What makes you happy? You may want to answer that spending time with your family, taking a vacation or driving a new sports car makes you happy but the key to happiness may be altruism. Helping others may actually improve your happiness.
According to Time Magazine, the greatest thinkers in the world have suggested that true happiness is found in helping others and now there is scientific research from a team of psychologists at the University of Missouri-Columbia to prove it.
While Americans are guaranteed (保证) the pursuit (追求) of happiness in their Declaration of Independence, it is usually referring to individual rights and is self-serving (自私的). The researchers led by Liudmila Titova and Kenno n Sheldon looked at whether pursuing happiness for others will actually make people happier. They found that it does.
Two experiments were conducted by the team, according to Psychology Today. The first experiment asked participants to recall (回忆) a time that they tried to make themselves or another person happy. They were asked to write about the event and rate how happy it made them feel. In the second experiment, they were asked to remember a time that they tried to make someone else happy and also write about how it made them feel. This experiment produced a higher rate of happiness than the first.
“The results of these studies include findings from previous research showing that people get improved personal happiness from attempts to make other people happy—an approach that might seem unbelievable for a lot of people at first,” researchers wrote in the study.
But how does the research translate into real life? Find your passion and share your values. Whatever you do, the key is to find an approach that works for you and let it come naturally. Remember that improving happiness is a benefit of helping others and not the goal.
1. What does the underlined word “altruism” in paragraph 1 mean?A.Earning money. | B.Finding happiness. | C.Loving family. | D.Helping others. |
A.By doing two experiments. | B.By comparing with other researches. |
C.By showing previous research. | D.By presenting some facts. |
A.Set a goal for the future. | B.Do something for others. |
C.Find your passion for work. | D.Sha re your happiness naturally. |
A.Improving Others’ Happiness Matters | B.Sharing Your Goals Makes You Happy |
C.Helping Others Could Improve Happiness | D.Improving Happiness Benefits People A Lot |
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Much was made of the Institute of Medicine’s 1999 report that 44,000 to 98,000 people die each year in hospitals from preventable medical errors, many of them made by doctors.
The report stated much first-hand information to address the problem, but there was little discussion about how doctors, when they have made mistakes, should deal with their patients,
Everyone assumes that the ever-present threat of accusation has made doctors more anxious about admitting error, and no doubt it has, But doctors have always been tight-lipped about their mistakes, in part to preserve an illusion(幻觉,错误的信仰) of medical omnipotence(全能)
Studies suggest that patients are less likely to accuse doctors when they apologize for mistakes, and many hospitals now encourage their physicians to admit their errors. According to an supportive group called The Sorry Works! Coalition, 16 states have already passed laws giving doctors legal immunity(饶恕) for their apologies to patients.
Of course, there are plenty of doctors with a nice bedside manner who can get away with bad treatment. How else to explain patients who often line up in court to support doctors accused of malpractice(失职)?
The surprising truth is that many patients have a hard time knowing whether they are really getting good medical care.
Because so many diseases change randomly over time, patients sometimes spontaneously(自发的) improve despite improper treatment. On the other hand, a patient who receives exemplary medical care may fare badly(情况不好) simply because the illness is hard to treat. In other words, doctors are often praised or blamed, when the outcome is in fact a chance event.
Many, perhaps even most, medical errors probably have little ill effect and go unnoticed by patients. Many lawyers would disagree, but doctors ought to let their patients know when they’ve made a mistake; it humanizes them and builds trust.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.The doctor made the mistake deliberately so they do not apologize. |
B.Doctors never tell the patient they have made a mistake. |
C.The patients won’t forgive the doctor if he make the mistake. |
D.The patient will usually forgive the doctor when the mistake are not intentional. |
A.But there should be more subjects in medical school. |
B.But there should be something more specific in the Oath. |
C.But the doctor should not make any mistake. |
D.But there should be something to tell the doctor what to do when they make a mistake. |
A.Supportive | B.Critical |
C.Indifferent | D.Neutral |
【推荐2】Hearing aids usually bring to mind images of ugly, ineffective devices mainly worn by the elderly. But this ill repute is quickly changing, as they’ve recently taken a turn thanks to two innovators, Dr. Marco Vietor and Paul Crusius, who now lead the fastest-growing hearing aid company in the world—hear.com.
