In most situations, light helps us see. But nowadays humans are using too much of it. In fact, it's a kind of pollution.
When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life's most wonderful views: stars, planets and even galaxies(星系).
According to scientific research, about 2,500 stars can be seen by the human's eyes without using any special equipment. But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today's countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city. In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood.
Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky. Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too.
When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles until they drop from tiredness. Sea turtles（海龟）need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can't find their ideal places because of those bright lights.
Too much light at night may even affect human's health, but scientists are not sure of that. They are still learning more.
In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution. Many cities and towns have taken actions to reduce the use of lights at night.
Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed. They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels.
Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too.
1. Why does the writer think that too much light is a kind of pollution?| A．Stars are becoming fewer and fewer. |
| B．Human's health has been affected. |
| C．Sea turtles have to lay eggs in dark beaches. |
| D．Some of the wildlife can be harmed. |
| A．Human's eyes are greatly hurt. |
| B．Birds get lost by the brightness. |
| C．Some of sea turtles die of tiredness. |
| D．We can only see about 200 stars in the city. |
| A．Strong light is a waste of energy. |
| B．Animals can't find proper places to live. |
| C．Too much light is bad for human's health. |
| D．Wonderful views of sky have been changed. |
| A．There are about 2,500 stars in the sky. |
| B．Now humans refuse to use lower-bright lights. |
| C．Something has been done to reduce light pollution. |
| D．Lights are shone up into the sky to reduce the brightness. |
| A．Pleased. | B．Awful. | C．Disappointed. | D．Strange. |
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【推荐1】Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern(现代的) machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution(污染). Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and polluted our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog(烟雾).
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.
1. Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because________.| A．there were not any modern machines | B．there was no modern medicine |
| C．both A and B | D．there were not many people |
| A．Water pollution | B．Air pollution | C．Noise. | D．Pollution. |
| A．before they are thrown away | B．when they are thrown away |
| C．after it is thrown away | D．before it is thrown away |
| A．a few years ago, there was no smog at all |
| B．today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voice |
| C．we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes |
| D．people are making rules in order to fight pollution |
| A. Waste should be thrown into bins. Otherwise, it will be buried in the soil and get into waters. Then land pollution and water pollution will be caused. As a result, plants can’t grow well and animals may eat rubbish. Such plants and animals pose (造成) a real risk to people who eat them. B. Noise pollution can cause health problems. For example, loud noises can cause hearing loss. People who live in noisy conditions for a long time may go deaf. They can also influence sleep. Not getting enough sleep makes people tired. Some people even get a headache or serious heart problems because of loud noises. C. The extreme (极度的) heat creates the ideal environment for a wildfire or bushfire. And people use much more water and electricity during the hot weather, which will worsen the shortage of resources (资源). What’s worse, the heat can cause physical harm to people. Sometimes, it can even cause deaths. D. There are different kinds of animals living in the forest. When people cut down trees, they are taking a home away from animals. Besides, without trees, greenhouse gases will increase and the planet will get warmer. This results in extreme weather patterns such as hurricanes (飓风) and droughts (干旱). E. If too many people prefer to drive, a traffic jam (堵塞) can’t be avoided. It will take them much time to get somewhere. And if they are not careful enough, traffic accidents will happen. Besides, while they’re driving, air is being polluted. And air pollution can seriously harm people’s health. |
【推荐3】Plastic is one of the biggest polluters in our environment. And Coca-Cola was named the world’s number one plastic polluter in 2020. The Coca-Cola company is finally taking action to deal with this growing problem.
Though plastic is very useful, it is also an “alien” material to Earth, because the soil cannot turn plastic back into CO₂ and water. And this is not the only problem. When plastic finally does degrade（降解）, thanks to the sun, it produces greenhouse gas emissions（排放物）and harmful chemicals into the environment, only making the climate（气候）even worse.
The Coca-Cola company is working with a Danish company to create 100% recyclable soda bottles instead of plastic ones.
Creating a paper bottle is challenging. The paper bottle must still follow the same safety standards as the plastic bottles. The carbonated liquid（碳酸液体）in the paper bottle needs to be tested in different environments. Moreover, the paper has to meet the needs of different shapes and sizes for different brands.
The first paper bottle will be tested in Hungary this summer. The bottle is made of a single piece of material instead of separate parts, which would make the bottle weaker. Because paper cannot come into direct contact with the drink, the bottle still includes a（recyclable）plastic inside and cap. However, how to make the paper cap is still unclear yet.
Even if the paper bottles are successful, it will be some time before companies use them instead of plastic that is cheap and easy-to-produce. However, Coca-Cola’s steps are still steps towards a brighter future.
