China has a unique advantage that is recognized by the world: its huge market. China has a population of more than 1.4 billion, larger than the combined population of all developed countries today. It is predicted that in the next 15 years or so, China’s middle-income group will grow from 400 million to 800 million.
McKinsey Global Institute estimates that in 2020, 55 Chinese cities could be classified as high-income cities, covering 27 percent of China’s population. By 2030, the number of high-income cities in China will increase to 93, which will be home to 44 percent of the population.
China is the biggest engine of global growth and is expected to contribute to one-third of global growth this year.
China has recently announced a series of new measures to promote opening-up, including improving the protection mechanism (机制) for foreign investment rights and interests, further reducing the negative list for foreign investment access, and guaranteeing the national treatment of foreign-invested ventures. This once again shows China’s determination to build a market-oriented (以市场为导向的), law-based and international business environment.
China’s advantages are reflected in its comprehensive cost performance, including world-class infrastructure, complete industrial structure, long industry chains and the responsiveness of the government system, as well as its large number of entrepreneurs (企业家) and high-quality workers. These are competitive advantages that no other country has all of.
Statistics show that in the first 10 months of this year, 41,947 new foreign-invested enterprises were established in China, an increase of 32.1 percent year-on-year. It is fair to say that whoever gives up on the Chinese market is separating themselves from opportunities and the future. China brings energy, certainty and growth to a world that is in short supply of them as it enters a period of change. That explains China's continued appeal to the foreign business community.
1. According to Paragraphs 1&2, which of the following might the author agree with?A.China’s high-income cities will house 44 percent of the population in 2030. |
B.China’s population is larger than the population of all developing countries. |
C.China’s middle-income group will increase by 800 million in the next 15 years. |
D.China’s 27 percent population could be classified as low-income group in 2020. |
A.Protecting foreign investment rights and interests better. |
B.Reducing the negative list for foreign investment access. |
C.Announcing a series of new measures to promote opening-up. |
D.Ensuring the national treatment of foreign-invested ventures. |
A.The numerous entrepreneurs. | B.The world’s first-class facilities. |
C.The overall industrial structure. | D.The insufficient industry chains |
A.To persuade us to become entrepreneurs. |
B.To share information about Chinese market. |
C.To tell us how to improve China’s economy. |
D.To appeal to the foreign business community. |
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【推荐1】Because of the financial crisis in the US and UK, college students are beginning to struggle to find ways to pay their tuition fees and accommodations.
Recently, two major US student loan (贷款) lenders, Citibank and JPMorgan Chase, announced they were leaving the student loan industry altogether. Because banks currently have a lack of credit, they are reluctant to offer students low-interest loans that need a several-year wait for any return of interest.
In the US, many undergraduates fill up their financial needs with a private loan, although the majority can get government-funded loans. In the 2015-2016 academic year, $ 17 billion in private student loans was used to finance higher education. The lack of private funding has yet to be covered and will hit many US students hard.
Across the Atlantic, UK students have been less troubled by the crisis. Most undergraduates in the UK cover their university expenses with government-funded loans and grants. Their biggest concern is a sudden increase in student rent.
Most young professionals now rent houses, since 80 percent of UK mortgage schemes (按揭计划) have disappeared—a direct result of the credit crisis. This has boosted the house rent market.
In large cities, UK students are paying almost 6.5 percent more in rent than the previous year. Figures from the UK organization Accommodation for Student show students in big cities such as London paying an average weekly rent of $ 203.
Yet, despite students’ suffering, the number of this year’s university applications is expected to grow. During economic slumps, people regard further education as a way to survive tough job market.
1. What does the underlined word “reluctant” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Forced. | B.Unwilling. |
C.Determined. | D.Pleasant. |
A.A lack of education. |
B.The low-interest loan. |
C.The short fall in private funding. |
D.A lack of government-funded loan. |
A.House rent. |
B.Further education. |
C.Mortgage schemes. |
D.Government-funded loans. |
A.College students in the US and UK are faced with their financial crisis |
B.It is the duty for the governments to solve college students’ financial crisis |
C.Further education is a good way for college students to survive tough job market |
D.The private student loan is a good way for college students to overcome the difficulties |
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many people viewed cities negatively — crowded, dirty environments full of disease and crime. They feared that as cities got bigger, living conditions would worsen. In recent decades, however, attitudes have changed. Many experts now think urbanization (城市化) is good news, offering solutions to the problems of Earth’s growing population.
