【推荐2】请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容，从下面方框内的七个选项中选出五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺，结构完整。

Nowadays, many people have realized the importance of leadership(领导) skill. Good leaders do better in solving problems than poor ones. Without good leaders, problems can’t be solved.     1     What’s more, good leaders are good at cooperating with others. Usually, they are good listeners as well. But being good leaders isn’t easy. So let me give you some suggestions to help you become a good leader.

Learn from books. Maybe nobody teaches you how to be a good leader, but you can learn it on your own. Read books about great leaders from home and abroad. By reading, you can learn a lot from their experiences and find out their secrets of success.     2    

Learn from students’ leaders in your school. There is no doubt that those leaders who are popular with the students in your school must have their advantages over others.    3     Take an active part in the activities organized by the excellent leaders and learn from them at once. Then you will know the answer.

    4     Find the students that have the same interests as you have and start a club. Activities should be organized regularly in the club. When the members in your club have trouble in solving problems, you should communicate with them and find out the causes of the problems. After the problems are solved, you can share pleasure with them. As time passes by, you will get more trust like those popular leaders. Sooner or later, you will be a good leader.

    5     Get started before it’s too late! As long as you keep trying, you will develop your leadership skills.

A．Practice what you have learned.

B．So good leaders are very important.

C．Communication plays a very important part in life.

D．Don't you want to know why they are so successful?

E．Then you will be more confident of being a good leader.

F．Learning to be a good leader is a hard task for everyone.

G．In short, being a good leader needs courage and patience.

【推荐3】If you wish to become a better reader, here are four important things to remember about reading rate:

● Knowing why you are reading or what you are reading to find out will often help you to know whether to read fast or slowly.

● Some things should be read slowly throughout. Examples are directions for making or doing something, arithmetic problems, science and history books, which are full of important information. You must read such things slowly to remember each important step and understand each important ideas.

● Some things should be read quickly throughout. Examples are simple stories meant for enjoyment, news letters from friends, pieces of news from local, or home-town, papers, telling what is happening to friends and neighbors.

● In some of your reading, you must change your speed from fast to slow and slow to fast, as you go along. You will need to read certain pages quickly and then slow down and do more careful reading when you come to important ideas which must be remembered.

1. The underlined word "rate" in the first sentence means _______.

A．fast

B．slow

C．speed

D．skill

2. Which should be read slowly according to the passage?

A．Stories for enjoyment	B．Arithmetic problems
C．Letters from friends	D．News from hometown newspapers

3. How fast should we read?

A．The faster, the better.	B．The more slowly, the better.
C．Neither too fast nor too slow.	D．It depends on what we are reading.

4. According to the passage which of the following is NOT true?

A．Read slowly when you are reading something important to you.

B．Read fast when you are reading something unimportant to you.

C．Read the materials that you are interested in slowly.

D．Read the materials that you are interested in fast.

【推荐1】

Many people think of the brain as a mystery. They don’t know much about intelligence and how it works. When they do think about what intelligence is, many people believe that a person is born smart, average, or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life. But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle（肌肉）—it changes and gets stronger when you use it. And scientists have been able to show just how the brain grows and gets stronger when you learn.

Everyone knows that when you lift weights, your muscles get bigger and you get stronger. A person who can’t lift 20 pounds when he/she starts exercising can get strong enough to lift 100 pounds after working out for a long time. That’s because the muscles become larger and stronger with exercise. And when you stop exercising, the muscles shrink（收缩）and you get weaker. That’s why people say “Use it or lose it!”

But most people don’t know that when they practice and learn new things, parts of their brain change and get larger a lot like muscles do when they exercise. Inside the cortex（皮层）of the brain are billions of tiny nerve（神经元）cells（细胞）,called neurons. The nerve cells have branches connecting them to other cells in a complicated（复杂）network. Communication between these brain cells is what allows us to think and solve problems. When you learn new things, these tiny connections in the brain actually multiply and get stronger. The more you challenge your mind to learn, the more your brain cells grow. Then, things that you once found very hard or even impossible to do —like speaking a foreign language or doing algebra（代数）—seem to become easy after learning them for a period of time. The result is a stronger, smarter brain.

Scientists started thinking that the human brain could develop and change when they studied animals’ brains. They found out that animals that lived in a challenging environment were more “perspicacious”—they were better at solving problems and learning new things.

1. According to the first paragraph,              .

A．the function（作用）of our brain is like that of the muscle

B．until now it’s impossible to explain the brain’s mystery

C．many people believe one’s intelligence is naturally determined（决定）

D．one’s brain grows stronger as the age increases

2. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The complicated structure of the brain.

B．How changes in the muscles affect the brain.

C．The importance of the brain.

D．How the brain becomes stronger by learning new things.

3. What does the underlined word “perspicacious” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．Strong.

B．Smart.

C．Popular.

D．Active.

4. The paragraph that follows the passage will most probably talk about             .

A．the differences between animals’ brains and humans’ brains

B．the relation between human brains and muscles

C．scientists’ findings about animals’ brains

D．how to make your brain smarter through self-development

【推荐2】That Susan is so funny...I need to bring the car to the wash tomorrow...why is this person so loud...here comes the sun, doo-doo-doo.

We often find ourselves in an endless thought loop (圈). And every so often, we try to stop this endless flow of thoughts by telling ourselves to just stop thinking. But do we or can we ever really stop thinking?

It depends on your definition (定义) of “thinking”, according to Michael Halassa, the US. We basically go through each day in one of the two states—we either realize that we’re thinking or we don’t. Our brains won’t stop thinking completely until we             die.

“The brain never stops thinking in a sense. Most thoughts are actually in the background without us noticing them and there’s not really a way to turn these things.” Halassa said.

