A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair?” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s absolutely true. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thinking that life should be fair, or that someday it will be. It’s not and it won’t be.
One of the nice things about surrendering (屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not “life’s job” to make everything perfect, it’s our own challenge. Surrendering to this fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt in different hand; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions; and everyone has those times that they feel unfairly treated.
The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should. When we don’t recognize or admit that life isn’t fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. Pity, of course, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feel worse than they already do. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however, we feel sympathy for others and for ourselves. And sympathy is a heartfelt emotion that delivers loving-kindness to everyone it touches. The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can make you out of self-pity and into helpful action.
1. The writer may agree with the fact that ________.A.life is meant to be fair | B.people feel sorry only for ourselves |
C.life isn’t fair | D.someday life will be fair |
A.Our own challenge. | B.Unique strengths. |
C.Unfair treatment. | D.Our duty. |
A.feel pity for others and for themselves |
B.make brave decisions |
C.do everything in their power to improve their lives |
D.give up their unique strengths |
A.justices of the world | B.this very basic fact |
C.loving-kindness | D.self-defeating emotion |
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【推荐1】It was New Year’s night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more hopeless people than himself now moved towards their certain goal―the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and regret. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts.
The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads―one leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and where devils and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled.
He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, “O youth, return! O my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I’ll choose the better way ! “ But both his father and the days of his youth had passed away.
He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness. These were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared, and this was the symbol of himself. His remorse, which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered life together with him. But they had made their way to success and were now honoured and happy on this New Year’s night.
The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents’ early love for him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way. With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven where his father lived. His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing effort, he burst out a cry: “Come back, my early days! Come back!”
And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year’s night. He was still young though his faults were real; he had not yet entered the deep, dark cave, and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.
Those who still linger on the entrance of life, hesitating to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain: “O youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!”
1. In the 3rd paragraph, the man cried painfully because _____________.A.all the hopeless people were moving towards death. |
B.he had lost forever the chance to take the right road. |
C.his parents and the happy days of his youth were gone. |
D.he refused to take the road leading to a deep dark cave. |
A.He was at his father’s funeral farewell. |
B.He was enjoying the New Years’ eve. |
C.He was wandering at the entrance to life. |
D.He was having a dream of his life in old age. |
A.the man’s childhood friends led a joyful life liek him. |
B.the man still had the opportunity to choose the right way. |
C.both the man’s parents passed away when he was young. |
D.the man’s father was aquite strict with his son before death. |
A.a new driver getting lost on a detour(兜圈子) |
B.a concerned mother with two children to raise |
C.a childhood friend with great successs |
D.a hesitating young adult facing a tough life choice |
【推荐2】Not long ago, a good friend of mine asked me to help him in a halfway house in Nashville. I agreed and made my way there one evening.
When I got there, I sat with my friend and talked about how he ended up there. As we talked, another man came up, lighting up his cigarette as he sat down. He had dark, leather skin, and looked like he had endured the sun, the rain, and the wind for long, long time. I couldn’t tell how old he was, but I was sure that he was younger than he looked.
Through a bit of conversation, I found out that he had been on the streets for many, many years.
Without my asking, he started describing life as a homeless man. How he got food; how he stayed warm; how he got money. And he told me something that caught my attention.
He said, “You want to know how I keep my stuff safe at night?”
“Sure, “ I replied.
“I put it up in the trees.”
“Why is it safe in the trees?” I asked.
“The homeless are always looking for treasure on the ground--- coins, something someone’s dropped, half-smoked cigarettes. I know if I put my stuff in the trees, they’ll never find it because they never look up. Never. “
Profound words from an unexpected place. And his message is for all of us.
We all have our particular search. We’re looking for treasure on this earth. But what we are REALLY looking for is right there above us. There’s really nothing we need on the ground.
In fact, it’s surrounding us.
