【推荐1】There have been several incidents at some events in recent years where people died because of unsafe crowd conditions and stampedes. The latest such one unfolded in Seoul, South Korea, where a Halloween gathering in a club district turned deadly, with at least 155 deaths being reported.     1     Indeed, it’s a frightening situation to be in and circumstances may make it impossible to escape. But there are several strategies that could help you avoid a potentially deadly outcome.

Have a plan before you need one

The key to staying safe in a crowd begins as soon as you arrive at the location.     2     It’s a piece of common-sense advice that you should apply not just at big events, but even when entering almost any room.

Go with the flow

If there’s a sudden panic and crowds begin to push in a certain direction, you may fight back and push the opposite way.     3     If you go against the flow, you increase your chances of getting tripped and knocked down.

    4    

As you move forward with the crowd, it’s best to move in a diagonal (对角线的) direction. The goal is to get to the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a chokepoint, like a doorway.

Find somewhere to protect yourself

Another potential way to handle the situation is to protect yourself and allow the crowd to move past you. Look for a solid structure to stand behind such as a pillar (柱子) or a wall.     5    

Give yourself some breathing room

In many stampede events, people die from asphyxiation (窒息). But a possible way to avoid this is to place your arms in front of you, almost in a boxer — like stance (站立姿势).That could give you some very valuable breathing room — literally.

A．Angle your way out.

B．Don’t move straight.

C．But that could be a big mistake.

D．But it’s surprisingly effective and possibly life-saving.

E．Other places to duck: behind a car or even a lamppost.

F．Namely, you should take note of where the nearest exits are.

G．This may leave some people thinking there’s little you can do to survive a stampede.

【推荐3】Whatever she likes, you can always find something perfect for your mom, whether it is wine, coffee or clothes.

►For the bookworm

For the woman who took you to the library to get your very first card, show how much you appreciate her love of language and words with one of these book-themed cups for a Mother’s Day gift. You can choose from a good old-fashioned library card, a funny banned book’s pattern, or ones featuring your favorite literary characters, including Edgar Allen Poe and Alice in Wonderland. These are some of the most meaningful Mother’s Day gifts that moms have ever received. Library Card Cup, $ 18.49, Amazon. com.

►For the business traveler

When she’s not busy teaching her children how to tie their shoes and mind their manners, the mom you love is flying across the country for an important client meeting. She needs clothes that don’t give her anything else to worry about. It dries quickly and resists wrinkles. Florence Travel Dress by Orvis, $ 119, Amazon. com.

►For the gardener

If gardening is your mom’s beloved pastime, introduce her to the rapidly growing world of succulents (多肉植物) with this DIY kit (工具箱). Inside, you’ll find a white moss ball planter, a metal chain and hanging hook, two colors of reindeer moss (驯鹿苔), planting instructions, and an optional live succulent. Succulent Kokedama String Garden Kit, $ 33.97, windowbox. com.

►For the coffee lover

Every kid knows the number one rule of the household: Don’t talk to mom until she’s had her coffee. Show your understanding with a monthly brew (酿造) subscription. The coffee beans come from all over the world, including Peru, Brazil, Papua New Guinea and more. Atlas Coffee Club Subscription, $ 60 for three months, atlascoffeeclub. com.

1. Which of the following gifts should you send your mother if she loves reading?

A．A cup with a library card.	B．A fashioned library card.
C．A banned book’s pattern.	D．A book with literary characters.

2. What’s the advantage of Florence Travel Dress?

A．It can resist being wet.	B．It’s convenient to carry.
C．It seems cheap to buy.	D．It can be wrinkle-free.

3. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?

A．Moms looking after kids require more coffee.

B．Atlas Coffee Club provides world-class coffee beans.

C．People must purchase succulents in advance.

D．Succulents are popular nowadays.

【推荐2】For many people, memory improvement is possible. The extent to which memory can improve, however, will be different from person to person.     1     .

Timing activities strategically

How you order your daily tasks can impact your ability to remember them and get them done smoothly.

Difficult or cognitively taxing activities should be completed at the beginning of the day when fatigue is low and attention is at a high level.     2     . Meanwhile, take frequent breaks when engaged in a long task.

    3    .

A clean living and working environment with minimal distractions may help you focus on your tasks and remember what you need to do.

Writing down your personal experiences

    4    . Memory research has established that when people write about their personal experiences, they tend to recall those occurrences much better.

Avoiding multitasking

    5    .

One study found that people between the ages of 60 and 80 have significantly more trouble remembering tasks after they’ve experienced a brief interruption than do people in their 30s and 40s.

Research has shown that switching your attention from a laptop to a cellphone or texting while watching TV decreases the gray matter in our brains that helps us with sensory perceptions including decision-making and memory.

A．Minimizing distractions

B．Cleaning up your environment

C．Record the time each task takes

D．Here are some tips that will offer you some help

E．Large projects should be broken down into smaller tasks

F．The best way to remember personal experiences is to write about them

G．Doing multiple things at once could affect your short-term memory, particularly as you get older

【推荐3】The majority of people are unable to commit to a healthy long-term lifestyle — although they are somehow willing to! There seems to be a paradox here.

We become more aware of the importance of leading a healthy lifestyle on a regular basis. Yet, we just don’t manage to. We may engage in a variety of short-term projects: 1-week detox retreats or 1-month severe diets. But the benefits these short-term activities produce are quickly lost as we are dragged back to our “bad” habits in the longer-term. The inability to stick to a healthy lifestyle makes us feel frustrated and unhealthy. What is the way out then?

The first step is to understand the problem more deeply: What are the main obstacles of pursuing a healthy lifestyle? Which are the fundamental aspects to a healthy lifestyle? How are they interconnected? If we understand the problem and its components more deeply, we are one step closer to coming up with a solution.

Surveys show how in 85% of cases in the US and Europe, the main obstacles to pursuing a healthy lifestyle are to be found among lack of awareness, time, self-control and guidelines.

“Humans tend to heavily discount the future, meaning things that we have now are more valuable to us than things we’ll have in a few years.” said A. Braun in 2019. For this reason, we cannot correctly weigh the costs and consequences of choosing unhealthy habits today, and we tend to give in to short-term pleasures, although this means reducing longer-term benefits.

We deliberately choose to experience and enjoy short-term pleasure, mainly because of a stress condition we may have, or because of personality. The underlying reason for these behaviors is primarily stress, as neuroscience discoveries in fact suggest, “In general, stress results in habit behavior in humans, so dealing first and foremost with stress is probably advisable when you are looking to make lasting changes. Luckily, your brain can change throughout life. Decreasing stress could finally help your brain become less easily influenced by habit.”

1. Why do people engage in various short-term projects?

A．To delete a bad habit.	B．To keep healthy in lifestyle.
C．To go on a severe diet.	D．To solve the paradox.

2. What is the obstacle of pursuing a healthy lifestyle?

A．Lacking enough self-discipline.	B．Gaining no reward from working out.
C．Having no motive when making schedules.	D．Relying on too much guidance from others.

3. By quoting A. Braun’s words in paragraph 5, the author wants to        .

A．highlight the association between habits and lifestyle

B．stress the long-term value of adopting healthy habits

C．show a trend of pursuing long-term pleasures

D．convey people’s commitment to a healthy lifestyle

4. What can we learn about neuroscience discoveries?

A．Changing brain activities helps decrease stress.

B．Personality contributes to one’s short-term pleasure.

C．People’s habit behavior tends to dominate their emotions.

D．Reducing stress is the key to sticking to a healthy lifestyle.