C.The companies promise to ensure the users’ privacy. |
D.Using smartphone data will definitely bring risks to users. |
A.Solve. | B.Reduce. | C.Increase. | D.Take. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Unconcerned | C.Caring | D.Objective. |
A.To inform the readers of a new technology. |
B.To recommend the readers to use a new app |
C.To warn the users of the risks of the software. |
D.To praise Tech giants for their contribution. |
【推荐1】Global waming is the increase of the earth’ s average surface temperature due to the effect of greenhouse gases, for example, carbon dioxide, which traps heat that would otherwise escape from the earth. After the trees are cut down and more greenhouse gases are released, the “blanket’around the earth called the ozone layer(臭氧层), will get thicker. This catches more heat and makes the earth hotter. Luckily, there are many things that every citizen of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it is never too late or too early for children to take action.
The children should learn what a carbon footprint is. A carbon footprint is the amount of carbonand greenhouse gases people make as they lead the daily life and go about the normal activities. In other words, the carbon footprint is a measure of the environmental impact(冲击)the life has. To live an environmentally friendly life that doesn’t contribute to global warming, people want to have the smallest carbon footprint possible.
Almost everything people do contributes to global warming and is related to fossil fuel consumption. These can be direct uses of fossil fuels, like riding in a gasoline-powered car, or indirect contributions to greenhouse gases, such as eating fruits or vegetables that have to be shipped from far away to reach their tables.
If a child wants to make a contribution to reducing global warming, he should ridc a bicycle tothe near park, school, his friend’s house, or anywhere else instead of taking the car. Or he may try to walk or jog, which is also helpful. In addition, although trains and buses often run on fossil fuels, on average, each person uses less energy and produces less polution to run. Next time if children with their parents have to get around town or it’s too far to walk or bike, take the bus or other public transportation instead of asking for a ride.
1. What is the main reason for global warming?A.Too much greenhouse gases being released. |
B.The ozone layer having caught more heat. |
C.Too many trees having been cut down. |
D.The earth’s inner temperature having increased. |
A.Life has an impact on carbon footprint. |
B.The definition of a carbon footprint. |
C.People should live an environmental friendly life. |
D.People make a huge amount of carbon and greenhouse gases. |
A.Scientists. | B.Parents. |
C.Children educators. | D.Adults. |
A.What Can People Do to Use Less Energy? |
B.Why Does Global Warming Affects Humans’ Life? |
C.How Can Kids Help Reduce Global Warming? |
D.How Does Carbon Footprints Measure Pollution? |
【推荐2】Heavy traffic doesn’t stop big mammals like bears from crossing highways — nor does it keep smaller creatures from being squished (压扁) by cars. In just two years along one highway in Utah, more than 100 animals were killed in traffic accidents. In the United States, there are 21 endangered species whose survival is threatened by traffic accidents.
However, there’s one way to reduce crashes between cars and animals crossing the road: wildlife under and overpasses. Looking much like a regular overpass for cars, but decorated with native plants, they aren’t particularly noticeable unless you know what you’re looking for. The drivers may not be able to see the under crossings. But they’re helping countless species to pass the highways, from gold monkeys in Brazil to water voles in London.
Washington State is one of the latest to join in. Building its first wildlife bridge began in 2015 over Interstate 90 (I-90), which runs from Seattle to Boston. Though it’s just a bare set of arches now, with native plants to be planted next year, deer and wolves are already using it. Along with six underpasses built since 2013, these crossings are the first in a set of 20 along a 15-mile stretch of highway on I-90. These passes will allow black bears and mountain lions to pass through what was once an impenetrable road.
These wildlife crossings aren’t just about saving individual animals — they’re about species survival, too. I-90 is an economically important east-west lifeline in the state. But many of the animals mostly want to move from north to south. Those animals on the south of the highway got trapped in an island. Inbreeding (近亲繁殖) became a potential problem. Localized extinction happens if they don’t have genetic variability. The Snoqualmie overpass helps reconnect these isolated (隔绝的) populations. I-90’s underpasses are important in connecting waterways and species.
1. Why does the author talk about the heavy traffic in Paragraph 1?A.To show the results of wildlife protection. |
B.To indicate its serious threat of over speeding. |
C.To raise people’s awareness of the behavior of wildlife. |
D.To introduce the following way to protect wild animals. |
A.Letting drivers see highways. | B.Building highway crossing for animals. |
C.Decorating busy roads with native plants. | D.Noticing under and overpasses while driving. |
A.Because they can protect native plants for animals. |
B.Because they are economically important for the country. |
C.Because they can help animals trapped in the island on the north. |
D.Because they will prevent species from dying out for lacking genetic variety. |
A.Isolated Wildlife: A Potential Problem |
B.Highway Accidents: A Killer of Wild Animals |
C. Wildlife Bridges: A Solution to Wildlife Protection |
D.Wildlife Crossing: A Regular Overpass for Wildlife |
【推荐3】Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always rely on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and makes a friendship grow. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to friends. They tell your friends what is important to you. By sharing then you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with problems. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.
1. Some friendships don’t last long because __________.A.there are too many people who want to make friends |
B.some people receive friendship but don’t give friendship back |
C.those who give others friendship receive friendship from others |
D.they don’t know friendship is something serious |
A.something countable | B.the base of friendship |
C.as important as money | D.more important than anything else |
A.Always tell your friend the truth. |
B.Sharing your mind with your friend is of great value. |
C.Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem. |
D.A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend. |
A.Honesty Is the Best Policy | B.A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed |
C.How to Be a Friend | D.Three Important Points in Life |