1. What did the author go to Nashville for?A.To help his friend. | B.To build a halfway house. |
C.To visit a stranger. | D.To pick up a homeless man. |
A.Enjoyed | B.shared |
C.Suffered | D.expected |
A.nobody could climb up the trees | B.there was a hole in the tree |
C.The leaves of the trees were thick | D.the homeless never looked up |
A.We should look up for treasure in future |
B.What we’re looking for is just by our side |
C.There’s really nothing we need on the ground |
D.It is wrong to look for treasure on the ground |
【推荐3】I believe that my actions show my beliefs, not my words.
I wrote a letter to my kids a few years ago. It’s three pages long, and it sums up my life experience of four decades. By the time they reach adulthood, they will have heard most of their father’s advice in that letter: live in the moment, do not attach yourself to physical things, treat others the way you would like to be treated, etc. I sealed the letter in a white envelope, and wrote instructions that nobody should open it unless something horrible happened to me.
As a police officer, I have seen life disappear in an instant. I realize that could happen to me at any time. Yet knowing that letter is there in my locker makes me more comfortable with my own death.
Every day, when I open my locker, I see the letter. It makes me aware that I should be careful at work, and show my children and the people I have connection with that I try to practice everything I have written. If that day comes and my children finally read the letter, I hope that because of my actions, they will take my written beliefs to heart and improve upon my example.
But for me, it’s not enough to write down my beliefs. I try to be the best person I can be every day---even in very difficult circumstances. I am more successful some days than others, but sometimes I curse too much. Sometimes I am cynical, unwilling to believe that people have good and honest reasons for doing something. I also get stressed and upset, yelling at my kids sometimes, and sometimes I am not as loving or as sympathetic as I should be. In fact, I am far from perfect, but I hope my children will eventually realize that perfection is an illusion. What really matters is that, instead of just writing down our beliefs, we all take action to be the best humans we can be.
1. Which of the following can best describe the author?A.Hardworking and humorous. | B.Courageous and sensitive. |
C.Selfless. | D.Considerate. |
A.He wanted to confirm his beliefs. |
B.The letter served as a reminder. |
C.He kept adding something new to it. |
D.His kids asked him to check it. |
A.The author was in his forties when writing it. |
B.The kids were too young to understand the tips in it. |
C.The author was sure of its positive effects on his kids. |
D.The author hoped it wouldn’t be opened until bad things occurred. |
A.Doubtful about others’ motivations. |
B.Curious about everything around. |
C.Particular about himself. |
D.Unsatisfied about his profession. |
A.That fathers should take care of their children. |
B.To become a perfect man. |
C.To be better today than yesterday. |
D.That bad guys deserve to be punished. |
【推荐1】Who doesn’t want to live life in style? Life is like a road on which you never get a chance to return, and is not a very long road either. So we should try to live life to the fullest and enjoy every bit of it.
Every individual has unique likings and preferences, and all of us try to live the lives that suit us best. The world is like a painting cloth on which different people with different races, different languages, and different cultural backgrounds interact. But among these, the arts provide an easy and natural way for people to connect.
People with a knack for the arts usually discover it in childhood. But art isn’t only for the talented; it can help everyone grow. Those with a strong artistic background are often more energetic, and more successful in all fields of life. Art widens the range of a person’s life.
Painting is one of the most popular art forms. Those who are interested in taking it up as a career need to go through extensive training to get familiar with the various styles. Professional painters often host art exhibitions, with art lovers from all over the world coming to see and buy their creations. Sometimes the paintings are sold at high prices.
Performing arts are equally popular and admired. Dance, instrumental music, drama and so on require unusual artistic talent as well as a long period of education and training before audiences start to applaud the performances. But anyone with some artistic sense can make art part of his/ her life, and benefit from it.
1. People should make the most of life because .A.life is difficult but enjoyable time |
B.life is valuable and ordinary |
C.life is too short to be wasted |
D.life is like a road full of tomorrows |
A.Different people have different lifestyles. |
B.Different peoples have different cultures. |
C.Art can make people happier. |
D.Art can connect people together. |
A.character | B.ability |
C.power | D.favour |
A.How great artists make a living by selling their works. |
B.How to live a unique and colorful life. |
C.How the arts contribute to people’s lives. |
D.How much performing arts have to do with talent and education. |
【推荐2】Fragile. Oversensitive. Glued to their phones. Is this what comes to mind when we think of the teens of this generation? While this may be true, there might be more to this generation of teens than what is generally perceived.