Harvard economist Edward Glaeser, author of The Victory of the Cir, is one such person. Glaeser argues that cities are very productive because “the absence of space between people” reduces the cost of transporting goods, people, and ideas. While the flow of goods has always been important to cities, what is most important today is the flow of ideas. Successful cities enable people to learn from each other easily, and attract and reward smart people with higher wages.
Another urbanization supporter is environmentalist Stewart Brand. Brand believes cities help the environment because they allow haft of the world’s population to live on about four percent of the land. This leaves more space for open country, such as farmland. City dwellers also have less impact per person on the environment than people in the countryside. Their roads, sewers, and power lines need fewer resources to build and operate. City apartments require less energy to heat, cool, and light. Most importantly, people in cities drive less so they produce fewer greenhouse gases per person.
So it’s a mistake to see urbanization as evil; it’s a natural part of development. The challenge is how to manage the growth.
1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?
A.The history of modern cities. |
B.Changes taking place within cities. |
C.How cities have grown over time. |
D.Why modern cities are changing. |
A.They now view the weaknesses as strengths. |
B.They no longer see city-riving as attractive. |
C.They accept city life in spite of its problems. |
D.They think city-riving provides more benefits. |
A.Cities provide more economic opportunities. |
B.City people get along better with each other. |
C.Over-crowded cities result in problems. |
D.Cities limit the flow of ideas. |
A.Economic production would be reduced. |
B.There would be less farmland available. |
C.People would travel less frequently. |
D.House values would fall greatly. |
【推荐3】Fractional ownership is a percentage ownership of a specific asset (资产). It has often been used to share the ownership of expensive assets such as expensive boats, private planes and so on. When the value of the asset increases, the ownership shares do as well. Co-owners also share equally the costs carried by the asset. Most recently, the same concept of fractional ownership was applied to art as well. The logic is the same. Multiple people own one artwork and share the benefits and the costs of the asset. Galleries and artists, instead of selling one artwork to one person, they can sell it to more than 1000 art lovers.
Co-ownership of art gives the possibility to everyone to participate in the art market. The potential market for artworks is suddenly way bigger. Only a few people can afford artworks that cost more than £100,000. But everyone can afford to buy some shares priced at £10 each. On top of this, all co-owners share the costs involved with the acquisition of an artwork. For art lovers that are just starting to collect art for investment (投资) reasons, co-ownership of art can be a great tool to start learning and understanding the market without risking too much capital. For big collectors instead, sharing the ownership of an artwork is an easy way to diversify their portfolio (投资组合) without having the burden of managing the asset.
For many years only wealthy people could afford to buy expensive artworks. Because of this, most artworks are hidden in private collections and dark storages since decades where the public has no access to. And, if we think that art is supposed to deliver important messages and topics and is the representation of our past and present, it seems incredible that art has become something that few people can fully enjoy. Fractional ownership of art, by giving everyone the possibility to co-own art, has the power to greatly change this. Suddenly, art becomes an asset available to everyone and, by being more accessible, it starts to attract way more people.
1. Which of the following is a kind of fractional ownership?A.A wealthy businessman owns a private ship. |
B.A museum event is attended by 1000 art lovers. |
C.Galleries and artists sold one artwork to one person. |
D.10 friends bought a house priced at S10,000 together. |
A.The potential market for artworks. |
B.The source of capital for investment. |
C.The benefit of fractional ownership. |
D.The development of fractional ownership. |
A.Art contributes greatly to social economy. |
B.Co-ownership of art benefits the general public. |
C.Only wealthy people could afford expensive artworks. |
D.Fractional ownership is a way to invest without risk. |
【推荐1】There’s a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too that’s why it made Nov 16 “International Day for Tolerance”.
But first of all, what is tolerance? French philosopher Voltaire (1694 — 1778) can give us some help. According to him, tolerance “is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other’s folly — that is the first law of nature.”
Nobody’s perfect. When we’re tempted to criticize another person, we should perhaps remember our own imperfections first.
Very often, people don’t realize that they’re intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN’s campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don’t put themselves in the shoes of women.
It’s worth thinking a little about the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”. Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we’re speaking here? To agree to be “tolerant” of someone isn’t necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there’s something wrong with them.
But it seems wrong that people should agree to “tolerate” people with black skin, for example. And should women think they have received the respect they are due when men agree to “tolerate” them?
Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. That’s the reason we should be tolerant.
It’s a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness. Bob Marley understood this. In the song mentioned above, he advised: “Write your love on a rock so it stays for eternity (永恒); write your hate in the sand so the waves will wash it away.”
