【推荐2】No human community has not worked out a language for itself Each language is based on the life of the people who invented it，so it is especially useful to them．For example，Eskimos use a large number of words for different kinds of snow．These would be useless to people living in a hot country．
Languages change all the time．Words that are no longer needed in everyday conversation drop out of use，though they can still be found in books and dictionaries．This is often because the word has been replaced(代替)by another simpler one that most people prefer．For example, 'car' is now used instead of 'automobile'．Words can change their meanings，or have new ones added to them．The development of computers has given new meanings to words like 'programme', 'disc' and 'mouse' and invented new words like 'byte'．
Often words borrowed from other languages are used to create new words．English contains many words that were originally French and were introduced into the language in 1066．'Court', 'beef' and 'vegetable' are a few examples．
At first sight，or at first hearing，      ． But when you look more closely, or listen more carefully，it is possible to find links and similarities between some languages．For example，the word brother is like Bruder in German．Language experts have grouped together languages that seem to be connected into language families．
Generally, languages that belong(属于)to a particular family have similar sounding words which have the same meaning．English belongs to the same language family as French，German，Spanish，and many languages spoken in Europe and Asia．They belong to the Indo—European group and it is the largest language family．The Chinese language belongs to Sino—Tibetan group, while Japanese belongs to yet another family which includes Korean．
But differences in language can make a barrier(障碍)when countries meet to discuss world issues．To smooth away the barrier，the United Nations use Chinese，English，French，Russian and Spanish as a few official languages throughout their meetings．In some countries where many languages are spoken，there is an official language for formal(正式的)and business use．For instance，English is the official language in India．
1. The example of the Eskimos mentioned in Para．It shows that     ．

A．language is close to the life of the people who invented it

B．the same word has different meanings in cold and hot countries

C．people change the meanings of words in books and dictionaries

D．Eskimos prefer to add new uses to words in everyday conversation

2. People today prefer the word'car'to'automobile'because     ．

A．'car' sounds nice at first hearing	B．'car' is simpler than 'automobile'
C．'automobile' is harder to pronounce	D．'automobile' has changed its meaning

3. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in the passage?

A．languages used in most countries change with the time

B．languages of different places sound difficult to understand

C．languages spoken throughout the world seem very different

D．languages with similar pronunciation make people feel close

4. It can be inferred(推断)from the passage that     ．

A．many words in English，Spanish and German share similar sounds and meaning

B．English and Spanish are used as official languages at business meetings in Europe

C．the Chinese，Japanese and Koreau languages belong to the largest language family

D．some French words were introduced into English in order to better their own   culture

【推荐3】Every society has its own ways of saying things. One popular expression in the United States is “hitting the books”. It means studying a subject with great effort（努力）.

A student who hits the books spends long hours preparing for a test. They read their books carefully, and then read them a second time, and a third time. They make sure they know all the material the teacher has offered and prepare for every possible answer. They study every night. They are “hitting the books”.

In the United States, most children begin school when they are five years old. Public education is free and most children go to school near their homes. School in these early years is fun. The children learn to read and write. But they also play games and go on trips. There is no reason at such an early age for them to hit the books.

This situation changes as children become older. The subjects become more difficult. Students must learn world history, math, and the life sciences. Tests become more common. Pressure（压力）is growing for the students to hit the books, study hard and advance（提前）.

However, most serious students only really begin hitting the books for long hours when they reach high school.

High school students who hope to go on a college must take a national test called the SAT. The test has two parts. The first part tests the students’ ability with numbers and mathematical skills. The second part tests the students’ ability in the English language.

The SAT test is very important. A high school student who gets a high score on the two parts of the test has a good chance to enter a top American college. For this reason, many students hit the books for months to prepare for the SAT.

All this adds up to a lot of work and “hitting the books”. Knowledge is something that is not easy to get.

1. What does “hit the books” mean?

A．Hate the books very much.

B．Sell the books to new students.

C．Study a subject with great effort.

D．Beat the books with something.

2. Children at their early age ________ in school in the United States.

A．hit the books.	B．learn with fun.
C．study hard and advance.	D．only play computer games.

3. Which of the following statements is true about the SAT test?

A．It is only held in certain parts of the country

B．It also tests the students’ knowledge on the life sciences.

C．It is not good because the students have to hit the books.

D．It helps in deciding whether the students can go to good universities.

4. In which of the following situations would a student probably hit the books?

A．At the start of a new term.	B．After a test.
C．At the end of a term.	D．At an early age.

【推荐1】As a traditional and meaningful board game, Weiqi was invented in China in the BC480 and it is still played until today.