Never before have the lives of any generation of teens been as flooded with mobile technology and social media as the teens of this generation. The popularity of social media has led to a world in which teens have to participate in Instagram, TikTok and Twitter, or else cause the social anger of their friends, some of whom communicate primarily via those online platforms. As compared to their parents or grandparents who were likely less connected and more isolated, these teens are constantly exposed to the highlight reels (高光时刻) of many in their social circles and beyond. It is no wonder that the self-esteem and mental health of this generation’s teens have taken a hit.
Moreover, the teens today are more individualistic. This is in contrast to the kampong spirit of their parents’ and grandparents’ days. Gone is the friendship among neighbours who are friendly with one another and quick to offer a helping hand when they see another in need. In its place, we have teens who may not even have a clue as to who lives in the unit next to theirs, much less offer a friendly nod or wave when they happen to cross paths with a neighbour.
Yet, the effects of technology on this generation of teens are not all bad. Arguably, the very connectedness that social media brings about has led to being more progressive. Logging onto platforms where people of all walks of life gather means that one is exposed to those people and their distinctive ways of life. In comparison, the parents or grandparents of this generation of tens probably did not have the same opportunity to get to know people outside of their social circles at their age, and are thus more likely to have fixed, stereotypical (刻板的) opinions of people different from them. This generation of teens, on the other hand, has the chance to use this technology to understand the variety and diversity out there.
1. What does the underlined phrase “have taken a hit” mean in Paragraph 2?A.Have been terribly hurt. | B.Have improved a lot. |
C.Have recovered soon. | D.Have been ignored. |
A.Telephone your parents regularly. | B.Never say Hi to your classmates. |
C.Share your food with neighbours. | D.Borrow money from your teacher. |
A.They are more ambitious and active. |
B.They are more friendly and generous. |
C.They are more independent of their parents. |
D.They are more open-minded and better informed. |
A.By giving examples. | B.By showing statistics. |
C.By making comparisons. | D.By providing instructions. |
【推荐3】Not long ago I saw the following headline: “An anti-homework trend(趋势)goes global”. The reasoning: It stresses children out and it steals “precious family time”.
Hmm… I wonder. As a teacher, one of the problems I often come across is that students attach far too little importance to their studies, resulting in bad or incomplete work. I also wonder about the “precious family time”. If homework were abolished(废除), would the time freed up be used for reading poetry aloud at the dinner table or having heart-to-heart discussion about the social and political landscape(局面)? In the age of the Internet and games such as Candy Crush Saga, which have absorbed the time and interest of otherwise intelligent adults, I am doubtful.
When I was a kid, homework actually created precious family time. I still remember, after supper, clearing the table and replacing the dishes with my schoolbooks. And then, in swing shifts, my working-class parents would sit down with me and, to the best of their abilities, help me when and where they could.
I have often thought that the homework question could be dealt with if one thought of homework in terms of learning to play a musical instrument. For me, this was the clarinet(单簧管), which I began learning to play at age 9. Every week I took a 30-minute lesson from an old Polish man, Mr. Markiewicz. “Practice an hour a day, and you’ll be playing the clarinet before you know it.” Because my motivation was strong, I did practice an hour a day, and I did learn it in a reasonable amount of time.
Let’s get rid of homework, but only the word “homework”, and replace it with “practice”. As a teacher, it’s all I ask: that my students listen up in the class and then go home to practice, so that when they return to me to show how much they understand, I—and their parents—can be proud of them.