1. What’s the purpose of the UN “International Day For Tolerance”?A.To arouse peoples awareness of tolerance among people. |
B.To celebrate the founding of the UN. |
C.To solve the problem of global community. |
D.To change people’s opinions towards globalization. |
A.being willing to express your love to others |
B.trying to overcome your imperfections |
C.giving a hand to vulnerable groups (弱势群体) |
D.accepting each other’s weaknesses |
A.They are used to finding faults. |
B.They consider tolerance a kind of frailty. |
C.They don’t see things from the angle of others. |
D.They are intolerant of themselves too. |
A.Humans are advised to treat others better. | B.Humans learned to find faults in others. |
C.Humans need to give something to others. | D.Humans will change their attitudes to others. |
A.The origin of the International Day of Tolerance. |
B.The meaning and importance of tolerance. |
C.The philosophy behind Bob Marley’s song. |
D.Effective ways to show tolerance. |
【推荐2】As people are becoming more socially conscious about where their food comes from and how it impacts the planet, they are choosing animal-free plant-based options. Cow-free meat has been around for quite some time and the popularity of brands like Beyond Meat and cultivated meat from Aleph Farms and others are soaring. While there are a large number of plant-based milk substitutes, none of them have the same taste of cow’s milk. Now, an Israeli food-tech startup Remilk created real dairy products without harming a single cow or the planet.
The company stresses that their product Remilk is not a milk substitute but rather is the real deal. Made from a special process called microbial fermentation (微生物发酵), milk is manufactured in a lab instead of in a cow. And the end product is very healthy. “In a very simple way, we take the gene that encodes for the milk protein,” said Aviv Wolff, CEO of Remilk.”The gene functions as an instruction book for the production of the protein it encodes. And so, we insert the gene into a microbe that we’ve developed and it instructs our microbe to produce the specific protein in a very efficient way.”
The company says that the lab-produced milk tastes identical to the real thing and they hope to eventually replace cows by creating every dairy product sold. They expect to roll out plant-based cheese and yogurt in addition to milk. “Remilk was founded with the mission to stop using animals to produce our food because, as dairy lovers, we realize that giving up on milk is not an option,” Wolff said. “But today’s milk comes with an unreasonable price tag. The dairy industry is destructive to our planet, our health, and our animals, and is simply not sustainable anymore.”
The environmental price tag of dairy farming is way too high. According to the World Wildlife Fund, dairy cows add a huge amount of greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere and contribute to global warming and climate change as well as foul the air around them. Dairy operations consume large amounts of water and run-off of manure (粪肥) and fertilizers from these farms get into local waterways. The production of Remilk uses only 5 percent of the resources and produces only 1 percent of the waste of producing cow’s milk according to the company. And they accomplish this by being 100 percent cruelty-free unlike dairy farms.
1. What distinguishes Remilk from other milk substitutes?A.It enjoys broad popularity. |
B.It has the highest output. |
C.It comes in various flavours. |
D.It tastes the same as cow’s milk. |
A.The production of Remilk. |
B.The nutritional value of Remilk. |
C.The role of gene in making protein. |
D.The process of microbial fermentation. |
A.Remilk was set up for animal protection. |
B.Dairy industries should be shut down. |
C.Remilk aims to produce animal-free food. |
D.Prices of cow’s milk are soaring these days. |
A.Clean. | B.Heat. |
C.Pollute. | D.Consume. |
A.Drawing on gene technology, Remilk has developed a variety of dairy products. |
B.Conventional dairy industry is anything but eco-friendly. |
C.The new technology adopted by Remilk transforms the gene of cows. |
D.It’ll be some time before the public get accustomed to the milk substitutes. |
【推荐3】The pink and green buoys(浮标)moved gently over the surface of the water as Catherine Puckett steered(操纵)her boat towards them. Underneath the area, Ms Puckett plants kelp-a type of seaweed-on long ropes that are like washing lines. In a good year she harvests about five tonnes of the stuff.
Seaweed has long been a mainstay(支柱)of Japanese cuisine, but it is now catching on in America. Dieticians(营养师)praise kelp's high nutritional value and its many uses in the kitchen. Restaurants offer kelp salads.
Seaweed also owes its rising popularity to something else. Research has shown that it restores underwater habitats and helps to reduce the effects of climate change.
Seaweed farming is attracting newcomers, especially women, to the seafood industry. GreenWave, a non-profit, has a waiting list of about 8, 000 people for its ocean-farming programme.