You can compare this to how a computer works. When you aren’t using your computer while it is turned on, it is still running operations “in the background”. Your computer, much like your brain, even if you’re not actively using it.

“If you see a familiar face in a crowd and think you know them, you might not be able to come up with how you know them right away,” Halassa said. “But maybe hours later, you’ll suddenly remember. That’s a result of your brain thinking in the background.”

We even make decisions mostly unconsciously or without realizing them. For example, some of this background “thinking” results in what we call a “gut feeling (直觉)”. During our brain’s decision-making process (精确的), sometimes it’s not.

Even sitting here reading this, thinking about “thinking” is sending messages across chain of neurons (神经元) in the brain. So if we somehow manage to stop ourselves from “thinking”, the brain won’t sign off. It will continue to have thoughts—we just won’t realize them.

1. When you are in an endless thought loop, you ________.

A．can think about a problem very clearly

B．keep thinking about one thing after another

C．cannot stop thinking about things in the past

D．keep thinking about one thing again and again

2. What does Paragraph 5 try to tell us?

A．Human brains are thinking all the time.

B．A computer can think like a human brain.

C．Human brains work faster than computers.

D．A computer can deal with plenty of information.

3. The word “unconsciously” in Paragraph 7 probably means “________”.

A．carelessly

B．unknowingly

C．fearlessly

D．undoubtfully

4. What’s the best title for the passage?

A．Will We Continue to Have Thoughts after We Die?

B．How Do the Neurons in the Brain Work?

C．What Is the Definition of “Thinking”?

D．Can We Ever Really Stop Thinking?

【推荐3】

We touch our faces all the time, and it had never seemed to be a big problem–until COVID-19 arrived. Touching our faces–the "T-zone" of our eyes, nose and mouth in particular–can mean giving ourselves the deadly virus.

This is why organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have suggested that we avoid touching our faces. "Just stop this simple behavior," William Sawyer, founder of Henry the Hand, a nonprofit organization that promotes hand hygiene (卫生), told The Washington Post. "It's the one behavior that would be better than any vaccine ever created."

Yet, stopping this "simple" behavior might be harder than you think because it's already into our system.

Some face touching is an automatic reflex (反射) – like when there is an itch on your nose, you'll scratch (挠) it without thinking. According to CNBC, a 2014 study found that touching your face also helps to reduce stress and regulate emotions. For example, you're more likely to do it when you feel awkward or embarrassed. According to Dacher Keltner, a psychologist at the University of California Berkeley, US, this action may also come with a social function: When you are talking to someone and want to change the subject, for example, touching your face is like "the curtains on a stage, closing up one act of the social drama, leading to the next," Keltner told the BBC.

Moreover, face-touching in almost all of these is subconscious, which means it's very hard to change "because you don't even know you're doing it", said Sawyer. But you're not alone. In a 2015 study, where a group of medical students were filmed in class, it was found that they touched their faces an average of 23 times an hour–with 44 percent of the touches being in the"T-zones". That was particularly surprising since medical students were supposed to know better.

Since it's so hard to shake the habit, maybe the easiest way is to wash our hands more often. This way, we can be sure that our hands are free from the novel coronavirus.

Tips for keeping your hands away

Tie up your hair so your face won't be tickled (使发痒) by stray strands (松散的发缕).

Keep your hands occupied, eg. with a stress ball.

Ask a friend to keep an eye on your hands.

1. It's hard to stop touching faces because people ________.

A．don't take it seriously	B．do it without awareness
C．are born with the behavior	D．feel happier while doing it

2. What does the underlined word "subconscious" mean?

A．Obvious.

B．Natural.

C．Strange.

D．Impolite.

3. Which of the following is a social function of touching faces, according to the text?

A．Bringing a conversation to an end.	B．Making others feel relaxed while talking.
C．Showing an interest in the ongoing subject.	D．Using it as a sign to change the topic.

4. What is the author's purpose in mentioning a 2015 study on a group of medical students?

A．To give tips on how to stop touching faces.

B．To prove that it is common for people to touch their faces.

C．To show how hygiene awareness helps people avoid touching their faces.

D．To show it is impossible to shake the habit of touching your face.

【推荐2】

The Beijing Underground’s Line Ten will soon have 40 “reverse vending machines（有偿自动回收机）”,which will pay people for their empty plastic bottles.
“We have placed two such machines at Beijing Capital International Airport and four at the city’s underground stations . They have been well received so far ,” said Feng Juan , an engineer from the company which makes the machines . “people are encouraged and paid for turning waste into treasure .More than 30,000 empty bottles have been collected since December,” she said .
If something else , such as waste paper , is thrown into the machine , the machine will spit（吐）it out .
“Supported by the government , the reverse vending machined will be introduced to colleges and universities soon ,”Feng said .
The company is also considering covering more recycling materials, including used books and teaching materials .
“Long-term plans call for about 2,000 reverse vending machines to be placed throughout the city in the next few years , including 80 at colleges and universities , shopping malls , communities and office buildings,” Feng said.
Chang Tao , director of the company , said that if the new project works well in the city , the company will consider the waste-to-treasure service to other developed cities in the eastern part of China .
1. Which sign probably represents the meaning of the underlined word “recycling”?

A．

B．

C．

D．

2. Which of the following is an opinion rather than a fact ?

A．More than 30,000 empty bottles have been collected .

B．Feng Juan and Chang Tao work in the same company .

C．The machines might help people develop a recycling habit .

D．People are paid for putting empty plastic bottles into the machines .

3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage ?

A．Machines help turn waste into treasure	B．A new machine has become popular
C．A creative project works well in China	D．People are encouraged to collect bottles