Hear.com’s years of research led to the development of two game-changing hearing aids—the Silk and Styletto. These impressive devices pack cutting-edge technology in designs that are practically invisible. They also use a unique way that has been clinically proven to deliver better-than-normal hearing so you can clearly understand speech in any environment. With additional features like Bluetooth and rechargeability, today’s hearing aids are attracting even younger customers skilled in tech.
But hear.com knows it’s not just about tech and design. They’ve put an enormous effort into the entire experience to make hearing care more accessible and more affordable. “Everyone should be able to hear well to live well,” Crusius says. “And it’s very individual. Each person’s hearing loss is different and requires a personalized approach to find the best solution.”
“We hear with our brains, not our ears. And it takes at least 30 days for our brain to adjust and relearn how to hear again with new hearing aids,” Dr. Vietor says. “To guarantee your best outcome with hearing aids, we developed the industry’s first 30-day program, Hearing Success Program, so customers have that extra level of care and knowledge to succeed.”
And it’s working. Hear.com has now helped more than 100,000 customers improve their hearing. Their A+ rating with the Better Business Bureau and 5-star rating on the customer review platform, Trustpilot, speaks for itself.
Hear.com’s “never corporate” and “customer first” approach also helps drive the company’s success, encouraging employees to act like owners and put customers first. “We’re investing heavily in shaping our company culture,” Crusius says. “Individuals who work at hear.com say they are here to do more than a job. They’re helping change lives all around the world.”
1. What does the underlined part “this ill repute” in Para 1 refer to?A.Hearing aids being too expensive to afford. |
B.Hearing aids ignoring the needs of the elderly. |
C.Hearing aids developing at a really slow pace. |
D.Hearing aids being poor in design and function. |
A.The popularity of hear.com’s hearing aids. |
B.The innovations in hear.com’s hearing aids. |
C.The benefits brought by hear.som’s hearing aids. |
D.The effort hear.com’s made to develop hearing aids. |
A.Add attractive features to hearing aids. |
B.Help customers adjust to new hearing aids. |
C.Find the possible causes for customers’ hearing loss. |
D.Educate people about the consequences of hearing loss. |
A.They take pride in their work. |
B.They lack a sense of belonging. |
C.They reject the company culture. |
D.They cooperate well with review platforms. |
A.Products and services of a hearing aid company. |
B.Hearing problems in the elderly. |
C.The company culture of hear.com. |
D.Younger customers’ interest in hearing aids. |
【推荐3】Benefits of Forest Bathing
Forest bathing means spending time in nature to promote physical and mental health. In recent years, forest bathing has gained popularity around the world. This practice encourages people to connect with nature by taking slow walks, engaging in activities such as yoga or meditation, and embracing the present moment.
Aid in reducing stress
Forest bathing can help reduce stress. Connecting with nature decreases cortisol(皮质醇) levels, the hormone responsible for feelings of stress.
A natural mood enhancer
If you want to elevate your mood, take a trip to the forest. A forest bathing trip can ease your mood significantly.
It’s no secret that nature plays a vital role in human life, and the two are strongly connected. In natural environments, plants and trees release some special oils, which can protect plants from germs. They also have many human health benefits. In addition to enhancing mood, these oils are also a natural immunity booster.
Inspire focus and concentration
A.Improve your intelligence |
B.Help boost your immune system |
C.It can help reduce your anxiety, depression, and tiredness |
D.Forest bathing provides an opportunity to escape disturbance |
E.Here are some ways you can benefit from going into the forest |
F.So the more time you spend in nature, the more relaxed you will be |
G.Here are the benefits of forest bathing that you can start gaining today |
【推荐1】Parents annoyed by their little ones’ picky food choices often sigh in anger, thinking, “They’ll grow out of it by college.” Maybe not, suggests a new study from Bowling Green State University in Ohio. Some young people continue their picky eating into early adulthood, often restricting their diets to 10 food s or even fewer. Such a deficient diet can mean they’re not getting the fibre (纤维) and vegetables they need, which could be a health problem. The study also suggests picky eaters may also be experiencing other challenges such as social phobias (恐惧症), including around eating. The social phobia is the fear of being judged by others during everyday activities, often resulting in fear or embarrassment.