1. What can we know about plastic according to the passage?| A．Plastic is a kind of special alien material. |
| B．Plastic bottles are less useful than paper bottles. |
| C．Plastic can’t be turned back into CO₂ and water in the soil. |
| D．The Coca-Cola company made plastic the biggest polluter. |
| A．tell us what the environment is like now |
| B．explain why Coca-Cola is making paper bottles |
| C．recommend us not to use plastic bottles any more |
| D．introduce the situation of environment in 2020 to us |
| A．It’s more expensive to use paper bottles. | B．They will be put into use this summer. |
| C．They follow new safety standards. | D．Each part of the bottles is made of paper. |
| A．different tests on paper bottles | B．high technology in making paper bottles |
| C．confidence in dealing with plastic pollution | D．tries at protecting the environment |
【推荐1】Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have different uses.
Tea drinking started in China over 4, 000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey （土耳其）, tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcoming. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers （同事）.
Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1, 000 years ago. Coffee is made from coffee beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them keep sober so that they can put their whole heart in their work. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
1. The underlined word “sober” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
| A．混沌的 | B．清醒的 | C．愉悦的 |
| A．China | B．the UK | C．Turkey |
| A．drink tea to put on weight | B．think of tea as a bad drink | C．have tea to relax themselves |
| A．Coffee came much earlier than tea. |
| B．Some people meet and talk with friends in coffee shops. |
| C．Coffee is made from coffee beans. |
| A．The Smells of Tea and Coffee |
| B．The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee |
| C．The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee |
【推荐2】People usually hate mice, but one mouse owns the hearts of the people almost all over the world—the famous Mickey Mouse.
Many years ago, most films had no sound. A man called Walt Disney made a cartoon mouse. The cartoon mouse could talk in these films. He named his mouse Mickey Mouse. Soon Mickey became a good friend of both young people and old people. Children liked to see their lovely friend, because he brought happiness to them.
Mickey is a clean mouse right from the beginning. Maybe that is why people love Mickey Mouse very much. In his early life, Mickey did something wrong. People were very angry. They wrote to Disney and said the didn’t want Mickey to do the wrong things again. Because there were some things that Mickey could not do, Disney made a new animal called Donald Duck. He also made a dog, Pluto. This dog does some foolish（愚蠢的）and wrong things whenever he goes. Now, our Mickey Mouse is more interesting than before. He is known as a star of beauty and wisdom. He has his friends in almost every country.
1. Mickey Mouse first came out ________.| A．on TV | B．in the film | C．on the radio | D．in a picture book |
| A．it can speak well | B．it is clean and handsome |
| C．it makes them happy | D．it is a good mouse |
| A．a foolish dog that often does something wrong | B．a clever dog that can do everything well |
| C．a beautiful dog that people like very much | D．a famous dog as a star of beauty and wisdom |
| A．愚意 | B．美丽 | C．智慧 | D．狡诈 |
| A．Pluto | B．Donald Duck | C．Mickey Mouse | D．Walt Disney |
| The Temple of Heaven, in southern Beijing, was first built in 1420 and was rebuilt during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties would admire the god and hope for good harvest. It is the largest group of buildings in the world to pay homage (致敬) to god. |
| The Potala Palace was built in the seventh century and it has a long history of over 1,300 years. In 641, Songtsen Gampo, the ruler of the Tubo kingdom, asked his people to build it for Princess Wencheng of the Tang Dynasty. It has 13 floors and is 117 metres high. And it is made of wood and stones. |
| The Terracotta Warriors and Horses is the greatest historical and cultural site (遗址) in Lintong, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province. Emperor Qin Shi Huang began to build it at the age of 13. It took 11 years. The terracotta figures have the same size as a real man. They have different heights, clothes and hairstyles because of their different levels. |
| The Mogao Caves is formed by 492 temples, 25 kilometres southeast of the centre of Dunhuang. It is also called the Caves of a Thousand Buddhas (千佛洞). The largest statue (雕像) in front of the cave wall is 34.5 metres high and the smallest is only 2 cm high. The art of Dunhuang covers more than 10 major forms, such as wall paintings, music and dance and so on. |
1. When was the Temple of Heaven first built?
| A．In 492. | B．In 641. | C．In 1311. | D．In 1420. |
| A．the god | B．Princess Wencheng | C．his people | D．Emperor Qin Shi Huang |
| A．The Temple of Heaven. | B．The Potala Palace. |
| C．The Terracotta Warriors and Horses. | D．The Mogao Caves. |
| A．2 cm | B．34.5 m | C．25 m | D．13 cm |
Scientists say that the gravity makes the world turn, but some people say that love makes
Love may connect people all over the world, but what would the world be without generosity? Whether after a national disaster or a school fund raiser, one thing is certain--- it is better to give than to receive. Generosity is found everywhere and whether it’s a large or small act, it makes a difference. Most of all, generosity is not something you need any qualifications（资格）for, and no matter what you do, it can make a difference. Sometimes, though, it takes effort to be generous, which leads us to perseverance.