The playing pieces are called stones. One player uses the white stones and the other, black. The players take turns to play the stones on the game board. As we know, the board surface(板面)   has 361 cross points. The stones are placed on them.

Weiqi is also called Go in the world. Learning it can not only improve people’s logical thinking ability, but it can also develop their calm character. That’s why it is more and more popular with modern people.

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Weiqi traveled to Japan, and then to Europe in the 19th century. Now it has grown into an international competition event. So far, people from over 40 countries have played it. Among them, players from China, Japan and South Korea have the highest level of Weiqi.

On February 19, Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi Term (术语) came out in Beijing. It’s the first professional(专业的) dictionary about Weiqi in China. As a symbol of Chinese culture, Weiqi has its special language. The dictionary will serve as a necessary tool and bridge for spreading Weiqi culture.

1. When was Weiqi invented in China?

A．In the BC800.

B．In the BC480.

C．In the AD480.

D．In the AD 500.

2. What does the underlined word pieces in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?

A．碎片

B．棋子

C．零件

D．条/块

3. According to the passage, Weiqi can improve people’s ________.

A．logical thinking ability

B．language ability

C．physical ability

D．writing ability

4. From the passage, we can learn that ________.

A．Weiqi’s board surface has 360 cross points

B．Weiqi traveled to Japan and Europe in Qing Dynasty

C．Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi is the only professional dictionary

D．Weiqi is a symbol of Chinese culture

5. What is the best title of the passage?

A．The advantages of Weiqi.	B．The language of Weiqi.
C．An introduction(介绍) of Weiqi.	D．The ways of playing Weiqi.

【推荐3】We call the Chinese New Year the Spring Festival. There is a name for each Chinese year. We may call it the year of the sheep, the monkey, the snake, the tiger, the rabbit, the horse or the year of the pig. And this year is the year of the Sheep.
Before New   Year’s Day, people are busy shopping and cleaning their houses. They are busy buying new clothes, new shoes, and candies. On New Year’s Eve, there is a big family dinner. After the dinner, all the family members stay up late to welcome the New Year. On the first day of the New Year, people put on their new clothes and go to visit their friends. They say “Happy New Year” and some other greetings to each other. And on that day, children can get money in red packets. Besides, children have a lot of candies to eat. People wear new clothes and shoes.
People usually have a very good time during the Festival.
1. How many Chinese festivals does the passage talk about?

A．One

B．Two

C．Three

D．Four

2. We can find every Chinese year has _______ name.

A．an animal	B．a plant
C．a family	D．a full

3. How do Chinese people usually spend New Year’s Eve?

A．They put on new clothes and go to the park.

B．They visit their friends and talk about the New Year.

C．They are busy shopping and cleaning their houses.

D．They have a big dinner and stay up late to welcome the New Year.

4. On New Year’s Day, people say “______” to each other when they meet.

A．Merry Christmas	B．Good luck
C．Happy New Year	D．Both B and C

5. The best title for this passage is _______.

A．Good Time	B．Big Dinner
C．The Spring Festival	D．The Year of the Sheep

【推荐1】In Pontevedra, Spain, people don’t shout. Since cars are not allowed in the city, there are no horns（喇叭）or noises from car engines. People don’t have to try hard to make themselves heard. What you hear in the street, instead, is the singing of birds.

“Listen,” says Miguel Lores, the mayor（市长）, opening the windows of his office. From the street below rises the sound of human voices. More than 14,000 cars used to pass along this street every day. There were more cars passing through the city in a day than people living here.

Lores became mayor in 1999. He spent months walking around the city. “The historical city is dead,” he said one day. “It is full of cars. It is heavily polluted. There are a lot of traffic accidents. The elderly and children aren’t able to use the streets because of cars. People who had a chance to leave have done so.”

At first, Lores thought of improving traffic conditions. However, he couldn’t come up with a good plan. After lots of discussions, the government finally decided to get rid of cars.

The change has brought Pontevedra many benefits. Traffic accidents are now rare. CO₂ emissions（排放物）are down by 70%. Many people are moving to the city, making it lively again.

Most local people like the change. Ramiro Armesto, a mother of two young children, said, “In the past, the first thing to see in the morning was traffic jams. Now, the city is cleaner, quieter and safer.” Raquel Garcia, another parent, said she had stayed in many cities around the world. However, she had never lived in a city as “easy to live in” as Pontevedra. “Even if it’s raining, I walk everywhere. The feeling is wonderful,” she added.