1. What might happen in the house with no homework according to the author?A.Students will play games. |
B.Students will develop new interest. |
C.There will be more precious family time. |
D.There will be more arguments among the family. |
A.Mourn his precious family time’s passing. |
B.Show the powerful parental forces. |
C.Prove the advantage of homework. |
D.Describe his uneasy life as a student. |
A.Get rid of it. | B.Don’t see it as a load(负担). |
C.Take great pride in it. | D.Improve their motivation(动机)for it. |
A.Why to value the family time. |
B.An anti-homework trend begins. |
C.How to solve the homework problem. |
D.Developing hobbies can replace homework. |
【推荐1】This year’s United Nations Prize for Research in the Life Sciences(UNPRLS)goes to a Chinese scientist, Tu Youyou, for the discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素)and its use in the treatment of malaria(疟疾)—a medical advance that has saved millions of lives across the globe, especially in the developing world.
Tu’s pioneering work on malaria began on May 23, 1967 when the Chinese government started a program aimed at finding a cure for the deadly disease.
Tu combed the Chinese traditional medicine texts for possible treatments, and by 1972, had made 380 extracts(提取物)from 200 herbs. Her team then tested the extracts one by one on the malaria-infected mice. One of the extracts from Qinghao—or sweet wormwood—sharply reduced malaria growth in the animals.
At a March 1972 meeting of the project’s key participants, Tu reported that the natural plant extract wiped out the malaria in mice and monkeys. Later that year it proved effective in treating human patients.
The first English-language scientific journal(期刊)mentioning successful clinical trials for artemisinin appeared in late 1979 and two years later, Tu presented her discovery at an international meeting at the World Health Organization(WHO)and it was immediately recognized as a breakthrough. In 2015, she was finally awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery.
Artemisinin is still the most powerful anti-malarial drug presently available, and an artemisinin-based drug combination is now the standard drug for the disease. The WHO lists artemisinin and related drugs in its catalog of “Essential Medicines”
“It is clear that Tu’s work has saved millions of lives, particularly in the developing world, and continues to bring about long-term medical benefits in the ongoing fight against this deadly disease,” the Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)prize committee writes in a statement published today.
1. What has served as the major inspiration for Tu’s discovery?A.The English-language scientific journals. |
B.Exchanges with scientists at international meetings. |
C.Her malaria-fighting experience in the developing countries. |
D.Her extensive reading of the Chinese traditional medicine books. |
A.About 6 years. | B.About 7 years. | C.About 9 years. | D.About 43 years. |
A.It has to be taken from the natural plants in China. |
B.It is still the most effective drug in curing malaria. |
C.It must be combined with other drugs for treatment. |
D.It is the only anti-malarial medicine used in the world. |
A.Her pioneering work has rid the world of malaria. |
B.Her drug has promoted the use of natural herbs. |
C.Her team discovered artemisinin and tested it successfully. |
D.Her discovery has helped to save millions of lives in the world. |
【推荐2】Lawrence Ferlinghetti, the poet, publisher, painter, social activist and bookstore owner, has been San Francisco’s honored poet. He turns 100 this month, and the city is making preparations to celebrate him in style. Readings and performances and an open house will take place at City Lights, the sacred bookstore he co-founded in 1953.
On March 24, 1919, Lawrence Ferlinghetti was born in Yonkers, New York. After spending his early childhood in France, he received his BA from the University of North Carolina, an MA from Columbia University, and a PhD from the Sorbonne.
He is the author of more than thirty books of poetry, including Poetry as Insurgent Art; A Coney Island of the Mind. He has translated the works of a number of poets, including Nicanor Parra, Jacques Prevert, and Pier Paolo Pasolini. In addition to poetry, he is also the author of more than eight plays and three novels, including Little Boy: A Novel, Love in the Days of Rage and Her.
In 1953, Ferlinghetti and Peter Martin opened the City Lights bookstore in San Francisco, California. It became a nerve center for the Beats and other writers. Allen Ginsberg, Jack Kerouac and other writers from that era were Easterners who dropped into San Francisco for a spell. In 2001 it was made an official historic landmark. Now City Lights is almost certainly the best bookstore in the United States. It’s filled with serious world literature of all kinds.
If City Lights is a San Francisco institution, Ferlinghetti himself is as much of one. He has loomed over the city’s literary life. As a poet, he’s never been a critical favorite. But his flexible and plain-spoken and often powerful work — he has published more than 50 volumes — has found a wide audience. His collection “A Coney Island of the Mind” has sold more than 1 million copies, making it one of the best-selling American poetry books ever published.