Founding a country, riding a bike, or finishing a novel, these are all finished with perseverance. Perseverance is the one thing that can help us achieve whatever we want. It is what helps scientists discover cures for illnesses, and athletes become winners. You may fail, but every time you make a mistake, that’s one less to make the next time.
There is an infinite(无限的) number of things we value. But without love, generosity, and perseverance, we just don’t think that our lives or the world would be the way it is.
1. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph means .
| A．the world | B．the gravity | C．the value | D．the experience |
| A．you needn’t make effort |
| B．you should be qualified(有资格的) |
| C．you should give all you have |
| D．you find it meaningful whatever you do |
| A．财富 | B．体力 | C．毅力 | D．机遇 |
| A．Perseverance is the only thing to help us achieve success. |
| B．People don’t understand life they experience at all. |
| C．Helping others is always better than receiving help. |
| D．What the world is like depends on the gravity and love. |
| A．Success and failure | B．Three values | C．Endless love | D．Hard life |
【推荐2】At the age of 14, the Hong Kong-born Emma Yang has already created her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s（老年痴呆）patients, which has impressed the likes of Bill Gates. Yang named it Timeless. The AI technology has been used to help Alzheimer’s patients know the people in photos and remember who they are.
The inspiration（灵感）to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother suffered from the illness. Then, she decided to try her best to create the app.
“ I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay connected with their family, ”Yang said. “ I started learning coding（编码）when I was around 6, and later began developing games and websites, ” Yang said. Yang’s father, who works in the technology industry, was the one who introduced her to computers and Scratch, a programming program aimed at kids.
Still, Yang’s life as a young software developer has not been without difficulties. Many businessmen have not taken her work seriously. Unstopped by such problems, Yang started an Indiegogo crowdfunding campaign（众筹）in March last year to support her Timeless app project.
“ I think perseverance（坚持不懈）is really important, ” Yang said. “ Never let anyone tell you that you shouldn’t be in the field that you want to be in the most. ”
She encouraged other young people to believe in themselves, because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders.
1. How many years did Emma Yang spend creating the app?| A．1. | B．2. | C．5. | D．10. |
| A．Her mother. | B．Her grandmother. |
| C．Her father. | D．Her grandfather. |
| A．She is friendly. | B．She is careless. |
| C．She is patient. | D．She is hard-working. |
| A．Bill Gates likes the Timeless because Emma Yang is his friend. |
| B．Alzheimer’s patients forget everything except their own birthday. |
| C．Emma Yang’s life as a young software developer has not been easy. |
| D．Her father offered $ 10, 000 to support the app. |
| A．Emma Yang created the app with the help of Bill Gates. |
| B．The AI technology has been the biggest problem for Emma. |
| C．Emma Yang encouraged all Chinese students to learn coding. |
| D．It is important for teenagers to believe in themselves and try to realize their dreams. |
【推荐3】Paul is a funny boy. He has funny ideas and often does some special things.
One day, he went to the bakery next to his house. The assistant saw Paul and asked, “May I help you?”
Pau answered, “Yes, do you have fifty buns?”
The assistant looked at the buns and said, “Oh, sorry, my little boy. We don’t have so many buns. It’s 8:00 p.m. now. Many of them are sold in the day. Do you need anything else?”
“No, thanks,” Paul felt a little unhappy and went out.
The next day, Paul went there again. “Do you have fifty buns today?” The assistant answered, “Sorry, I’m afraid we still don’t have enough. But we have some cakes. Do you want some?” Paul said “No.” and went out.
On the third day, Paul went to the same bakery. He asked, “Do you have fifty buns now?” The assistant was very happy. She said, “Oh, yes, yes, we have fifty this time. They are all delicious.”
“How much is a bun?”
“It’s 2 dollars.”
Paul took out 2 dollars and gave it to the assistant. “QK, please give me one.”
1. When did Paul come to the bakery on the first day?| A．In the morning. | B．In the afternoon |
| C．At noon. | D．In the evening. |
| A．buns | B．bakeries | C．cakes | D．assistants |
| A．1 | B．2 | C．25 | D．50 |
| A．Paul paid 2$ in the bakery next to his house |
| B．the assistant in the bakery was helpful and kind |
| C．Paul has funny ideas and does something special |
| D．the assistant was happy to see Paul every day |
The United Nations lists the rights of children. Most countries agree all of them, but some countries do not. The following are some of the most important rights of children:
Children have the right to be properly fed, clothed and sheltered by their family. If their family can’t do so, the government should take responsibility.