1. From Paragraph 1, we know Pontevedra is a(n) ________ city in Spain.

A．ancient

B．quiet

C．busy

D．crowded

2. For Lores, what was the city Pontevedra’s main problem?

A．The historical city was dead.	B．There were lots of traffic accidents.
C．Many people were leaving the city.	D．There were too many cars in the city.

3. The underlined word “benefits” probably means “________” in English.

A．choices

B．advantages

C．problems

D．symbols

4. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?

A．To show how people like the change.	B．To let more cities follow the change.
C．To explain what people think of the city.	D．To tell why people like living in Pontevedra.

【推荐2】It is very easy to make an omelette(煎蛋卷). There are many kinds of omelettes, but all of them have eggs in them.

First, decide how many people you are cooking for. You need two eggs for each person.

Next, break the eggs into a bowl. Add a little pepper and salt. Beat the eggs with a fork.

After you beat the eggs, add one or more of the following: ham, cheese, green peppers and tomatoes. All of these things should be cut into small pieces.

Put a little butter into a pan. After it melts, pour the eggs into the pan.

Cook until the top of the eggs looks dry. Turn the omelette over so that both sides are cooked.

Finally, cut the omelette into pieces and serve it with some cheese on top.

1. What is the main thing used to make an omelette?

A．Bread.

B．Eggs.

C．Fruit.

D．Meat.

2. Which of these is not used to make an omelette?

A．bowl.

B．fork.

C．pan.

D．Pot.

3. If you are cooking omelettes for three people, how many eggs do you need?

A．Two.

B．Four.

C．Six.

D．Eight.

4. What kinds of things can you “pour”?

A．Things like air.	B．Things like trees.
C．Things like paper.	D．Things like water.

【推荐3】It may look a little scary, but in fact it’s just an ugly apple on sale at Intermarche, one of France’s most popular supermarkets. And some other shops are giving away out-of-date(过期) food to people in need. All of them are trying new ways to solve a serious problem: food waste(浪费).

A lot of waste comes from supermarkets. Most supermarkets sell only good-looking fruits and vegetables. They believe that people won’t buy an onion that is a watermelon size or a pear in an unusual color. So, although perfectly safe to eat, “ugly” food never appears in supermarkets.

________ Supermarkets sold ugly food at a lower price and made ads to tell people that “ugly” food is just as tasty as “good-looking” food. Many people came to buy and try them. Soon after that, the supermarkets saw not only less waste but also growing sales.

Other supermarkets are helping to cut down on waste as well. Denmark’s Wefood Supermarket sells only foods that are past their “best before” dates at lower prices. A lot of people come and enjoy shopping at half price.

Britain’s Marks & Spencer stores give away unsold food to poor people. The biggest UK supermarket Tesco, does the same. In Australia, supermarkets sell local food, as it cuts down on food waste on the road. When food does not travel very far, it also brings less pollution.

1. Which picture best shows the apple in Paragraph 1?

A．

B．

C．

D．

2. Which sentence can be put in “________”?

A．Tasty food should always have good looks.	B．Canada’s supermarkets wanted to change this.
C．Good-looking food should be cheap, too.	D．Not all supermarkets had money to make ads.

3. The writer tells us what supermarkets are doing by ________.

A．giving examples

B．giving reasons

C．asking questions

D．telling a story

4. What can we infer from the article?

A．Ugly food is sold at lower prices in some supermarkets.

B．Only selling good-looking fruits is a good way to solve food waste.

C．How sellers sell fruits may have much to do with the food waste problem.

D．How people buy things is the main reason for food waste.

【推荐1】Today is Tom’s birthday. His friends give him some birthday ____. They are very nice. There is a desk and a chair in his room. He puts(放) presents on them. A white watch and a black pencil box are on the desk. In the pencil box, there are pencils and pens. And a ruler is in the pencil box, too. Mary gives him a computer game for a present. He likes it very much.
1. The   underlined word (画线单词) means ________.

A．蛋糕

B．礼物

C．面包

D．贺卡

2. There _______ in his room.

A．is a desk and some chairs

B．are some desks and a chair

C．is a desk and a chair.

3. What are in the pencil box?

A．Computer games

B．An eraser

C．Pencils, pens and a ruler

4. What color is his watch ?

A．White

B．Black

C．white and black

5. Who gives Tom a computer game ?

A．Mary

B．Mary’s friend

C．Tom’s sister

【推荐2】One day, a middle school teacher comes into the classroom and says to his students, “Today I want you to write about yesterday’s football match. I'm going to take your exercise books home with me. Now please begin.”
The students all take out their pens and exercise books and begin to write. A boy called Tom thinks hard.At first he doesn't write down a word.But Five minutes later, he finishes. He stands up and looks at the teacher. The teacher asks, “What is the matter, Tom?” “I have finished, sir.” says the boy. “Well, give me your book.” The boy goes to the teacher and gives him the exercise book. The teacher opens it and reads, “Rain, no match. ”
1. What does the teacher ask the students to do?