People, such as Suzie Flores, are switching careers. Before opening her kelp farm in 2017, she was a manager at a higher-education software company. Bren Smith, founder of GreenWave, says one reason ocean faming attracts newcomers is that starting a seaweed farm is easier than becoming a commercial fisherman, which requires permits that come in limited numbers and can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
For kelp farmers, however, getting the required permits can be a process involving numerous state agencies. Ms Flores says that outside of Maine(缅因州), plants to process the seaweed crop are limited. Ms Puckett has to harvest her crop within a five-hour window to get it on a ferry(渡船)before noon(she hopes to build her own processing plant on the island). And farmers sometimes have to deal with people who complain that the farming gear, though mostly underwater, spoils the view from their seafront villas(别墅).
The kelp industry is still young and farming seaweed is not always profitable. But, says Ms Flores, “I find it to be very fulfilling. You are growing food that is healthy for the environment and healthy for people. ”
1. What's Catherine Puckett?A.A fisherman. | B.A seaweed farmer. | C.A scientist. | D.A dietician. |
A.Fishing is no longer permitted. |
B.It's not difficult to enter seafood industry. |
C.A seaweed farm can be started at no cost. |
D.It's more profitable than software industry. |
A.Kelp farmers face some difficulties. |
B.Kelp farmers complain about the ocean view. |
C.Kelp farmers harvest their crop in the afternoon. |
D.Kelp farmers process seaweeds in seafront villas. |
A.Worried. | B.Doubtful. | C.Positive. | D.Unclear. |
【推荐1】China-chic is a term that describes the trend of China-centric design. It demonstrates the rise of Chinese brands. Before we discuss whether or not the term is accurate, and reasons thereof, it is important to first figure out who are the main consumers of these Chinese brands.
Generation Z, the young consumers born between the mid-1990s and the early 2010s, have been raised on the Internet and social media. They are gradually moving toward maturity. They have naturally become the main force that drives China’s consumer market.
Most young people earn their own incomes. Even if they don’t, their parents and family members will support them financially. So their purchasing power is stronger than prior generations of youth.
Besides, today’s young people have had access to various domestic and foreign brands since they were born. For them, global brands such as KFC. McDonald’s, L’Oreal and Nike are just everyday consumer goods. Unlike the previous generations in China, they do not look up to global brands with admiration.
As members of Generation Z are taking the center stage in the consumer market, full of confidence, personalities and awareness of investing in themselves, they almost determine its present and the future. This factor plays a key role in the global economy. That is to say, whichever brand, domestic or global, that pays attention to Generation Z first and satisfies the group’s needs will get a head start.
It is the Chinese companies more than others that truly respect the uniqueness of Generation Z’s demands. A typical example is Chinese sportswear brand Li-Ning. Although the domestic sportswear market is still dominated by global brands like Nike and Adidas, Li-Ning has succeeded in using “China-chic” as a way to show self-confidence of the Chinese young people. By wearing Li-Ning’s products, a consumer is telling others: “I’m different from you. I have my own personality traits.”
Inspired by Li-Ning, other Chinese brands including Anta and Feiyue also launched products to satisfy the demands of the new generation of consumers.
1. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ______.A.introduce the topic | B.present an argument |
C.reach a conclusion | D.propose a definition |
A.Generation Z make money all by themselves. |
B.Generation Z have more buying power than their parents. |
C.Generation Z treat brands at home and abroad equally. |
D.Generation Z consume global brands every day. |
A.dominate Chinese sportswear market | B.meet the needs of Generation Z |
C.learn from Generation Z | D.determine their own future |
A.It’s a typical Chinese company. |
B.It is confident of success. |
C.Chinese brands are starting to respect the unusual needs of Generation Z’s. |
D.Chinese brands have ruled the domestic sportswear market. |
A.Why do Chinese brands impress Generation Z? | B.The uniqueness of Generation Z. |
C.The choice of Generation Z. | D.Sportswear brands and their future. |
【推荐2】Give the Senate (参议院) some credit: in shaping the current immigration-reform bill, it has come up with one idea that almost everybody hates. That’s the plan to create a new class of “guest workers” — immigrants who would be allowed to work in the U.S. for three two-year stretches, at most, provided that they return home to stay for a year after each visit. Conservatives dislike the plan because they believe that the guest workers won’t return home after their visas expire. Liberals dislike it because they believe the program will depress American wages and trap guest workers. The only supporters of the bill are businesses that rely heavily on immigrant labor, and they’re probably just looking out for themselves.