Children have the right to an education and medical care, which should be provided by the government.
Children must not be cruelly punished by their parents or any others.
Children have the right to expect the government to protect them from all kinds of abuse and neglect(虐待和忽略).
No child under fifteen should be made to fight in an army.
Children have the right to be protected from being made to work too hard to make money for other people.
In some countries children do not have these rights. Many young children are made to work long hours in factories and on farms. In some countries there are so few schools that only rich children get an education. There are not enough doctors or nurses to help many children when they are sick.
The rights of children are, therefore, the rights people think children should have. They are not always the rights children really have.
1. ______ agree with the United Nations’ list of children’s rights.
| A．All countries | B．A few countries | C．No countries | D．Most countries |
| A．something people have to do | B．something people want to do |
| C．something people know how to do | D．something people love to do |
| A．there aren’t enough schools | B．there are no schools |
| C．they come from rich families | D．they want to work in factories |
| A．Children are made to work long hours on farms. |
| B．The United Nations website is useful for the school project. |
| C．Children have the right to be properly fed, clothed and sheltered. |
| D．The United Nations has listed the rights it thinks children should have. |
②An example: Dad asked her to get his glasses from the kitchen. My sister said, “You’ve got legs. You get them..” When he asked again, she said, "Benny’s got legs. He can get them. "Mum and Dad thought she was funny. I just thought she was rude.
③One night she woke Dad and said she dreamed that "Benny was fighting a witch (巫婆)."Mum and Dad let her sleep in their bed the rest of the night. I never slept in their bed- not that I would have wanted to. She is so spoilt.
④One time at the beach after she'd been playing in the surf with Mum, my sister shouted that an "octopus’s tentacles" had bitten (咬) her. Dad laughed his head off. It wasn't that funny. She was certainly imagining. I knew that's what she thought as I'd done a project on animals for school.
⑤She likes to do homework when I do mine. She sits next to me and pretends to write pages of homework. It's just letters such as the letters in her name that she repeats for row after row. Mum says she s just trying to be like me but it drives me crazy when I'm trying to fix my attention on my work.
⑥She took her favorite book, Animalia, to Kindy(幼儿园) this morning. When dad and I collected her from Kindy this afternoon, a boy had taken her book out of her locker and was being really careless with the pages. I could tell she didn’t like him having her book. I took the book off the boy and told him to treat books nicely. My sister looked very happy.
⑦Later my Dad told me that my sister admires me. I guess that’s pretty cool.
1. Which of the following shows the structure(结构)of the whole passage?
| A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．The sister is worried about Benny’s legs. |
| B．The sister doesn’t want to help her Dad. |
| C．The sister is just playing a joke on Benny. |
| D．The sister thinks she can’t get the glasses at all. |
| A．She likes him very much. |
| B．She is jealous(嫉妒) of him. |
| C．She is afraid of him. |
| D．She wants his attention all the time. |
| A．proud and lucky | B．annoyed but thankful |
| C．angry and hurt | D．jealous but protective |
【推荐3】It was a fine spring day with beautiful flowers in the park. A young man arrived early and waited for his girlfriend under a big tree. But he was so short-tempered(脾气暴躁的) that he wasn't in the mood to enjoy the view.
Suddenly, an angel appeared. “Put this button(纽扣) onto your clothes. If you don't want to wait, just turn the button to the right. You can skip over any time period if you want to. "
The man happily held the button and turned it softly. Oh! How amazing! His girlfriend appeared before him and was gently smiling to him! How I wish our wedding ceremony could be held now ! He turned the button once again. A great wedding appeared in front of him, the beautiful bride was standing next to him and the band was playing cheerful music. He lost himself in it deeply.
The desires in his heart kept coming out : I also want a big house with a garden in the front. He turned the button. Then he wished for children. All of a sudden, a group of lovely children were playing happily in the huge living room. Again, he jumped at the chance to turn the button to the right.
How time flew. Before he could see beautiful flowers in the garden, everything had been covered in deep snow. Looking at himself again, he found his hair was totally white. He had already become so old.
He felt so sad. He would rather enjoy life step by step than watch it go by in such a hurry. He quickly turned the button to the left. Once again, he was waiting for his lovely girlfriend under that big tree.
1. Which of the following word can best describe the young man?| A．Handsome. | B．Kind. | C．Smart. | D．Impatient. |
| A．Spend. | B．Pass. | C．Wait. | D．Save. |
| A．You can have lots of fun waiting for others. |
| B．The more you expect, the sadder you will be. |
| C．Time flies and we should learn to hurry to do things. |
| D．Let nature take its course, and enjoy your life journey. |