A．To read the text

B．To write about a match

C．To do their homework

D．To have a lesson

2. Where is the teacher going to read the students' exercise books ?

A．In class	B．At home
C．At school	D．In the classroom

3. What does Tom write after he thinks hard ?

A．Many things	B．Ten words
C．A word	D．Rain, no match.

4. Tom is        to give the exercise book to the teacher..

A．the third	B．the last
C．the first	D．the second

5. Tom writes              about the match.

A．nothing	B．a lot
C．a little	D．much

【推荐3】

"Well, I'll eat the cake," Alice said. "If I get taller, I can reach the key on the table. And if get smaller, I can go under the door into the garden. "Then she finished the cake very soon.

"I shall be as tall as a house in a minute," she said. She tried to look down at her feet, and could only just see them.

Just then her head hit the ceiling （天花板） of the room. She was now about three meters tall quickly, she took the key from the table and hurried to the garden door. But she was too tall to go through the door. She began to cry. The tears （泪水） ran down her face, and soon there was   large pool of salt water all around her on the floor. Suddenly she heard a voice, and she stopped crying to listen.

"Oh, the Duchess （公爵夫人）, the Duchess! She'll be very angry! I'm late, and she's waiting for me. Oh dear, oh dear!"

It was the White Rabbit again. He was hurrying down the long room, with a pair of white gloves in one hand and a fan in the other hand.

Alice was afraid, but she needed help. So she said in a low voice, "Oh, please, sir."

Her voice frightened （使惊恐） the Rabbit. He dropped the gloves and the fan, and ran away quickly.

Alice picked up the gloves and the fan. The room was very hot, so she cooled down with the fan. She said, "Oh dear! How strange everything is today! Shall I get smaller during the night?"

She began to feel very unhappy again, but then she looked down at her hand. She was wearing one of the Rabbit's white gloves. "How did I get it on my hand?" she thought." Oh, I'm getting smaller again! I'm already less than a meter tall and getting smaller every second! How can I stop it?" She saw the fan in her other hand. "It must be the fan!" she thought, and quickly she dropped it.

She was now very, very small, and the key was still lying on the table.

"Things are worse than ever," thought poor Alice. She turned away from the door, and fell into salt water, right up to her neck. At first, she thought it was the sea, but then she saw it was the pool of her own tears.

"Oh, why did I cry so much?" said Alice. She swam around and looked for a way out, but the pool was very big. Just then she saw an animal in the water near her. It looked like a large animal to Alice, but it was only a mouse.

"Shall I speak to it?" thought Alice. "Everything is very strange here, so perhaps a mouse can speak."

Then she began, "Oh, mouse, do you know the way out of this pool? I am very tired of swimming."

But the mouse looked at her with its little eyes and said nothing.

"Perhaps it doesn't understand English," thought Alice. "Perhaps it's a French mouse." So she began again, and said in French, "Where is my cat?" （This was first sentence in her French book.）

The mouse jumped half out of the water and looked at her angrily.

"Oh, I'm sorry!" cried Alice quickly. "Of course, you don't like cats, do you?"

"No. I don't like cats," the mouse replied.

（Adapted from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland）

1. What did the White Rabbit drop when he heard Alice's voice?

A．The cake and the fan.

B．The cake and the key.

C．The gloves and the fan.

D．The gloves and the key.

2. How did Alice feel after the White Rabbit ran away?

A．Bored.

B．Excited.

C．Unhappy.

D．Curious.

3. What is the correct order of what happened to Alice in the story?
a. Alice fell into the salt water.
b. Alice ate up the whole cake.
c. Alice met a mouse and spoke to it.
d. Alice took the key and hurried to the door.

A．b﹣a﹣d﹣c

B．c﹣b﹣d﹣a

C．c﹣d﹣a﹣b

D．b﹣d﹣a﹣c

4. What can we learn from the story?

A．The key was taken away by a French cat.

B．The fan made Alice get smaller and smaller.

C．The mouse couldn't speak French or English.

D．The White Rabbit was waiting for the Duchess.

5. Which of the following is the best title for the story?

A．The White Rabbit's house

B．The ceiling of the room

C．A cute mouse and a lazy cat

D．Alice's strange experience