With the broader concerns about the effects of illegal immigration, the hostility to the new plan is understandable. However imperfect, the guest-worker program is better than any politically feasible alternative. Opponents of immigration sometimes imply that adding workers to a work-force automatically brings wages down. But immigrants tend to work in different industries than native workers, and have different skills, and so they often end up complementing native workers rather than competing with them. That can make native workers more productive and therefore better off.
According to a recent study by the economists Gianmarco Ottaviano and Giovanni Peri, immigration actually boosted the wages of most American workers; its only negative effect was a small one, on the wages of workers without a high-school diploma. And if by increasing the number of legal guest workers we reduced the number of undocumented workers, the economy would benefit even more.
Guest workers are also, paradoxically, less likely than illegal immigrants to become permanent residents. The U.S. already has a number of smaller—and less well-designed—temporary-worker programs, and there’s no evidence that workers in those plans routinely overstay their visas. One remarkable study found that after border enforcement was stepped up in 1993 the chance of an illegal immigrant returning to his homeland to stay fell by a third.
In fact, whatever benefits the guest-worker program brought to the U.S. economy or to particular businesses, the biggest winners would be the workers themselves. There are few, if any, foreign-aid programs that do as much for people in developing countries as simply allowing them to work in U. S. legally. This program’s costs to American workers are insignificant, the gains for the guest workers are enormous, and the U.S. economy will benefit. This is that rare option which is both sensible and politically possible.
1. According to the passage, the guest-worker program ________.A.allows immigrants to work in the U.S. for six continuous years |
B.has aroused criticism from conservatives, liberals and the business world |
C.will make local workers more productive as it brings fierce competition |
D.is a sensible approach to resolving the illegal immigration problems |
A.is immune from negative effects |
B.will root out undocumented labourers |
C.has led to economic prosperity and social stability |
D.has enhanced wages of most American workers |
A.Illegal immigrants are more likely to stay permanently in the U.S. than guest workers. |
B.With stepped-up border control, illegal immigrants are more likely to stay in their homeland. |
C.Workers in temporary-worker programs usually pay no attention to their visa duration. |
D.Guest workers will not stay too long because of the enhanced border enforcement. |
A.Indifferent. | B.Neutral. | C.Favorable. | D.Negative. |
【推荐3】Sprite has been recognized for decades by its green cans and bottles, but it is retiring its green plastic bottles after more than 60 years.
Starting Aug. 1, the Coca-Cola Co., which produces Sprite, will package the lemon-lime drink in clear plastic bottles in North America, the company announced Wednesday. Sprite’s current plastic contains green polyethylene terephthalate(PET)(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯), an additive(添加剂) that can’t be recycled into new bottles, a key choice for the company as it looks to reduce plastic waste.
“When recycled, clear PET Sprite bottles can be remade into bottles, helping drive a circular economy for plastic.” Julian Ochoa, CEO of R3CYCLE, a plastic group helping Coca-Cola improve its recycling, said in a statement.
Customers will also notice a revised logo and packaging design on the Sprite bottles that aims to provide a more “consistent look around the world,” the company said. The well-known green color will still be used on Sprite labels. Other beverages that use green bottles in Coke’s portfolio(系列产品), including Fresca. Seagram’s and Mello Yello, will also be replaced with clear containers in the coming months.
Coca-Cola reported higher-than-expected second-quarter earnings Tuesday, citing strong demand, and lifted its revenue forecast for the full year.
The beverage giant has often been criticized for contributing to environmentally damaging plastic waste. In 2020, the company was named as the world’s No. 1 plastic polluter by the environmental firm Break Free From Plastic. Its logos and branding were found on 13, 834 pieces of discarded plastic in 51 countries, often in public spaces such as parks and beaches.
1. Why will the Coca-Cola Co. stop using green Sprite bottles?A.They think the old design is out of date. |
B.They want to cut down the production cost. |
C.Customers prefer clear bottles to green bottles. |
D.They want to help drive a circular economy for plastic. |
A.They have not any plastic. | B.They have a consistent look. |
C.They have not green color at all. | D.They have quite a different design. |
A.Not the design, but the logo of the Sprite. |
B.Not the material, but the design of the bottles. |
C.Not the color, but the material: single-use plastic. |
D.Not the recycling, but using as much plastic as possible. |
A.The Coca-Cola attaches importance to profits. |
B.The Coca-Cola lays the needs of customers first. |
C.The Coca-Cola values environmental protection most. |
D.The Coca-Cola likes the fame of the world’s No. 1 plastic polluter. |