1. What can we learn about Ferlinghetti from Paragraph 2?A.He had a happy childhood. |
B.He received normal education. |
C.He had a gift for writing novels. |
D.He had written lots of poetry. |
A.Flexible. | B.Optimistic. | C.Outspoken. | D.Productive. |
A.Because it is a nerve center for the youth. |
B.Because its collections have a long history. |
C.Because it is an official historic landmark. |
D.Because it has many modern world literature. |
A.To speak highly of a great poet. |
B.To introduce some English poetry. |
C.To promote values of City Lights. |
D.To celebrate the birthday of Ferlinghetti. |
【推荐3】Dec 21st 2018
On December 19th Gatwick airport, Britain’s second-biggest, was forced to close due to several sightings of drones(无人机)flying near its runways. The airport only reopened on the morning of December 21st. ① .
The potential for an incident of this scale has been recognized for some years now. The falling price of small drones in recent years has resulted in the number flying dangerously near aircraft to rise sharply. ② .
This is a threat that the authorities have to take seriously. Recent research suggests that small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be much more damaging than birds — a surprisingly common cause of aircraft crashes — at the same impact speed, even if they are a similar weight. The researchers found that the drones’ rigid and dense materials—such as metal, plastic and lithium batteries—can put aero planes at much greater risk than a bird carcass(动物尸体). If a drone were to hit an aircraft’s fan blades when it is operating at its highest speed, the blades could break and power to the engine could be lost.
③ . But it also underlined the potential for destruction that drones afford. The British police do not think that terrorism was the motivation behind the latest incident at Gatwick. According to the Daily Telegraph, a British newspaper, environmental activists are suspected of being behind the attack, which has happened before.
As attention turns to what can be done to prevent a repeat, two solutions stand out. The first is regulation. Regulators in America and Britain already ban drones from flying too close to airports. America has introduced a compulsory registration scheme for drones and Britain plans to follow suit.
But as the chaos at Gatwick shows, even serious punishments will not stop those intending to cause harm deliberately. ④ . Technology is the second, and more important, answer to the threat. In the US the FAA has experimented with a system. Drones can have pre-programmed software that keeps them away from prohibited areas, an approach known as “geofencing”. British engineers have come up with a system that catches drones with a net and then softly lands them with a parachute. Dutch police have even attempted to train eagles to catch drones in the sky and return them to their trainers as if they were song birds. The closure at Gatwick will give ideas such as these a mighty push forward.
1. Compared to birds, drones have become a more serious threat to airplane crash in that _____.A.drones are much heavier than birds in general |
B.drones usually fly even faster than birds |
C.drones will attack airplanes on purpose |
D.drones are made of rigid and dense materials |
A.① | B.② |
C.③ | D.④ |
A.The decreasing size of drones recently has led to frequent accidents of this kind. |
B.Among the solutions, technology is considered to be a more reliable one. |
C.The FAA has adopted a “geofencing” system with the help of trained eagles. |
D.The British police think environmentalists conducted the latest incident at Gatwick. |
A.Drones or birds, which is more harmful? |
B.How to stop unmanned aerial vehicles? |
C.Several drones close Gatwick airport. |
D.Drones have become a pressing issue. |
【推荐1】Ronald Reagan ever said, “It’s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance?” To some extent, extra effort seems to be self-defeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.
But that doesn’t stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently praised the “996” model, where employees work from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., 6 days a week, as a “huge blessing”. Apparently, presenteeism (出勤主义) is the curse of the modern office worker.
There will be days when you do not have much to do: perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department, or a different company, to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy.
Some of this may be a self-continuing cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their employees, and employees fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees’ performance, use time in the office as a measure. The consequence is often wasted effort. We pretend to work and managers pretend to believe us. Rather than work hard, you try to make bosses think that you are. Leaving a jacket on your office chair, walking around purposefully with a notebook and sending out emails at odd hours are three of the best-known tricks. After a while this can result in collective self-delusion that this pretence is actual work.