For the study, researchers surveyed 488 Midwestern college students. About 40% of the students were identified as picky eaters. And about 65% of those respondents said they ate fewer than 10 foods. “We asked participants to just tell us what challenges around picky eating might have had or any benefits they might see, and people answered differently in terms of what has an effect on them,” said co-author Lauren Dial, a doctoral student at Bowling Green State at the time of the study.
Many indicated they’d eat less or not at all outside the home. One 19-year-old man said he’d drink water half the time “due to my picky eating”, according to the study. Another 18-year-old said, “Sometimes there are some awkward comments when I am eating with my girlfriend and her family.” A 23-year-old woman said her parents would get frustrated at her refusal to try the foods she was served.
“Picky eating does have a lot to do with the presentation of foods (how they’re presented on a plate), and the texture (口感) of foods,” Dial said, “but there’s also fear of trying new foods and that might play into picky eating.” By learning more about picky eating in adults, the researchers said they may be able to determine how best to intervene (干预) before the problem becomes more severe for some people.
1. What can best replace the underlined word “deficient” in paragraph 1?A.High-fibre. | B.Low-fat. | C.Balanced. | D.Limited. |
A.Record how often they eat out. |
B.Ignore what influences their eating. |
C.Express how picky eating affects them. |
D.Count how many kinds of foods they prefer. |
A.By presenting data. | B.By making comparisons. |
C.By following time order. | D.By providing examples. |
A.It has something to do with family traditions. |
B.It can be easily cured by the researchers. |
C.It can have both physical and mental reasons. |
D.It often comes along with serious mental illnesses. |
【推荐2】Road systems are necessary for public transport. Street network is indeed convenient for humans.
Wildlife crossings are in the form of bridges overpasses and underpass tunnels.
The first wildlife crossing ever made was in the form of bridges for animals. In the 1950’ s, France constructed several animal bridges to protect both animals and humans from vehicle collisions.
However, the importance of ecological crossings cannot be denied. Regardless of the negative impacts, they play a vital role in the preservation and restoration of habitat and species.
A.Diseases may also use the crossings to spread, |
B.The wildlife bridges can have negative results as well. |
C.Europe surely leads the way in terms of wildlife bridges. |
D.These structures provide safe passageways for passing animals. |
E.These crossings are used by an increasing number of mammals. |
F.But roads and highways have done more harm than good to animals. |
G.More ecoducts should be built to provide a safe space for the species. |
【推荐3】Nowadays the food system is facing pressure from climate change population growth and pandemic. Fortunately, new technologies are appearing that promise to produce food in new ways and even in a lower environmental footprint. These range from bioreactors(生物反应器)that grow meat to new ways of producing fish.
However, making food in new ways does not mean people will be willing to eat it. Given food's cultural importance, and the fact that it is taken into the body, some people have doubts about new food and production processes. In the 17th-century Europe many people were unwilling to eat a new vegetable called the potato because it was not mentioned in the Bible(圣经). Today, many European countries ban the sale of genetically modified(转基因)crops, even though they are widely grown and eaten elsewhere.
At the same time, though new foods are shunned traditional foods and farming are valued. Many Western consumers are willing to pay extra for food produced by organic(有机的)farming because it resists "chemicals".
Yet timeless food traditions are often shallower than they seem. In the 16th century, food crops from the Americans rapidly spread around the world. Potatoes were eventually widely adopted in Europe(the invention of French fries helped). Coffee from Arabia and tea from China were unknown in Europe before the 17th century.
Today the new foods and processes present opportunities to create delicious and sustainable(可持续的)new traditions. Western consumers should give plant-based hamburgers and 3D-printed steaks a try. Governments, especially in Europe and America should simplify their processes for approving cultured meat, be more open to gene-editing crops, and speed up approval of catable insects for animal feed and human consumption. A new plan of the food system is needed. But that will be possible only if both consumers and governments are prepared to be more daring about what to cat for dinner.
1. What does the underlined word "shunned" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.avoided. | B.ruined. |
C.favored. | D.progressed. |
A.People blindly stick to the tradition. |
B.People tend to think little of tradition. |
C.People are not totally true to the tradition. |
D.People are faithful to the tradition all the time. |
A.Unclear. | B.Critical. |
C.Doubtful. | D.Positive. |