But presenteeism has more serious consequences. It is perhaps most common in Japan, where people attend the office even when they are in discomfort. In doing so, they are doing neither themselves nor their employers any favours. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study in the Journal of Occupation and Environmental Medicine, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. Those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression.
In the evolution of humanity, presenteeism is a recent phenomenon. In the industrial era, workers were paid not for their output but for their time, and were required to clock in and out. But modern machinery like smartphones and laptops is portable. Turning an office into a prison, with prisoners allowed home for the evenings, does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?A.Employees often have to work extra hours. |
B.Extra effort improves employees’ productivity. |
C.“996” model is well received around the world. |
D.Both bosses and employees are devoted to their jobs. |
A.Hoping to get a pay rise. | B.Going home after the boss. |
C.Putting in maximum effort. | D.Judging employees’ performance. |
A.Reducing medical costs of employees. |
B.Making employees more hard-working. |
C.Increasing the competition among employees. |
D.Worsening employees’ physical and mental condition. |
A.Employees should be treated as prisoners. |
B.Productivity can’t be measured by presenteeism now. |
C.Office tasks usually can’t be carried out automatically. |
D.Office workers should be allowed to be absent-minded. |
【推荐2】We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively(被动地). We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else.Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.
Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem.It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言).
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone.Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person.That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game.The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it.Then the two written statements are compared.Typically, the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life.The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story.Then, too, most people listen imperfectly.And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping(打上标记)it with their own personal style.Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as a fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.
1. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.A.doing a medical experiment | B.solving a math problem |
C.visiting an exhibition | D.doing scientific reasoning |
A.active learning | B.knowledge |
C.communication | D.passive learning |
A.a message may be changed when being passed on |
B.a message should be delivered in different ways |
C.people may have problems with their sense of hearing |
D.people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor |
A.Active learning is less important. |
B.Passive learning may not be reliable. |
C.Active learning occurs more frequently. |
D.Passive learning is not found among scholars. |
【推荐3】How to Let Go of the World and Love All the Things Climate Can’t Change is the latest movie from filmmaker and climate activist Josh Fox. The movie is the third film in a three-part series about climate change.
In 2010, Fox’s documentary Gasland explored the hotly debated process of removing natural gas from the ground. He examined the subject again in Gasland II. Fox was against traditional fossil fuels(矿物燃料) and in support of renewable energy. In his third film, Fox says pollution from fossil fuels must be reduced. Without limits, there will be more extreme weather, like dry weather, rising sea levels and lack of food and water. “When you really meet that head on, it causes unbelievable danger.”
Fox notes there are things that climate cannot change. “Those are our value structure and that is what the film starts to explain. We start to really emphasize the things that are inside-courage, love, generosity and creativity. I think those are the centers of what we talk about when we talk about a response to climate change.”
In the new film, Fox travels through a sunless forest in the Amazon with local activists to measure oil spills. He goes to a village in Ecuador to learn how people there stopped a pipeline from being built. He joins young people in Australia to stop ships from entering the port of Newcastle.
“You should probably know the negative part of what we’re about to do. This is the short list: drowning, arrest, being run over by boats, being carried away in water into the Pacific Ocean, cultural disrespect and big waves.”
Also in the film, Fox talks to Ella Zhou, an energy expert. She explained the importance of what she calls“moral(道德) imagination”. “I think that it forces us to get out of our box of thinking about, for example, what is being successful. It allows us to have a moral value about what we want as a person. What do we want to do for the world and for ourselves? ”
1. What does the underlined word “that” refer to?A.The extreme weather. | B.The lack of food and water. |
C.The pollution from fossil fuels. | D.The support for renewable energy. |
A.The centers of our value structure. |
B.The correct response to climate change. |
C.The terrible effects climate change causes. |
D.The process of removing natural gas from the ground. |
A.To call on people to join him. |
B.To express his love for adventure. |
C.To prove that filming is a difficult career. |
D.To stress the difficulties they met as climate activists. |
A.It tells us the way to success. | B.It makes us creative in thinking. |
C.It encourages us to realize our dreams. | D.It helps us find the true meaning of life. |